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Writing Task 2 Intro

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42 views10 pages

Writing Task 2 Intro

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sharon sie
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Writing Task 2 ‘Write an essay to develop an argument, express a point of view or solve a problem. Time :40 minutes Length : 250 words minimum, What skills are needed? - Read and understand the essay question ~ Generate ideas on the topic = Organize your ideas into paragraphs = Write clearly and accurately in an academic style Such as: 1. Write the word fully, no abbreviation. Don't > Do not I'm listening > | am listening 2. Useno symbols: & “..” 21 3. Try not to use we, us, our, you, your, and change it to people, persons, person, individual, individuals, children, school children or depends on the subject in the IELTS writing question. 4. IV In my opinion/ | think, you can write this in introduction or conclusion, 5. Use indentation to differentiate the paragraph. (leave blank space) What is the examiner looking for? ‘The assessment criteria are: 1. Task Response: how appropriately, accurately, and relevantly the response to fulfill the requirement of the task. Responses must be at least 250 words in length. This also refers to candidate's ability to formulate and develop a position in relation to a question or statement. Is your viewpoint developed clearly and appropriately with enough relevant ideas and supporting examples? 2. Coherence/Cohesion: this criterion refers to the overall clarity and fluency of the message, how the response organizes and links information, ideas, and language. Coherence refers to the linking of ideas through logical sequencing. Cohesion refers to the varied and appropriate use of cohesive devices (for example, logical connectors, pronouns, and conjunctions) to assist in making the relationship between and within sentences clear. 3. Lexical Resource: Is your vocabulary appropriate, varied, and accurate? 4, Grammatical Range and Accuracy: it refers to the range and accurate use of the candidate's grammatical resource at sentence level. 1/@fredriknael & @onnyta Types of Essay Before writing an essay, you need to analyse the task that is given because each type of essay needs different way to explain the idea. You have to read and underline the key words related to the topic and the task, as well as explaining the main terms in introduction, 1. Problem/Solution Usually the task words are: = What can be done to solve wun? - How can this problem be addressed? What challenges ...? What strategies .. ‘You need to explain two or three aspects of the issue, which of each becomes the main idea of each body paragraph. You also need to suggest some solutions or make some recommendations. 2. Two Sides of Argument Usually the task words are: + Discuss ~ Compare/contrast - Advantages/disadvantages You should give balanced presentation, which means you should write equally about both sides of the issue. Furthermore, in the conclusion, you could indicate your position. 3. Agree or Disagree Usually the task words are: - Do you agree or disagree? Why? = Explain your position. = Justify your opinion. You need to take a position either agree or disagree and defend it strongly. You should give some reasons to support the arguments, which of each is the main idea of each body paragraph. 4, Evaluate an Argument Usually the task words are: + Towhat extent...? + How important ....? - What do you think? You will probably take @ position which is neither in total agreement (100%) nor total disagreement (0%), but somewhere in between. Hence, you need to explain why. 5. Make Choices and Justify Usually the task words are: ~ From options A, B, C, D, E, etc., choose 3 most important. Justify your choices. This is the most uncommon type in academic writing, but usually found in general writing, Each of the choices becomes the main idea of each body paragraph and you have to give reasons for choosing in the order. 2/@fredriknael & @onnyta ‘The Organization of the Essay Introduction (1 short paragraph) This paragraph consists of general statements about the topic and followed by thesis statement (what you are going to write about or what position you intend to take on the questions). Body (2-4 paragraphs) Begin each paragraph of the body by using linking word and continue with a topic sentence (main idea), then provide explanation and example or evidence to support the idea. Conclusion (1 short paragraph) ‘Summarize, but do not repeat the main ideas. Include recommendation if necessary or re-(state) your Position, to bring the essay toa close. Plan Your Essay '* Agood answer is more important than a fast one, so don’t worry about time first. ‘* itis more important to plan carefully and write a good answer. ‘+ The more you practice, the faster amd more proficient you will become. REMEMBER! First plan WHAT you want to say: How many paragraphs What supporting evidence/ideas to include What order to put them in ‘Then focus on HOW to say it. As you write, think about: Grammar Vocabulary Spelling Punctuation DON’T TRY TO DO BOTH AT ONCE! 3/@fredriknael & @onnyta EXAMPLES Many people keep dogs and cats as companions. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of pet ownership for the owner itself. Plan what you will write! Advantages : Pets bring joy The owner does not easily feeling lonely Help the owner get out from stressful activity Disadvantages + Big loss of money ‘Spend too much time Example of introduction Example 1 These days, a lot of people have dogs and cats as their pets. There is a thought saying that owning pets will bring joy to daily life because they could accompany someone on saturating moments and help from stressful activities. On the other hand, some exclaim that pet ownership could be a big loss as well, considering the amount of time and money that will cost the owner. General Statement: These days, a lot of people have dogs and cats as their pets. Example 2 ‘A companion could be raised from an existence of something or someone. Instead of being a playmate for the owner, a presence of pets such as dogs or cats could also give many other benefits. However, there are also a number of problems associated with pet ownership for the owner. General Statement: A companion could be raised from an existence of something or someone. Example of Conclusion In conclusion, although by playing with dogs and cats, a person can probably feel joy and relaxed, he or she could not forget that keeping pets requires him or her to spend money and time. 4|@fredriknael © @onnyta ‘Many people keep dogs and cats as companions. