Fire Proofing Specification
Fire Proofing Specification
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STANDARD SPECIFICATION
CIVIL & STRUCTURAL WORKS
PASSIVE FIREPROOFING
OF STEEL STRUCTURES
(HYDROCARBON POOL FIRE)
Abbreviations:
AS : Australian Standard
ASTM : American Society for Testing & Materials
BS British Standard
DFT Dry Film Thickness
IS Indian Standards
OISD : Oil Industry Safety Directorate
UL Underwriters' Laboratory
QAP Quality Assurance Plan
Special Invitees:
CONTENTS
1.0 SCOPE .4
2.0 REFERENCES 4
3.0 DESIGN BASIS 4
4.0 FIREPROOFING SYSTEM AND MATERIALS 5
5.0 SURFACE PREPARATION 7
6.0 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR FIRE PROOFING 8
7.0 APPLICATION METHOD 9
8.0 SCAFFOLDING & FORM WORK 10
9.0 FINISHING AND JOINT SEALING 10
10.0 TESTING REQUIREMENTS 10
11.0 PAYMENT 11
ANNEXURES 12-15
ATTACHMENT ..16
1.0 SCOPE
This specification covers the general requirements of passive fire protection of external steel
structures against hydrocarbon pool fire. Structural steel members shall be fire proofed for 2
hours such that the protected steel substrate temperature shall be restricted to 538°C, whereas in
case of equipment skirts/ saddles/ supports the steel temperature shall be restricted to 427°C.
Following fireproofing materials and systems have been covered in this standard:
a) Type-I : In-situ cement concrete of minimum M30 Grade (for application up to 1.8m
from grade level for steel structures)
b) Type-II: Spray applied vermiculite based lightweight cementitiuos concrete (for application
above 1.8m of grade level for steel structures)
c) Type-Ill: Spray applied vermiculite based lightweight cementitiuos concrete (for application
over equipment skirts/ saddles/ supports)
2.0 REFERENCES
Fire resistance of a material is defined by fire rating, evaluated through a fire test based on
applied thickness and time taken to reach the defined critical steel temperature. Fire rating
adopted in the present standard is based on UL-1709 rapid rise fire tests of protection materials
for structural steel, conducted by Underwriters Laboratory, USA. In this test, fire resistance of a
material is evaluated on a W10x49 steel column as per UL-1709 fire curve and fire rating is
published in a UL design number under XR category for thickness and time. In addition to the
fire rating, under this test, material for exterior use is also evaluated for accelerated ageing, high
humidity, salt spray, wet-freeze-dry cycling, acid spray, solvent spray etc.
a) Type-I : In-situ cement concrete for application up to 1.8m from grade level for steel
structures shall be applied with minimum 65mm thickness.
b) Type-II : Structural steel members such as column, beam etc. which shall be protected for 2
hours from reaching critical temperature 538°C, shall be applied with vermiculite
based lightweight cementitious fireproof of thickness corresponding to 2 hours
fire rating as per respective UL design number under UL-1709 (XR category)
subject to a minimum of 30mm.
c) Type-III : For equipment skirts/ saddles/ supports (which shall be protected for 2 hours from
reaching critical temperature 427°C), 2 hours fire rating as per UL design is not
adequate as the UL-1709 test is based on 538°C critical temperature. Therefore for
the required fire protection from reaching 427°C, higher thickness shall be
necessary. For this, fireproof thickness corresponding to 3 hours fire rating as per
respective UL design number under UL-1709 (XR category) shall be adopted
subject to a minimum of 30mm.
All materials to be used shall conform to the requirements of UL-1709/ respective BIS codes/
respective acceptance criteria (as applicable). Materials shall meet the minimum acceptance
criteria given under this section. Samples, test results and approval certificates for all materials
shall be submitted and got approved from the Engineer-in-Charge before execution of work.
• Primer
• Reinforcing system
• Fireproof coating as per UL-1709
• Curing
• Water shed sealing at terminating edges/ metal joints
• Weather barrier finish coat
b) In-situ cement concrete fireproofing system shall have following compatible components:
• Primer
• Reinforcing system
• Cement concrete
• Curing
• Water shed sealing at terminating edges/ metal joints
• Weather barrier finish coat
Vermiculite based lightweight cementitious fireproof material shall be UL certified for UL-1709
(Rapid rise fire test of protection materials for structural steels), UL classified under XR
category and covered under UL follow up service (indicated by UL mark/ sticker on the
packing). For list of UL certified materials. UL website (www.ul.com) shall be referred. The
essential criteria for the material shall be:
The material shall be factory-blended, supplied in single component pre-mixed dry form, non-
flaking and non-dusting suitable for spray-application, with added mold and fungi inhibitor.
