Physics

Chapter -2 (Work Power and Energy)

Question 1: Write five forms of energy.

Answer: (i) Mechanical energy (ii) Chemical energy (iii) Solar energy

(iv) Heat energy (v) Light energy.

Question 2: What do you understand by mechanical energy? What are the different forms of mechanical
energy?

Answer: The energy possessed by body due to its state or its motion is called mechanical energy.
Mechanical energy is of two forms: (i) potential energy, and (ii) kinetic energy.

Question 3: What do you understand by the potential energy of the body?

Answer: The potential energy of a body is the energy possessed by body by virture of its state

or position.

Question 4: What do you understand by the kinetic energy of the body? Give three examples of bodies
possessing kinetic energy.

Answer: The kinetic energy of a body is the energy possessed by body by virtue of its state of motion, (1)
A moving bullet (ii) A flowing river (iii) Wind.

Question 5: How is kinetic energy possessed by a moving body measured?

Answer: The kinetic energy possessed by a moving body is measured by the amount of work done by an
opposing force in bringing the body to rest from its present state of motion.

Question 6: A man climbs a slope and another walks same distance on level road. Which of

the two expends more energy and why?

Answer: The man moving along the slope expends more energy. It is because, while moving along slope,
he gains height and hence has extra potential energy.

Question 7: Is it possible that a body may possess energy even when it is not in motion?

Answer: Yes, the body may possess potential energy.

Question 8: What kind of energy is possessed in the situations when? (i) A cocked up spring of air gun. (ii)
A stone lying on the top of roof. (iii) A fish moving in water. (iv) A horse running along a level road, (v)
Water stored in dams. (vi) An electron spinning around nucleus. (vii) A shooting arrow. (viii) A stone, in a
strecthed catapult.
Answer: (i) P.E. (ii) P.E. (iii) K.E. (iv) K.E. (v) P.E. (vi) K.E. (vii) K.E. (viii) P.E.

Question 9: State the energy changes which takes place when:

1. A body released from rest from the top of a building.

2. A body thrown vertically upwards from the ground. 3. In a heat engine.

4. A bulb glows, when torch light is switched on. 5. A car moves up a hill.

6. A toy car spring is wound and car is made to run on level floor. 7. Water stored in dams rotates
turbine connected to a dynamo. 8. An air gun is loaded and then fired.

9. A magnesium ribbon burns in air. 10. A stone projected vertically upwards, returns back to the
thrower.

11. Water freezes in the freezing chamber of a fridge. 12. Photographic film is exposed to sunlight.
13. Food is digested by animals. 14. During electrolysis. 15. Burning of coal.

16. Petrol engine of a running motor car. 17. A battery lighting up a bulb.

18. Electricity obtained from nuclear energy. 19. Electricity obtained from solar energy.

20. Electricity obtained from wind energy. 21. Electricity obtained from hydro energy.

Answer: 1. The potential energy changes to kinetic energy.

2. The kinetic energy changes to potential energy.

3. The heat energy changes to mechanical energy.

4. The chemical energy of cell changes to electric energy. The electric energy first changes to heat and
finally to light energy.

5. The K.E. of moving car changes to potential energy.

6. The mechanical energy changes to potential energy during winding. The potential energy is then
released in the form of kinetic energy.

7. P.E. of stored water changes to K.E. of flowing water, The K.E. of flowing water rotates

turbine. The turbine in turn rotates the coil of generator and changes into electric energy.

8. During loading, the mechanical energy changes to potential energy of spring. On firing, the P.E. of
spring changes to K.E. of bullet.

9. During burning of magnesium, chemical energy changes to heat and light energy.

10. The kinetic energy changes to potential energy when stone rises up. The potential energy
then changes back to kinetic energy, when stone comes down.

11. The kinetic energy of water molecules is released in the form of heat energy.

12. The light energy changes to chemical energy?

13. The chemical energy changes into heat energy.

14. The electrical energy changes to chemical energy.

15. The chemical energy changes into heat energy.

16. The chemical energy changes into mechanical energy.

17. The electrical energy changes into heat energy and light energy. 18. The heat energy changes into
electricity..

19. The heat energy changes into electricity. 20. The K. E. changes into electricity.

21. The Kinetic energy changes into electricity.

Question 10: Give one example when:

1. Heat energy changes to kinetic energy.

2. Kinetic energy changes to heat energy. 3. Sound energy changes to electric energy.

4. Electric energy changes to sound energy. 5. Light energy changes to chemical energy.

6. Chemical energy changes to light energy.

7. Electric energy changes to mechanical energy.

8. Mechanical energy changes to electric energy.

9. Potential energy changes to electric energy. 10. Electric energy changes to potential energy.

11. Mechanical energy to heat energy.

12. Kinetic energy to potential energy. 13. Electrical energy to heat energy.

14. Chemical energy to electrical energy.

Answer:

1. In the automobile engine, heat energy changes to kinetic energy.

2. When two stones are rubbed against each other, kinetic energy changes to heat energy.

3. When we speak in front of microphone, sound energy changes to electric energy.

5. During photosynthesis, light energy changes to chemical energy.

6. During burning of magnesium, chemical energy changes to light energy..

7. In an electric motor, electric energy changes to mechanical energy.

8. In an electric generator, the mechanical energy changes to electric energy.

9. The P.E. of stored water in dams, changes to electric energy in generators.

10. When electrolysis is carried out, the electric energy changes to potential energy.

11. Rubbing of palms. 12. Throwing up a pebble from the ground.

13. Electric heater while in use. 14. Drawing current from an electric cell.