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of pet ownership for the animals involved and for the community as a whole. Gonerat Gaterent Dogs and cats can be wonderful companions but there are also a IN RUC TON : + number of problems associated with pet ownership, both for the Inecit animals and for the community. Staterrent "" In the best situations pets are fed, cared for and loved as part of a family. It is easy to see how much attention is given to pets, by the For Aritials range of products available in the pet section of supermarkets. In Fors return, cats and dogs contribute to the well being of the ADVANTAGES, community in many ways. Dogs are useful for protection and serve Jor as guides for the disabled. People with pets are not only happier Reople. and healthier, but may even lve longer. Thus, the animals benefit individuals and the community as well Bovy. There are, however, also negative aspects for the pets and for the fre community. The freedoms of both dogs and cats are increasingly N restricted. In Australia, there is community pressure to force [ Animals owners to keep cats inside at night to protect native birds and fora. animals, Dogs can no longer run free in parks and at the beach but DIsapvarttAGES must be kept on the leads. These restrictions have been imposed by the community to protect the public. in addition, pet owners For are required to clean up after their dogs. Parks and beaches often (eople provide plastic bags for this purpose. The community also has to pick up the costs of dogs and cats that have been abandoned by irresponsible owners. In conclusion, the relationship between pets and the community is, | a complex one. More and more the community is intervening to force pet owners to restrict the activities and freedom of their pets. Still, responsible owners, prepared to give adequate time and attention to their cats and dogs, can give them a good and | happy life. Concussion: Guarery 4 6|@fredriknacl & @onnyta Example of the types of essay Every country has poor people and every country has different ways of dealing with the poor. What are some of the reasons for poverty? What can we do to help the poor? Genera | Statement’) THTRovucTION : < \ Thesis 4 Graterxent [ Pain ‘ dea! RC | Resort centonce | fora. Main J Para idea BODY i RGN HD main f dea | Par ~ ff Pars, 6 | c Pas aces «|S TRATESIES ak ed ConcLusion + Guamary - Even in developed countries, a degree of poverty exists. However, in many developing countries poverty is a major problem, and the number of poor people continues to increase. There are various factors that cause poverty and these need to be addressed to help the poor. The first factor influencing world poverty is the current global economic system. This system reinforces inequality between ri ‘and poor people since it allows resources to be distributed unequally amongst people. In addition, the global economic system can favour the investment strategies of large transnational corporations, which often pay their workers sub-standard wages. Another reason for world poverty is illiteracy. Many people around the world do not have access to education, and as a result do not learn to read or write. They are, therefore, precluded from well-paid employment and so cannot improve their living conditions. In order to provide help for the world’s poor, these problems need to be addressed. Firstly, the international community has to establish a fairer economic system in which the wealth of each country can be shared equitably amongst its people. Moreover, all countries around the world should make it a priority to eradicate illiteracy by providing comprehensive education for all citizens so that everyone is equally capable of improving their living standards via access to education. To conclude, it can be said that poverty will probably always exist. Nevertheless, countries around the world can take actions to reduce poverty by ensuring that there is a fair distribution of wealth amongst people, and by making sure that all people have access to education. 5/@fredriknael © @onnyta The car is a disastrous 20th Century invention that has made the world’s cities more dangerous and polluted, as well as being responsible for the deaths of millions of people in accidents. Do you agree or disagree? Booy Main ea REASON #2 Be td wo ur Cotcuioris OY ) Restate | sition ‘The car has certainly had some negative publicity in recent decades. Automobiles have been blamed for many of the problems that affect the cities, such as air pollution, traffic accidents, and the disappearance of traditional communities. Although the statement is a controversial one, I have to agree that the automobile has been a disastrous invention. Firstly, there is no doubt that cities have been transformed by cars, with mostly negative consequences. The streets of most European cities, for example, were built long before the invention of the automobile and were never designed for heavy traffic. As a result, narrow roads are crowded with vehicles, while pedestrians are restricted to pavements for their own safety. The fact that some cities have banned cars and pedestrianised their urban centres is a clear indicator that automobiles pose a danger to cities. Furthermore, in both urban and rural areas, cars are proved deadly to human beings. Not only are thousands of people killed each year in road accidents, but there are also long-term health problems caused by vehicle emissions. The automobile industry has tried to respond to both problems with the development of car safety features and cleaner engines, but even these gains are offset by the increasing number of people worldwide who want to drive. Therefore, it is no exaggeration to say that the cult of vehicle ownership has become a monster beyond human's control. In conclusion, despite widespread advertising that tries to persuade people that cars bestow status and freedom, the truth is actually that cars have been detrimental to the lifestyles and for many decades. 