Material shall not contain asbestos & mineral wool and shall not contain more than 1% Sulphate
(expressed in SO3). The material shall be free from toxicity release when subjected to heat.
In addition to the UL-1709 certificate, the contractor shall supply test certificate covering the
information for the supplied batches of material as per Attachment-I.
Fire proofing materials shall be stored in well ventilated, dry place away from source of heat &
direct sunlight. Special storage requirements such as temperature, humidity, stacking height, etc.
as per manufacturer's specifications shall be ensured.
4.2 Reinforcement (for both Vermiculite based cementitious and In-situ concrete)
Expanded metal steel sheet shall conform to IS:412, galvanized (having minimum zinc coating
of 250 g/m2) and shall weigh minimum 1.84 Kg/m2. Size of the mesh shall be 4.5x13.5mm.
Welded wire fabric to be used as reinforcement, shall conform to IS:1566 and shall be post weld
hot dipped galvanized having minimum zinc coating of 250 g/in' of uncoated wire surface.
Mesh size shall be 50mmx5Omm and thickness of wire shall be 2mm (Minimum).
4.2.3 Attachments
MS Tie wires shall be minimum 16 SWG and galvanized (having minimum zinc coating of
100 g/m2).
c) Cover plates
d) Cover blocks
Cover blocks shall be prepared in cement coarse sand mortar (1:3) with minimum
50mmx50mm size of thickness equal to half of the fireproofing thickness with MS Tie wire
of sufficient length protruding from them for tying with the wire fabric.
4.3 Curing Compounds (for both Vermiculite based cementitious and In-situ concrete)
Membrane curing may be used in lieu of moist curing with the permission of the
Engineer-in-Charge. Such compounds shall be compatible and applied to all exposed surfaces by
spraying or brushing as soon as possible after the material has set. Minimum film thickness of
such curing compounds shall be as per the recommendation of the manufacturer so as to obtain
an efficiency of 90% as specified by BS-8110. This film of curing compound shall be fully
removed from the surface after the specified curing period.
4.4 Water Shed Sealing at Terminating Edges/ Metal Joints (for both Vermiculite based
cementitious and In-situ concrete)
All termination of the fireproofing and steel junctions shall be sealed by non-bituminous
polysulfide or silicon rubber mastic sealant. The sealing compound shall be compatible and
approved by fireproofing material supplier.
4.5 Weather Barrier Finish Coat (for both Vermiculite based cementitious and In-situ
concrete)
a) Sealer Coat
A sealer coat of epoxy polyamide shall be applied over the fireproofing surface as a base for
the finish coat. The sealing compound shall be compatible and approved by fireproofing
material supplier.
b) Finish Coat
The finish coat shall be pre-qualified for coating system No. 1 of NORSOK Standard
M-501. Two coats of acrylic elastomeric or polyurethane coating shall be used as finish
coat. The sealing compound shall be compatible and approved by fireproofing material
supplier.
4.6 Water
4.7.1 Cement
Fireproofing of all structures in Sulphur handling units shall necessarily be by using Sulphate
resisting Portland cement conforming to IS:12330.
4.7.2 Aggregates
Fine aggregates shall conform to the requirements specified in EIL Specification No.
6-68-0004. Sand conforming to Zone IV shall not be used.
b) Coarse aggregates
Coarse aggregates shall conform to the requirements specified in EIL Specification No.
6-68-0004. Maximum size of aggregates shall be lOmm.
4.7.3 Admixture
Admixture shall conform to IS:9103. The admixture shall be mixed with concrete strictly as per
manufacturer's recommendation and shall also meet the requirements of IS:456.
Before starting the work, the contractor shall furnish the information about fireproofing material
as detailed in Attachment-I.
All steel surfaces to be in contact with the fire proofing coating material, shall be cleaned of all
oil, grease, loose rust, scales and dust by using wire brushing and washing using detergents.
MS Nuts of M10 dia bolts shall be welded only to the equipment skirts/legs, angles and box
sections to be fire proofed. Maximum spacing of nuts shall be 300mm centre to centre in
staggered fashion. Nuts shall not be welded to the equipment skirts (to be welded by equipment
fabricator); unless directed by Engineer-in-Charge. Primer paint shall be applied to the MS nuts
and affected surfaces of the members due to welding after proper cleaning. Primer paint shall be
compatible with the primer already applied to the steel members.
Cover blocks shall be tied with the wire fabric at 300mm centre to centre along the span and at
suitable locations along the periphery' of the member. The whole arrangement shall be placed
over the Metal sheet/ lath and shall be held in position with the help of MS Tie wires wrapped at
cover block locations. Cover blocks shall not be used over equipment skirts/legs, angles and box
sections.
