ENGLISH 10

Quarter 2 – Week 2
LET’S POSITION YOUR EXPOSITION!
KEY STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF EXPOSITION and LANGUAGE FEATURES OF AN
ARGUMENTATIVE TEXT

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY:

Identify key structural elements, e.g.:
 Exposition-Statement of position,
 Arguments,
 Restatement of Positions
and language features of an argumentative text, e.g.:
 modal verbs: should, must, might, and modal adverbs, usually, probably, etc.
 attitudes expressed through evaluative language;
 conjunctions or connectives to link ideas: because, therefore, on the other hand,
etc.;
 declarative statements
 rhetorical questions
 passive voice

As you begin learning with this module, you have to set aside other things and tasks that will
affect your focus and may interrupt you. Read carefully so you can easily understand the key concepts
and follow all the instructions below.

1. Know Your target! Know the objectives of the lesson, first and foremost.
2. Write It down! Write all the important concepts of the lesson on your Interactive English Notebook.
3. Read and Review! Read and review all the important notes from the lesson.
4. Know What to Do! Read and follow all the instructions carefully before doing the given task(s).
5. Ask It Out! For questions and clarifications, you may ask for your teacher’s help or simply ask for
your parents’ guidance.
6. Do It! Perform the provided activities in the given period of time. Analyze and review your answers.
7. Submit! Let your teacher assess and check your answers.

Enjoy learning!

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In this lesson, you will be able to:
1. Identify and enumerate the structural elements of an Expository writing;
2. Recall the language features of argumentative texts; and
3. Produce an expository or argumentative paragraph.

TRUE or FALSE. Write T if the statement is True, and F if it is FALSE.

__________ 1. Exposition refers to the comprehensive explanation of ideas.
__________ 2. Argumentative texts are similar with Expository texts.
__________ 3. It is important that have the proper attitude in expressing your exposition and arguments.
__________ 4. Using sentences in the passive voice means the sentence is weaker than its active form.
__________ 5. Declarative sentences are sentences that present and give ideas.

Exposition is a comprehensive explanation of ideas. When we explain, we describe and provide

specific details. Aside from facts, we even include our opinions and beliefs. We do this to give our
listeners or readers a complete background information about a certain topic. But we must bear in our
minds that exposition is only the beginning or the first part of a writing. Meaning, if we make our
introduction interesting, everything else follows.
For example, you express to your parents that you want to buy something you like and you give
your reasons why you want it. You try your best to convince them to agree with you. After that, you will
summarize all the things you have said and finally, you will ask them if they will buy that something for
you. Nice, isn’t it? You’ve done a good example of an exposition in your daily life!
Another daily life situation is when you and your parents have an argument about them not
allowing you to stay outside late. You express your reasons why you go out even when it is late. They
also state their reasons why they want you to go home early. Both of you exchange your opinions and
thoughts about your argument. You discuss how short your time is at school to finish your projects and
requirements and staying late helps you and your friends do it easier. Your parents discuss also the
dangers of staying outside late. This is a common example of an argumentation. When you put it in
writing, it becomes an argumentative text. Argumentative texts are writings that present arguments of the
two sides of an issue. In this type of writing, an issue or problem is presented, together with its pros and

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cons or simply, the positive and the negative sides. Evidences are laid down to support each side. There is
really no solution at the end of the argumentation or writing. It is for the readers to decide which side they
are going to agree with.
Both expository and argumentative writing are necessary in research writing. To produce Good
Expository and Argumentative Writing, we have to follow some tips:

1. Use modal verbs such as should, must, might; and modal adverbs such as usually, probably,
etc. It adds meaning to your writing. Take note that each modal verb has different function,
degree, and usage.
2. You need to have the proper attitude in expressing your exposition and arguments. You have
to be formal and calm. Avoid using foul words. Avoid being bias or one-sided.
3. Use conjunctions that will connect your ideas together. They will serve as the glue that will
stick and hold your thoughts. Thus, promote coherence in writing.
4. Always make your sentences in the declarative form for your main purpose is to present and
give ideas.
5. Include rhetorical questions in your writing. This type of questions does not really have
answers or maybe there is, but it is already obvious. We usually put rhetorical questions on
our introduction to catch the readers’ interest or to put them into thinking.
6. Do not be afraid to use the passive voice in writing. It is not true that when you use sentences
in the passive voice means it is weaker than its active form.

By following these, I’m sure that you can be able to produce a good writing.

Activity 1.1 Choose One!

Conjunctions
We use conjunctions to hold our ideas together and make not so long yet good sentences in
English. They serve as glue in connecting ideas, big or small. They secure the thought in our sentences,
thus promote cohesion. Here are the types of conjunctions and their common examples:

Coordinating Subordinating Conjunctions

Conjunctions T After Because In case Provided Though

F – For
Y As Before In that Supposing Until

A – And As far as Even if Now that Since When

N – Nor P As soon as If Once Therefore While

B – But
E Correlative Conjunctions

O – Or both…and neither…nor not only…but also

Y – Yet S either…or not…but whether…or

S – So

Examples:
1. Kathleen loves reading books and writing poems.
2. Gerry did his assignments after dinner.
3. Both the President and all the Filipinos want this pandemic to end.

