CHAPTER – 14

STATISTICS
MEAN OF GROUPED DATA
Direct method

Mean, x 
 fi x i
 fi
Assume mean method or Short-cut method

Mean, x  A 
 fi d i where d  x  A
i i
 fi
Step Deviation method (This method deleted but student can use this method also)

Mean, x  A 
 fiu i  h where u  xi  A
 fi h

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
The following table gives the literacy rate (in percentage) of 35 cities. Find the mean literacy
rate.
Literacy rate (in %) 45 – 55 55 – 65 65 – 75 75 – 85 85 – 95
Number of cities 3 10 11 8 3
Solution:
Literacy rate Number of Class mark x A fu
(in %) Cities ‘f’ ‘x’ u 
h
45 – 55 3 50 –2 –6
55 – 65 10 60 –1 –10
65 – 75 11 70 0 0
75 – 85 8 80 1 8
85 – 95 3 90 2 6
Total 35 –2

Here, fu  2,  f  35 , A = 70, h = 10

Mean, x  A    h =  x  70   10  70 
fu 2 20 4
 70   70  0.57  x  69.43
f 35 35 7

Questions for Practice

1. Find the mean of the following data:
Class Interval 10 – 25 25 – 40 40 – 55 55 – 70 70 – 85 85 – 100
Frequency 2 3 7 6 6 6
2. Find the mean percentage of female teachers of the following data:
Percentage of female 15 – 25 25 – 35 35 – 45 45 – 55 55 – 65 65 – 75 75 – 85
teachers
Number of States/U.T 6 11 7 4 4 2 1
3. A survey was conducted by a group of students as a part of their environment awareness
programme, in which they collected the following data regarding the number of plants in 20
houses in a locality. Find the mean number of plants per house.
Number of plants 0 – 2 2 – 4 4 – 6 6 – 8 8 – 10 10 – 12 12 – 14
Number of houses 1 2 1 5 6 2 3
4. Find the mean daily wages of the workers of the factory by using an appropriate method for the
following data:
Daily wages (in Rs) 100 – 120 120 – 140 140 – 160 160 – 180 180 – 200
Number of workers 12 14 8 6 10
5. Find the mean number of mangoes kept in a packing box for the following data:
Number of mangoes 50 – 52 53 – 55 56 – 58 59 – 61 62 – 64
Number of boxes 15 110 135 115 25
6. Find the mean daily expenditure on food for the following data:
Daily expenditure (in Rs.) 100 – 150 150 – 200 200 – 250 250 – 300 300 – 350
Number of households 4 5 12 2 2

MODE OF GROUPED DATA

 f1  f 0 
Mode  l    h
 2 f1  f 0  f 2 
where l = lower limit of the modal class,
h = size of the class interval (assuming all class sizes to be equal),
f1 = frequency of the modal class,
f0 = frequency of the class preceding the modal class,
f2 = frequency of the class succeeding the modal class.

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Find the mean, mode and median for the following frequency distribution.
Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 Total
Frequency 8 16 36 34 6 100
Solution:
Here, highest frequency is 36 which belongs to class 20 – 30. So, modal class is 20 – 30,
l = 20, f0 = 16, f1 = 36, f2 = 34, h = 10
 f1  f 0 
We know that Mode  l    h
 2 f1  f 0  f 2 
36  16
 Mode  20   10
2(36)  16  34
20 200
 Mode  20   10  20   20  9.09  29.09
72  50 22

Questions for Practice

1. The frequency distribution table of agriculture holdings in a village is given below:
Area of land(in ha) 1-3 3-5 5-7 79 9-11 11-13
No. of families 20 45 80 55 40 12
Find the modal agriculture holdings of the village.
2. Find the mode age of the patients from the following distribution :
Age(in years) 6-15 16-25 26-35 36-45 46-55 56-65
No. of patients 6 11 21 23 14 5
3. Find the mode of the following frequency distribution:
Class 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-50 50-55
Frequency 25 34 50 42 38 14
4. Find the modal height of maximum number of students from the following distribution:
Height(in cm) 160-162 163-165 166-168 169-171 172-174
No. of students 15 118 142 127 18
5. A survey regarding the heights (in cms) of 50 girls of a class was conducted and the following
data was obtained.
Height(in cm) 120-130 130-140 140-150 150-160 160-170 Total
No. of girls 2 8 12 20 8 50
Find the mode of the above data.

 Cumulative Frequency: The cumulative frequency of a class is the frequency obtained by

adding the frequencies of all the classes preceeding the given class.

MEDIAN OF GROUPED DATA

n 
 2  cf 
Median  l    h
 f 
 
where l = lower limit of median class,
n = number of observations,
cf = cumulative frequency of class preceding the median class,
f = frequency of median class,
h = class size (assuming class size to be equal).

