CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM

Introduction/Background of the Study

Different kinds of advanced technology were created and

being used today, that is why we have what we called the “Era of
Globalization”. As our population continues to grow, the use of
advanced technologies specifically the use of Internet in our
world is also growing. People used to look for books to find
certain information about a specific topic before, but now with
the use of Internet we don’t have to spent hours or a day looking
for books to find such information because everything can be
found with just a simple click of a search button. Everything is
changing, everything is digital. According to Jibrin, Musa, and
Shittu (2017) the use of technology is changing the way things
are done, including the work in institutions where the teaching
and learning process required a great deal of improvement.
Internet can also be used to improve one’s knowledge, especially
students.

A definition in Google states that “Internet is a global

computer network providing a variety of information and
communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks
using standardized communication protocols.” Based in the article
of Kahn & Dennis (2019) internet is a system architecture that
has revolutionized communications and methods of commerce by
allowing various computer networks around the world to
interconnect. It is sometimes referred to as a “network of
networks”. The Internet provides a capability so powerful and
general that it can be used for almost any purpose that depends
on information, and it is accessible by every individual who
connects to one of its constituent networks. It supports human
communication via electronic mail (e-mail), “chat rooms,”
newsgroups, and audio and video transmission and allows people to
work collaboratively at many different locations. It supports
access to digital information by many applications, including the
World Wide Web.

The internet is a technology that has become an enormous

part of people’s daily lives. Through its ability to act as a
support medium in different functions for which people use it,
the internet was introduced to academic institutions as a tool to
enhance student’s academic experience in the mid-1990s
(Ngoumandjoka, 2012). Over the last decades, internet
connectivity has improved tremendously and is available
everywhere such as homes, offices, travels and schools (Ellore et
al., 2014).

Today, empirical studies (e.g Adedotun, 2015; Akende &

Bamise, 2017) report that access to information can influence the
academic performance of students. The use of credible internet
resources is of greater importance for academic study, especially
in high class courses which require an academic review of
literature (Sahin et al., 2010). Internet use for educational
purpose is found by Kim (2011) to be the heart of adolescent
academic achievement. The availability of internet is almost
everywhere; most students have had access to internet on their
cellphones (Ellore et al. 2014). This helps students to broaden
their academic knowledge, research and assignments by accessing
information worldwide and also enhances easy communication to the
academic community (Siraj, et al., 2015).

Despite the significance of internet usage to students’

academic performance, its negative impacts are various. Some
students use the internet for non-academic purposes such as
gaming and social networking, thus culminating in loss of study
schedules (Singh et al., 2013). Besides, students use the
internet for leisure rather than educational purposes (Olatokun,
2008; Ngoumandjoka, 2012) and this can lead to fallen academic
standards. The topmost uses of the internet by secondary students
is charting, downloading, watching videos online, playing online
games, and online shopping (Akin-Adramola, 2014). This suggests
that some secondary students do not receive proper guidance in
the use of the internet in studying. The internet can be a bad
tool for higher academic achievement if only its usage is not
controlled (Mami and Hatami-Zad, 2014).

Recent studies (e.g. Mami and Hatami-Zad, 2014; Torres-Diaz

et al., 2016; Carter, 2016) have found that a balance use of the
internet leads to greater academic success among students.
University students have control over the use of internet which
has greatly reflected in their academic performance (Sahin et
al., 2010). However, this study is limited only to the Senior
High School Students of Naga College Foundation. It is to
determine the correlation of internet usage to their academic
performance.

Research Questions

Specifically, this study wants to answer the following questions:

1. What is the rate of internet use among the students?

a. What is the average time spent of every student in

accessing internet every day or every week?

b. Does accessing internet for a period of time can improve

their academic performance?

c. How much they are dependent on the internet?

2. How useful is the internet to students in their daily

academic activities?

a. Are students knowledgeable to access internet in a

positive way?

b. Are they (students) accessing internet to do specific

tasks related to their academic performance?

c. Are they using internet to communicate and to talk about

academic works?

3. Do the internet services influence students’ academic

performance?

a. Which is the most used internet service?

b. b. What are the problems faced by students in using

internet services?

c. c. Does accessing internet services much more beneficial

and convenient than finding certain books for a reference?

Scope and Delimitations

The focus of this study is to determine the correlation of
internet usage to students’ academic performance.
This study is delimited only for the senior high school
students of Naga College Foundation. It is stated here in this
research paper on how the internet usage can affects students’
academic performance positively and negatively.
Hypotheses
Ho This study wants to verify whether the students’ internet
usage negatively affects their academic performance.
HA This study wants to verify whether the students’ internet
usage positively affects their academic performance.
Significance of the Study
The result of this study can be great importance to the
following:
Researchers. They will know how internet usage can affect
students’ academic performance positively and negatively.
Future Researchers. It will serve as a guide to the study that
will be conducted. It will also serve as a reference and a source
of information for the future researchers.
Students. It will help the students in maximizing the use of the
internet. It will also be a lead for the students to not abuse
the use of the internet.
Teachers. It will be beneficial to the teachers as it’s result
are the basis and can be an instrument to determine how students
depend most of the time to the internet.

