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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
22 viewsOs Paper
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Abhijeet PuriCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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foi. |
1. this eyslem_ is
memov
were dpowerful single processor,
© Ope taling
DePine the term oper
z {
es orcas operating, <
—_|_inletRice belincen he
Aa Contiotiee! the execution of atl
[User
; — 4) that is_meant by multipiocessi nc ng %sterng
imilcy to_multipregramming system, excep
es ete is more tha_on cpu available Ia mast _
§ multiprocessor systems. the processus shate d common,
Sys
stemiis.e program thal
Users
bem
yotein
ackas cr
omputet hatdwaye
kinds of progam
Thus the user can view the system as ifit |
[_ Supervisor a)
| precesserne t} Process A le— dik, i
Pracess 8
Yom), ny ise)
Sm 21th
“[rrecessat a4 Process R
coe
processor nevd. warking on tfacessA - @O REDMI NOTE 9
oni EN hab ichhsemapher ae
+} Thts an inleqet_Vaniable that part pro
= {Ba fecstc nly throughs stendeil. sot
Es }= Et is amethed which is. wedto Prevent Re
at coodion,
E = When _co= epereling. process _lty be gain. Acses.lo shed
———|_eglon_dlata aj that tims. test condition, can ovine
3 | so semaphae is one of the tool whichlcte, used to
a Apply S4ncthoxniaation beliscen processes ts. anid Rest
| conditict § deadlocks.
= =A semaphere mechanic, basically Comishof ao
| _prcemplive. operations signal ¢ wxait which operate.
pe Ghaispecial,. Hype of semaphae vaniable’5- | _
Be s-|
— 44] Whal. do eh ye. Bis
a Teealy éfe @ould. like to toll. back a preempted process —
| toa aife slate prick to the point tothe a} which
4 j thal tessutce tas Grigio cobs te the procers
un fortunatelty itcan be: cifliculto imposible {o_delermine
hat sucha gate stalejs, $50 the only safe. tollback ts 49
| tol) bacle_ait the toa back tothe begining. Ci-e bol
[Fx Tecthe prices! & make sik. storkiovet ) 274
Rollback
Vahl is meant by addiess Bindiog @
i | Piogram ate Enc socondary s storage, disks ds
binary executable files: when, the programs dveto be
executed eee in to the main memory $— —_—
ithi ma program process be) ae
E ee eerie toaiting 4o enter the
i the pnput guewe. ees
pee ike oe swahich att e bbe_eiewedisttiel
queue ¢4 placed_in the mate arf usin} —
Lae
Ua @O REDMI NOTE 9
Lozi) Q2
OY List 4: explain. dehanlage, of multi
——! Advan tage Om liprocessoc
Toceased though pal
Economy of saile
3+ Tncedsed Fell
1. Fncieased throughput -
{As the number af processoas increases) the
output is faster. The time required is less 40
the bask is
ee Ecomomy Of scale i
| The Cos! Of multiprocessor st tem..is less than thalo®
| multiple single- processor Mm. beacouce pawpheta
| devicep is 5 shened — FF the mulliple user
Wanks to share: the same dakal then insleddl of shoring
same data of each processor:
ee oe nae
“Th multiprocessor system iP any oF the proceset fails,
the work thal processor is Shared be vemainle procetset
G 246 iets e e
onfiol block Cece). in detail .3i thdia ee |
is 1 i ting system by:
deh process 16 teptesentecl inthe cpeiating
1 oa lock Cece). also called as is eu
—Conttal Bleck _ a s nc i
he_ operat ng. systero a >
i” 9 parti ae a
_ needs about a
Fuplain pieces c @Q REDMI NOTE 9
LoL] | Explain dipteren! melted for tewverr froma
4. Plocess Termination 7
Abort All deadlock. processey :
This methect Clearly (aill beak the deadlocle cycle.
QR but a4 a great expense: ithese proces Mav have
Computed For a fong time icf the teaalt oF this partial)
Computations must be discardes 4 giebabl 1erorpuber
later. EAL yi 4 te) a bs
Abort one process at 4 time tunti} the deadlock
| _ cycle. ts eliminated~_ NES =
| = this _methed_incuts considerable ovethaid: «since after
each process, iS sabsttecl aideadlock.~ detection aluotitim ay
|__rousk be ifvoked fo determine wheater any process ive _
| SNil\ deadlocks +
[2 Resource peempllon 4. (iy
I) When -Pleemoliog Resources to telleve deadlock here ave.
three importank fssles fo be additesed ,
{1 Geclecting A vich.m— - - 4
[1 deciding Which resources to preeme From which __
processed involves, many. of Eboi sere, decisied __
Criteria outlined above a
deidlect
2. Rothacle =| a i = 4
Cae, one wald like to vollback a ea
bo a safestate tion othe point db which aie |
rescues was originally oloated te the: frogs. Unt
ik-can,_ be diticall o.tmpssible to-delermine wha} aicha sae
T| Ghelematons "asl ok Bie
How do you guarantee Ehal-a process willnot state. aa
(1 barouse its xesnurcey. ave confor} bein ot
@O REDM NOTE 9
Noa @Q REDMI NOTE 9
LoL 7 | Calalate Average burn~< touine| time &
Quiling Hine: Poy all seboe. process ust meee
0: \ Ec
Algorithm i
Pi 5 |
(ean lie 8 9
os es aac
Boe Mey |e Tie ads |e !
sath Teinished wa
Hime_|_ fine
Bir ire
[process [push [Atival
[time |
otal wat Nie
Aina OF Plocesss———— ————
7 milliseconds.
wail time = Total butindto nel tim
Do of Plocesse
os &
7
Average farnareind Lime. =
Average turnaraind times 44:2. mnillisecondy | i) End, abort
| 1197. Recel process _ dispatch process:
|v) subpend process 4, Resume! process.) a La
Jv) Get process gitributes,,.