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Directions: Encircle the conjunction in the parenthesis that fits the sentences below.
1. (Not only , Whether ) the Spanish flu in 1918 killed many lives and destroyed the economy of
many countries, ( but also , or ) the COVID-19 pandemic that we experience nowadays.
2. COVID-19 spread in the Philippines and other countries ( after , before ) its outbreak in Wuhan,
China in December 2019.
3. The president ( and , or ) the local government are trying their best to help the people by
sustaining their basic needs especially during the months of lockdown.
4. It is not safe to go out and students can’t go to school due to the pandemic, ( because , so ) the
Department of Education came up with the blended learning approach.
5. Life will come back to the way it was used to be, little by little, ( once , therefore ) the vaccine to
cure this pandemic is invented.

Activity 1.2 Active or Passive?

Active and Passive Voice

Active voice is a sentence structure in which the subject performs or act upon the verb’s action.
The subject is the focus of the sentence.
Examples:
Subject Verb Object Subject Verb Object
The chicken crossed the road. Maria and Reb accepted their suggestion.

Passive voice is a sentence structure in which the object and the verb becomes the focus of the
sentence and not the subject. It is the opposite of the active voice.
Examples:
Object Verb Subject Object Verb Subject
The road was crossed by the chicken. Their suggestion was accepted by Maria and Reb.

Directions: Write A if the sentences below are in the active voice and P if it is in the passive voice.
________ 1. The COVID-19 virus targets the human respiratory system.
________ 2. Cough, fever, and breathing difficulties are identified by the World Health Organization as
the
common symptoms of the pandemic.
________ 3. The New Normal set-up is being implemented by the government to protect Filipinos from
the disease.
________ 4. The government allocated funds to provide food for the people and medical supplies to the
health workers and hospitals.
________ 5. Researches are being conducted by many experts to come up with a vaccine that will cure
COVID-19.

Activity 1.3 Part by Part!

Parts of an Exposition / Expository Writing
An expository writing begins with a statement of position which states a writer’s point of view. This
gives us the signal that an argument is about to go next. The argument part has lots of logical facts and
evidences that supports the argument. It aims to convince or persuade the readers. This writing will be
closed by the restatement of position(s). Each writing should have an ending, and we end an exposition
by summarizing the facts that we used to support our argument and restating or repeating our stand about
our topic. This signals that our writing is about to end.

Directions: Below is a sample expository text already divided into parts. Read, analyze and identify
which among is the statement of position, argument, and restatement of position (15 points).

4
 Is learning possible during Covid-19? The pandemic Corona
Virus Disease 2019, known as Covid-19 kills and frightens people all
across the country. Lots of precautionary measures are being
implemented to protect people from the disease. However, the
Department of Education
strongly suggests continuing learning process thru online learning, but
several issues arise after gathering the result of the survey.

First, not all parents can afford the technology needed for their
children. Second, internet stability is another major concern. And lastly,
most of the parents don’t have time to teach and guide their children at
home because most of them are working hard to provide for the family’s
needs especially at this trying times. To lessen the dread, DepEd came
up of a blended-learning approach in which students will be using a
combination of modules and online learning, for those who have, for
learning.

In spite all of this, everyone is positive that education can

surpass the challenges brought by this pandemic as President Rodrigo
Roa Duterte oaths to scrape the bottom of the barrel to support DepEd’s
program.

Exposition is a comprehensive explanation of ideas thru describing and providing specific details.
An expository writing has three parts namely:
1. statement of position - the writer’s point of view
2. arguments - includes logical facts or evidences that support the writer’s point of view
3. restatement of position – summarized facts from the argument part, conclusion

Argumentative texts are writings that presents arguments of the two sides of an issue.

Tips in Writing Expository and Argumentative Texts

1. Use modal verbs and modal adverbs.
2. You need to have the proper attitude in expressing your exposition and arguments.
3. Use conjunctions that will hold your ideas together.
4. Always make your sentences in the declarative form
5. Include rhetorical questions in your writing.
6. Do not be afraid to use the passive voice in writing.

5
What’s your status update? What social media platform do you often use? Imagine that you
are posting something on that social media platform. Write an expository or argumentative reaction
post of not more than 240 characters about the COVID-19 pandemic. Don’t forget to apply the
concepts that you have learned in this lesson. Use conjunctions, modal verbs and modal adverbs.
Express your ideas and thoughts both in the active or passive voice.