71@fredriknael & @onnyta In some countries, an increasing number of people are suffering from health problems as a result of eating too much fast food. It is therefore necessary for governments to impose a higher tax on this kind of food. ‘To what extent do you agree or disagree? \ The growth of the fast food industry has, without doubt, impacted Generar on the eating habits and the health of many societies around the Suction 1 Sitlement world. Diabetes, high cholesterol, heart and respiratory problems Jest | are all on the rise due to fatty and sugar-rich food. However, the “Thesis | question is whether higher tax would improve this situation or Fatement | not. vJcar {From an economic point of view, higher tax might seem sensible. ( In countries such as the USA, Australia and Britain, the healthcare for. 5 y system spends a large part of its budget on people with diet- REASONS $ “related health problems. It could be argued that these people w at j have caused their own illnesses because of their choice of food. In AGREE [& 5 | this case, they should not expect the state to pay for their treatment. The tax could help fund the healthcare system. Bory Main j However, we also need to consider which socio-economic group consumes fast food as the main part of their diet. Statistics (( indicate that lower income groups eat more of this food than | wealthier people. One possible reason for this is that fast food is far cheaper than fresh produce. This is because many 2 5 / governments offer large subsidies to farmers who provide x o ) products for the fast food industry, such as corn, wheat and beef. | Fruit and vegetables, on the other hand, are not subsidised. |Research suggests that many families simply cannot afford to buy | healthy food or pay higher taxes on fast food. For them, fast food (isnot a choice but a necessity. (| tn conclusion, | believe that imposing a higher tax on fast food X29 | does not seem to be the answer. If the government chose to do Stake, it would only lead to greater poverty and families facing Position, further hardship. CONcLUsion < 81@fredriknael & @onnyta Some people believe the aim of university education is to help graduates get better jobs. Others believe there are much wider benefits of university education for both individuals and society. Discuss both views and give you own opinion. Leneral eur\ \mrodactony, Seine AWs Gralomon poregaga = AStVg | | vwby LL paragragh 2 rd Ny Conclusion = Give your oyivioy ‘These days, more and more people are making the choice to go to University. While some people are of the opinion that the only Purpose of 2 university education is to improve job prospects, ‘others think that society and the individual benefit in much broader ways. It is certainly true that one of the main aims of university is to secure a better job. The majority of people want to improve their future career prospects and attending university is one of the best ways to do this as it increases a person's marketable skills and attractiveness to potential employers. In addition, further education is very expensive for many people, so most would not consider it if it would not provide them with a more secure future and a higher standard of living. Thus job prospects are very important. However, there are other benefits for individuals and society. Firstly, the independence of living away from home is a benefit because it helps the students develop better social skills and improve as a person. A case in point is that many students will have to leave their families, live in halls of residence and meet new friends. As a result, their maturity and confidence will grow enabling them to live more fulfilling lives. Secondly, society will gain from the contribution that the graduates can make to the economy. We are living in a very competitive world, so countries need educated people in order to compete and prosper. Therefore, in conlusion, | believe that although a main aim of University education is to get the best job, there are clearly further benefits. If people continue to promote and encourage university attendance, it will lead to a better future for individuals and society. Common connective words Familiarity with these words would be useful in all IELTS test modules. Common conneetive words indicating: Addition Sequence Consequence Contrast in addition first(ly) asa result however and initially thus on the other hand similarly second(ly) ete. | so despite likewise to begin with therefore in spite of as well as, then consequently though besides next it follows that although furthermore earlier/ later thereby but also after this/that eventually on the contrary moreover following thisthat | then otherwise and then afterwards in that case yet | too admittedly instead of not only ... but rather | even whereas besides this/that nonetheless Certainty Condition Definition ven'though compared with obviously if is amare certainly unless refers to elternalively plainly whether means vesticties of course provided that that is undoubtedly for consists of so that whether depending on Example Reason ‘Time Summary for instance since before in conclusion one example as since | in summary for example so as lastly just as because (of) until | finally in particular due to meanwhile | to sum up such as owing to atthe moment —_| to conclude namely the reason why | when to recapitulate to illustrate in other words | whenever in short leads to as soon as cause just as 9/@fredriknael & @onnyta

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