Conceptual Framework

Online Media Online Media

Usage for Usage for Non-
Education Education

Academic
Internet Performan Facebook
Usage ce Usage
 Conceptual framework was developed by analyzing internet
usage and its impacts on academic performances of Senior High
School students. All of the variables are identified either of
the concepts, models, and frameworks and were selected as a
conceptual framework. The variables had fulfilled the
requirements of this research topic were the only choice this
research. There are five major factors found based on the other
previous researchers for understanding the impact or effect of
internet usage.

Definition of Terms

Internet. A global computer network providing a variety of

information and communication facilities, consisting of
interconnected networks using standardized communication
protocols.

Internet Usage. Is the measurement of the amount of data flowing

through your computer and the Internet network for a defined
period?

Academic Performance. Measurement of student achievement across

various academic subjects.

Grade Point Average (GPA). An indication of a student’s academic

achievement at a college or university, calculated as the total
number of grade points received over a given period divided by
the total number of credits awarded.
 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the related literature and studies

from foreign sources after through and in-depth search alone by
the researchers. This will also present the synthesis of related
literature and studies to fully understand, evaluate critically
and for better comprehension of the study.

According to Sushma (2014), the more time spent with the

Internet, the higher a student addicted to the internet. The
study showed that the time spent on the internet is becoming a
measure of academic achievement.

It has been recently reported that adolescents today spend a

significant amount of their time on the internet for multiple
purposes (Olatokun, 2008; Krischne and Karpinski, 2009; Ogedebe,
2012; Singh et al., 2013; Bragdon and Dowler, 2016).

Evidence abound that excessive internet use has been

associated with problems of maintaining daily routines, school
performance, and family relationships (Rickert, 2001).

Based on Garcia (2015) the use of social media technologies

widely used by students can have a positive impact on students
and a key factor for the students in achieving summative grade
and left the course early.

Kubey et al., (2001) stated that, “69% of students, and 69%

of teachers, said that they have personally seen students’ grades
improve through use of the Internet”. While this is a good
example of how Internet can benefit society, they discovered that
excessive Internet use could be damaging to students’ academic
performance.

Rouis, Limayem, & Sangari, (2011) they argued in their

research that many students use Facebook with an extroverted
personality can lead to poor academic achievement. It indicates
that the personality of a person while using Facebook play a role
whether the academic performance can be achieved or not.

Based on the study the online media have a negative effect

on students. This is based on studies that have been done by the
researcher about the online video game which it is a type of
online media non-education; this online media negatively affects
academic achievement. (Anand, 2007)

Asdaque, Khan and Rizvi, (2010) their study found that

teachers’ and students’ major motivation for using the Internet
was convenience (82.91%); usefulness (80.05%); and free access to
information and software (71.4%). The article focused on how
students and teachers use books and the Internet when dealing
with research for academics.

Jacobsen & Forste (2011) concluded that for every hour a

student spent using social media his or her average GPA was
decreased by 0.05 to 0.07 points; offline interactions had a
negative association to GPA with a decrease of 0.02 grade points
per hour spent using social media. However, Jacobsen and Forste
also found that if the student spent an hour on the Internet
using it for academic purposes, his or her GPA had a slight
positive correlation with grade point average.

Yebowaah (2018) found that students’ use of internet have a

positive influence on their academic performance. However,
different uses of the internet among students do not influence
their academic performance. His study concludes that availability
of different internet sources to students does not grant all of
them immediate access.

Addiction to internet sites and social media can have both

positive and negative effect to students’ academic performance.
However, Controlled use of the internet has a positive influence
to students’ academic performance. (Ellore et al., 2014)
 CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

The researchers will use quantitative methods for data

collection, which would allow the measurement of variables and
build numbers to reflect the findings. A survey techniques and
questionnaire was used as the instruments to collect the data.
By using quantitative methods, the researcher can measure the
relationship with numbers and statistical facts and figures to
assess the relationship, to describe the relationship of cause
and effect and identify the extent to which the variables tested
affect their academic performance.

This research population is made up of 1301 senior high

school students. The random sampling technique was used in this
study. The sample size for this survey was 93 respondents of the
research population. The area of the target population in this
research is in Camarines Sur National High School. We will be
using Pearson’s Correlation to determine the correlation of
internet usage among the senior high school students of Camarines
Sur National High School.

N N
n= 2
= 2
= 92.86 or 93
1+n (e) 1+1301(0.10)
 Clearly the primary goal of this study is to investigate
internet usage among student in challenge elicitation and to
achieve this objective used to approaches. The questionnaire
forms will be given and will be completed by students during
their lecture or vacant hours. The frequencies responses were
voluntary and students who do no longer get admission to the
internet are allowed to not participate in the survey. Students
have been request to answer questions and respond to one of the
alternative for every question.

According to him (Johannesburg, 2012), the help of this

reading is to show the use of internet to the students and how
internet exerts some influence on students’ academic performance
but no link of relationship between its cause and effect that
could be established.

Theoretical Framework

Online Media Online Media

Usage for Usage for Non-
Education Education

Academic
Internet Performan Facebook
Usage ce Usage

Theoretical framework was developed by analyzing internet

usage and its impacts on academic performances of Senior High
School students. All of the variables are identified either of
the concepts, models, and frameworks and were selected as a
theoretical framework. The variables had fulfilled the
requirements of this research topic were the only choice this
research. There are four major factors found based on the other
previous researchers for understanding the impact or effect of
internet usage.