EMPIRICAL FORMULA
3Median = Mode + 2 Mean

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
Find the median of the following frequency distribution:
Class 75-84 85-94 95-104 105-114 115-124 125-134 135-144
Frequency 8 11 26 31 18 4 2
Solution:
Class True Class limits Frequency cf
75-84 74.5 – 84.5 8 8
85-94 84.5 – 94.5 11 19
95-104 94.5 – 104.5 26 45
105-114 104.5 – 114.5 31 76
115-124 114.5 – 124.5 18 94
125-134 124.5 – 134.5 4 98
135-144 134.5 – 144.5 2 100
Total 100
n
Here, n = 100   50 which belongs to 104.5 – 114.5
2
So, l = 104.5, cf = 45, f = 31, h = 10
n 
 2  cf 
We know that Median  l    h
 f 
 
50  45 50
 Median  104.5  10  Median  104.5   104.5  1.61  106.11
31 31
Questions for Practice
1. The percentage of marks obtained by 100 students in an examination are given below:
Marks 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-50 50-55 55-60 60-65
No. of Students 14 16 18 23 18 8 3
Determine the median percentage of marks.
2. Weekly income of 600 families is as under:
Income(in Rs.) 0-1000 1000-2000 2000-3000 3000-4000 4000-5000 5000-6000
No. of Families 250 190 100 40 15 5
Compute the median income.

3. Find the median of the following frequency distribution:

Marks 0–5 5 – 10 10 – 15 15 – 20 20 – 25 25 – 30 30 – 35 35 – 40
Number of students 8 12 20 12 18 13 10 7
4. The following table gives the distribution of the life time of 500 neon lamps:
1500 – 2000 – 2500 – 3000 – 3500 – 4000 – 4500 –
Life time (in hrs)
2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000
Number of Lamps 24 86 90 115 95 72 18
Find the median life time of a lamp.
5. Find the median marks for the following distribution:
Marks Below 10 Below 20 Below 30 Below 40 Below 50 Below 60
No. of Students 6 15 29 41 60 70
6. Find the median wages for the following frequency distribution:
Wages per day 61-70 71-80 81-90 91-100 101-110 111-120
No. of workers 5 15 20 30 10 8
7. Find the median marks for the following distribution:
Marks 11-15 16-20 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50
No. of Students 2 3 6 7 14 12 4 2

MCQ QUESTIONS (1 mark)

1. In the following distribution :

Monthly income range (in Rs) Number of families
Income more than Rs 10000 100
Income more than Rs 13000 85
Income more than Rs 16000 69
Income more than Rs 19000 50
Income more than Rs 22000 33
Income more than Rs 25000 15
the number of families having income range (in Rs) 16000 – 19000 is
(a) 15 (b) 16 (c) 17 (d) 19

2. While computing mean of grouped data, we assume that the frequencies are
(a) evenly distributed over all the classes (b) centred at the classmarks of the classes
(c) centred at the upper limits of the classes (d) centred at the lower limits of the classes
3. Consider the following frequency distribution of the heights of 60 students of a class :
Number of
Height (in cm)
students
150-155 15
155-160 13
160-165 10
165-170 8
170-175 9
175-180 5
The sum of the lower limit of the modal class and upper limit of the median class is
(a) 310 (b) 315 (c) 320 (d) 330

4. In the formula x  a   i i , for finding the mean of grouped data di’s are deviations from a of
fd
 fi
(a) lower limits of the classes (b) upper limits of the classes
(c) mid points of the classes (d) frequencies of the class marks

5. For the following distribution :

Class Frequency
0-5 10
5-10 15
10-15 12
15-20 20
20-25 9
the sum of lower limits of the median class and modal class is
(a) 15 (b) 25 (c) 30 (d) 35

6. Consider the following frequency distribution :

Class Frequency
0-5 13
6-11 10
12-17 15
18-23 8
24-29 11
The upper limit of the median class is
(a) 17 (b) 17.5 (c) 18 (d) 18.5

7. For the following distribution :

Marks Number of students
Below 10 3
Below 20 12
Below 30 27
Below 40 57
Below 50 75
Below 60 80
the modal class is
(a) 10-20 (b) 20-30 (c) 30-40 (d) 50-60
8. Consider the data :
Class Frequency
65-85 4
85-105 5
105-125 13
125-145 20
145-165 14
165-185 7
185-205 4
The difference of the upper limit of the median class and the lower limit of the modal class is
(a) 0 (b) 19 (c) 20 (d) 38

9. The times, in seconds, taken by 150 atheletes to run a 110 m hurdle race are tabulated below :
Class Frequency
13.8-14 2
14-14.2 4
14.2-14.4 5
14.4-14.6 71
14.6-14.8 48
14.8-15 20
The number of atheletes who completed the race in less then 14.6 seconds is :
(a) 11 (b) 71 (c) 82 (d) 130

10. Consider the following distribution :

Marks obtained Number of students
More than or equal to 0 63
More than or equal to 10 58
More than or equal to 20 55
More than or equal to 30 51
More than or equal to 40 48
More than or equal to 50 42
the frequency of the class 30-40 is
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 48 (d) 51

11. If xi’s are the mid points of the class intervals of grouped data, fi’s are the corresponding
frequencies and x is the mean, then  ( fi xi  x) is equal to
(a) 0 (b) –1 (c) 1 (d) 2

  fi ui 
12. In the formula x  a  h  , for finding the mean of grouped frequency distribution, ui =
  fi 
 
x a x a a  xi
(a) i (b) h( xi  a) (c) i (d)
h h h
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