Metal sheet shall be kept in position true to line and face, and shall be attached firmly to
structural steel member by tack welding or with the help of clips and MS Tie wire at 300mm
centre to centre. Minimum lap of 75mm shall be provided wherever required, however laps
shall be avoided at bends. Metal sheet shall be supported with 3mm thick stiffener at the centre
in case depth of steel section exceeds 600mm. These stiffeners shall be placed at 600mm c/c
(maximum). Strands of the expanded metal steel sheet shall slope inwards & downwards.
Wire fabric shall be placed in the middle of coated material thickness. It shall be bent
confirming with outlines of finished encasement and rigidly secured in place by tie wire with all
the nuts or the cover blocks as the case may be. Minimum lap at ends and sides shall be 100mm
and lapped wire fabric shall be tied firmly.
6.1.1 Vermiculite based cementitious coating material shall meet the design requirements as specified
under clause 3.0 & 4.0.
6.1.2 The coating shall be non corrosive to the steel members & shall not be affected by
environmental conditions, whether natural or from local leaks, spillage or pollution. It shall also
be asbestos free.
6.1.3 The coating shall be able to withstand both thermal shock and impingement of water from fire
hoses and/or monitors.
6.1.5 Application procedure of the coating shall be easy, non hazardous and also shall not interfere
with the working of the adjoining areas.
6.2.1 Concrete mixing and placing shall be done as per EIL specification No. 6-68-0004.
6.2.2 Steel structures shall be fire proofed with concrete up to a minimum height of 1.8m from grade
for protection against mechanical damage or as directed by the Engineer-in-Charge. A suitable
slope of about 30° shall be provided at the junction of concrete and vermiculite based
cementitious fireproofing material to avoid accumulation of water.
6.2.3 Concrete shall be poured into well made forms properly oiled and made to correct dimensions.
Concrete shall be vibrated as necessary to ensure smooth surface, free from voids and
irregularities. Any defects, honeycomb etc. shall be made good by contractor at his own cost.
6.2.4 Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) conforming to EIL Specification No. 6-68-0019 can also be
used which do not require vibrators.
a) Application of fire proofing material coating shall be carried out by skilled and experienced
applicators.
b) Before start of application, pipes and equipments in the vicinity shall be covered with
polythene/ tarpaulin to protect them against damage. Open end of pipes shall be covered
with wooden plugs or with other suitable shielding materials.
c) Steel sections shall be covered with metal steel sheet/ lath before application of fire proofing
material. For equipment skirts/ saddles/ supports, the coating material shall be applied in
horizontal bands working upwards from the bottom of skirts/ saddles/ supports base plate.
All outside edges of the fire proofing shall be champhered by 20mm (Refer relevant
Annexures).
d) Thickness of fire proof coating shall be established by providing ground wires both in
vertical and horizontal directions. Ground wires shall be tight and true to line, and placed in
such a manner that they can be further tightened if required.
e) The fire proofing material, after application, shall be cured by keeping it in moist condition
for atleast 7 days (or as per vendor requirement) or else the surface shall be coated with a
membrane of approved curing compound. Brand name, name of manufacturer, test results
and method of application shall be submitted to and got approved from the Engineer-in-
Charge prior to procurement of curing compound.
7.1.1 The contractor responsible for fireproofing application shall be certified by the fireproofing
material vendor. Further, the application crew shall be pre-qualified through a mock application
to establish their skill to meet desired quality parameters. Application tools and machineries
shall also be approved by the fireproofing material vendor. The mock-up shall be demonstrated
on a test surface resembling the actual application conditions to ascertain skill of the applicator.
Installation surface shall be inspected within one hour of application for any shrinkage/ gaps/
cracks. Incase defects observed, the mixture and the method of application shall be adjusted for
successful mock-up.
Parameters maintained in successful mock-up i.e. mixing time, application methods etc. shall be
followed during actual application.
7.1.2 Vermiculite based cementitious material shall be mixed with water on a clean platform or in a
clean mixing box or in a suitable mixer as per manufacturer's specification. Water cement ratio
shall be adjusted so that vermiculite based cementitious coating adheres properly to steel surface
and does not sag or slide upon application.
7.1.3 Primer compatible with the vermiculite based cementitious coating shall be applied over the
steel surface after cleaning the shop primer if required as per the manufacturer's specification. If
primer as per manufacturer specification is not available then inorganic/ organic zinc rich primer
shall be used and applied with minimum two coats @ 65-90 micron DFT per coat.
7.1.4 Mixed vermiculite based cementitious coating shall generally be applied, over the steel surface,
with the help of spray gun except for small areas and inaccessible location, where application
with conventional hand tools shall be permitted. Mixed vermiculite based cementitious coating
shall be used within the pot life specified by the manufacturer. Under no circumstance rebound
material shall be used.