93:1 is
—__|-_ e101 lelet- level
pera
— by) Exblain.m evel Feedbade. quate egorlhm. a
| te ot lower -Prlenits queue.”
4. Lisl € explain system calls elated to. proc
Tob Control i
= Process js Nothing bu. preqiam e xecation =the «¢ xecull on, pf
}--Plejram,_ must be ia Seqilential manney
a ACteinai ng program, Needs to be cite foto balk (ne
execulion ete eithier norma
oF bn tall,
—The_pregreim discovad cin enor in 1S thneeeunte
—leiminate_abnematt ih may also wont te define
Press or jab execuling one piogrcin) may oanl to be
load ¢ execute enot het preqaarn
This _alinos the Conttol card interpretet fo Cecile, 9g a
— Os directly by the contre| cards o1 th users job
| system call rebleel jo precess coniiel ae:
| WS Load ,Execut
| iil Geak process. teiminale! process
Set process cithibutes.
p Mite) tail for. timed)
viii]. wail even » single erent
ix7_change the pre (eater Cb process.
| multitevel Peedbacl queue. allows ct. process: to. tee ad
| queuey, The ided is, to. separstk Prowse .oith. ipherent
Pe ea i ibe moved
PCLGL Usesi fo much ¢po times jiLveill: i
eae This leaves. tlobend
i
REDAI NOTE 9
tdi ie @O AEDAI NOTE 9
Noe Ti eh Ta a Big je. Tn the centet of abl
le is howl
SF tice
the table {5 laid with ive single ¢
a = {hen philosopher thiols, she does nob interack wan
i — Colleagues. Prom _time to Lime 1A philosopher ge
hungry 4 Liles te_pick Up the tos chopsticls thal are
closest to hen, (the chopsticks thal aie bshucen he ¢
her let _¢ rightipeighbour)-
{=A philosepher may. pick up. only one. chipsticke ak time
| Obivioush.she. tonnot aka chopstick tha kis. hex)
Lon the: hand of neighbouy ¥ ‘a
|= then a hungiy..phi lesephey has both herchepslicks qk
_the same time she ects without {eleasing het chopslicks 4 —
|__shavt Jbinking again ag
ay fg ot he iluaion. of dinning philosephe: =
Vhilea_nole on inlewupe 1 2
Lie mofivation For (acorpmating. ae ie eas. a
i ‘eihe for the devite |
te. 15 to eliminate the nced 0
eee constantly poll the eee i ae
“Tithe Scena using intenupis.iheclevice 1 :
= Scenarto_ ust hed :
| Pera onee_inlo fours diffant yPelcparts
ee
@O REDAI NOTE
NOMI] @O REDMI NOTE 9
NOR iT ( Yona)
lem its @O REDMI NOTE 9
Noni) re
This
upings
[s“ako. dechnic Me lee space manay
abon Of the Pree-tisl.
Fn ths ithetets ma
+ Which shores the cc
he fitsl nt blocks, cine F sie
Os the address of tha nblocls
_Conhai
Jolectana |
2 aie
By define the lem
pti Logical Address
| fi Phigical ddiess
U1 logical dddtess =) pi ie
ogical addsess |s genetal ed. oe while d program [s_—_
| Tupning The logical adelcess ts viytual aie
does nét exists physically, therefore. itis alge knowns}
Mirtual Addiess, int} me rallies
this dddress is used as a seferenca toaceets the phys
| memory location by ced: The tem logical Addtes space —
Is ‘ised thea of atl logical cddtesso}
fa geneateely Prggvam's. perspedive, @O PEDHT NOTE 9
LOR i] - thete dre |e. piocessep pt _¢ pr
with one instance ¢ scannes With on:
Pinker is aloccled +0 Pi ¢ Scanner
pacers. Ads sequds| Io seapner.cf.pamenucll
Tn this Resoute location Graph ther ih
{.. Pl=3 Scannet— 2 printer. a a
= this type of clicle ip Resousce.nllocation. qiagh.is
| crcattence of cleadlocl found in the oxlsting system
there is A citcle Means deddbck js ocuised «2
4) ahaLave the ditfcence beknean preenplile 4 non- peng —
| sheduingss 3 aig os
__ |_ Preemplive scheduling ui “None preepline shading =.
“ | The tesouKe ane des qed — lpr eat gte A
fod pioes fora long pores: they ave_held unl
{time petiad na [il Completed it ¢ burst peo _|
a | Ete changes to the waiting stale |
| Ths proces may be paused | then the piocessom starts dhe |
| in the midde of the | _}-process exectition iti must
| éxeculfon complete it before executing
| the other process 4 it tna
ra ta) @Q REDMI NOTE 9
ont 21z) _ | themselves all ever the disk 4 need to be achieved in —
[= Thdexed Allocationaelves this. Pt
Medium= Term shedulacs =
{c medlumeerm shedular lakes care oP suoapped oyp
processes 7p Lhe tunning process needs 5
Pox Complefion then it Needs te change.
Prom cunning to ePaiting—
pnedium beim shedulty js used for this purpose 14
Temoves the cunning press 4 males room Por neo
Pieces: Such processey are called suapped ou
processes 4 this procedure. {5 called og suoageing
= The Medium Lem shedular [5 used Pox suspereling 4
_tesuming the process
Tlo time
slate
| Explain indexed Aipcation brieel enh
Resource Allecation solves ee Pragmentation £