___________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

<a href="https://www.freepik.com/free-photos-
vectors/logo">Logo vector created by quinky -
240 www.freepik.com</a>

CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING WRITTEN OUTPUT

20 15 10
Introduces topic Topic was clearly Topic was mentioned Topic was not
stated that reader can in the written text. mentioned.
easily understand
Uses facts and Supports topic Limited information No facts and other
definitions skillfully with truthful and details were used details weren’t used
information, examples to supports the topic. to support the topic.
and details.
Organization Organizes information Details and There is no paragraph
into clear paragraph information were structure that was
structure. Uses Modal organized but used created since details
verbs and Modal into incomplete and information was
adverbs to connect paragraph structure. not organized.
ideas.
Provides Conclusion Proper and strong Concluding sentence There is no
transition of was weakly present concluding sentence.
concluding sentence on the text.
was presented on the
text.
Grammar and Usage of correct Minimal error in Lots of error in
Mechanics grammar was grammar, spelling and grammar, spelling and
observed. Spelling punctuation usage punctuation usage
and punctuations were was observed. was observed.
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 used correctly.
Source: https://images.app.goo.gl/ejuhHtXq4JtxmvdK8

Multiple Choice. Complete the statements below by choosing the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answers on the spaces provided before each number.

________ 1. __________ refers to the comprehensive explanation of ideas through describing and
providing specific details.
A. Argument B. Declarative C. Exposition D. Rhetorical
________ 2. The following are the parts of an expository writing EXCEPT for __________.
A. restatement of position C. declarative
B. statement of position D. argument
________ 3. “We can overcome this pandemic as long as we help each other.” The underlined word in
the sentence is an example of a __________.
A. modal adverbs B. modal verbs C. both A and B D. none of these
________ 4. “Relief bags are distributed by the Barangay officials.” This sentence is an example of a
__________ voice.
A. active B. loud C. passive D. silent
________ 5. __________ voice is the voice of the verb wherein the object or the receiver of the action is
given more emphasis and importance than the doer or the subject.
B. Active B. Loud C. Passive D. Silent
________ 6. When we want to present and give ideas, we express it using __________ sentences.
A. declarative B. imperative C. interrogative D. exclamatory
________ 7. After, and, before, but, and so are common examples of __________.
A. conjunctions B. modals C. nouns D. prepositions
________ 8. We usually put __________ questions on our introduction to catch the reader’s interest or to
put them into thinking.
A. argumentative B. declarative C. exposition D. rhetorical
________ 9. In writing exposition and arguments, we have to avoid using __________ words.
A. formal B. foul C. nice D. slang
________ 10. “Blended Learning: A Parent, A Student, and A Teacher’s Point of View” This title is a
best example for an __________ writing.
A. argumentative B. expository C. literary D. narrative

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Post your thoughts! On your social media account (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, etc.), express your
understanding about today’s lesson. Share your feelings towards it. You may use the pattern below.

Today, I have learned that _________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________.

I felt (happy, sad, excited, confident, nervous) after this lesson because _____________________

____________________________________________________________________________________.

I think I can use it in _____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________.

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ANSWER SHEET

PRE-TEST: Write (T) for TRUE and (F) for FALSE.

1) _____
2) _____
3) _____
4) _____
5) _____

Activity 1.1 CONJUCTIONS. Choose one. Encircle your answer.

1. (Not only , Whether )
2. ( after , before )
3. ( and , or )
4. ( because , so )
5. ( once , therefore )

Activity 1.2 Write A for ACTIVE or P for PASSIVE.

________ 1.
________ 2.
________ 3.
________ 4.
________ 5.

Activity 1.3 PART BY PART! Directions: Below is a sample expository text already divided into parts.
Read, analyze and identify which among is the statement of position, argument, and restatement of
position (15 points).

Is learning possible during Covid-19? The pandemic Corona

Virus Disease 2019, known as Covid-19 kills and frightens people all
across the country. Lots of precautionary measures are being
implemented to protect people from the disease. However, the
Department of Education strongly suggests continuing learning process
thru online learning, but several issues arise after gathering the result of
the survey.

First, not all parents can afford the technology needed for their
children. Second, internet stability is another major concern. And lastly,
most of the parents don’t have time to teach and guide their children at
home because most of them are working hard to provide for the family’s
needs especially at this trying times. To lessen the dread, DepEd came
up of a blended-learning approach in which students will be using a
combination of modules and online learning, for those who have, for
learning.

In spite all of this, everyone is positive that education can

surpass the challenges brought by this pandemic as President Rodrigo
Roa Duterte oaths to scrape the bottom of the barrel to support DepEd’s
program.

9
Check Your Understanding
What’s your status update? What social media platform do you often use? Imagine that you are posting
something on that social media platform. Write an expository or argumentative reaction post of not more
than 240 characters about the COVID-19 pandemic. Don’t forget to apply the concepts that you have
learned in this lesson. Use conjunctions, modal verbs and modal adverbs. Express your ideas and thoughts
both in the active or passive voice.

___________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

<a href="https://www.freepik.com/free-photos-
vectors/logo">Logo vector created by quinky -
240 www.freepik.com</a>

Post-test. Write the letter of your answers here.

1) ______ 6) ______
2) ______ 7) ______
3) ______ 8) ______
4) ______ 9) ______
5) ______ 10) ______

REFLECTION:
Post your thoughts! On your social media account (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, etc.), express your
understanding about today’s lesson. Share your feelings towards it. You may use the pattern below.

Today, I have learned that _________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________.

I felt (happy, sad, excited, confident, nervous) after this lesson because _____________________

____________________________________________________________________________________.

I think I can use it in _____________________________________________________________

10