7.1.5 Parameters like water quality, % water addition, wet density check at mixer discharge and spray
head, slump test and other operating parameters like air pressure etc. shall be checked during
application to ensure achievement of specified quality parameters.
7.1.6 Minimum thickness of fire proofing coating as specified under clause 3.1 shall be maintained.
7.1.7 Application of mixed vermiculite based cementitious coating shall not be carried out if the air
temperature or the temperature of the surface to be fire proofed is 4°C or less. Provision shall be
made for adequate ventilation during and after application, until the coating is dry.
7.1.8 All patching of damaged fireproofing work shall be done by the contractor certified by the
fireproofing material vendor.
8.1 The Contractor shall arrange all approaches, scaffolding, stair ways, ladder, working platform
etc, for carrying out the entire works safely. The working area shall be neatly maintained and all
the facilities required by Engineer-in-Charge for proper supervision of the work shall be
provided. In case, any special precaution is needed for the safety of the structure till the
completion of application, the Contractor shall make and provide all such arrangement to the
complete satisfaction of the Engineer-in-Charge and shall remove the same after completion of
works.
8.2 Form work shall be adequately supported and braced to protect against deformation on account
of vibration during the application. Forms shall be oiled, dampened and cleaned before use. All
other requirements pertaining to the form work shall be as per EIL specification No. 6-68-0004.
In-situ concrete/ Vermiculite based cementitious fireproof coating shall be protected from
weather damage by means of suitable coating. The weather barrier coat shall be applied after full
curing (after a gap of min 28 days) and drying of the fire proofing coating. A sealer coat of
epoxy polyamide @ 50-7511 DFT shall be applied over the fireproofing surface as a base for the
finish coat. The finish coat shall be UV resistant, suitable to withstand mechanical abrasion/ air
erosion, shall be pre-qualified for coating system No.1 of NORSOK Standard M-501. Two coats
of acrylic elastomeric or polyurethane coating shall be used as finish coat @ 100-125 µ DFT per
coat. Number of coats shall be increased in case desired DFT not achieved. The coating system
for finish coat shall be compatible and approved by fireproofing material vendor.
All termination of vermiculite based cementitious fireproofing and steel junctions shall be
sloped to shed water and sealed by non-bituminous polysulfide or silicon rubber mastic sealant
to prevent water ingress into the fireproofing from these joints. The sealing shall be applied by
cutting a U shaped groove approx 10mm deep and 10mm wide in to the fireproofing
immediately adjacent to the junction. The sealing compound shall be approved by fireproofing
material vendor.
Test samples shall be taken during application of coating, which shall be tested for bulk density
and compressive strength as per applicable standards. Hardness of the finish surface after curing
shall be measured by Shore D Durometer.
Testing of specimens and their Acceptance criteria shall be as per EIL specification No.
6-68-0004.
11.0 PAYMENT
11.1 Payment shall be made on square metre (m2 ) basis measured at the periphery of the actual
finished work or as calculated from construction drawing whichever is less.
11.2 The rate quoted shall be inclusive of all labour, material, formwork, plant & tools etc. required
for the successful and satisfactory completion of work including curing, curing compound,
admixtures, all cleaning operations before and after the work, preparation of the surface as
specified, primer paint to MS nuts and affected surfaces of members due to welding and
applying the primer coat if recommend by the manufacturer compatible with the primer already
applied, finishing the surface smooth, painting the surface with sealer coat and weather barrier
finish coats & sealing the joints with sealing compounds, providing required access, working
platforms, props, scaffolding and other safety measures including their removal after
completion.
11.3 The rate shall also be inclusive of supplying and welding of nuts, wherever required on
Structural Steel and equipment skirts/ saddles/ legs/ supports and fixing of reinforcement with
nuts/ cover blocks by using tying wire, wrapping of tying wire around metal sheet for holding
the reinforcement over cover blocks, supplying and fixing of metal sheet/lath, wire fabric, cover
plates, stiffeners, cover blocks and other required accessories for satisfactory completion of the
work as specified and directed.
11.4 The rates quoted shall be inclusive of the tests specified and directed to establish the quality and
strength of materials.
v4 ✓ ANNEXURE-1
INSULATION
(TYP.) TANGENT LINE
SUPPORT RING
(BY VESSEL FABRICATOR)
INSULATION
(TYP.)
SUPPORT RING TANGENT LINE
(BY VESSEL FABRICATOR)
REINFORCEMENT (TYP.)
FIRE PROOF COATING
MATERIAL (TYP.)
SUPPORT RING /1
(BY VESSEL FABRICATOR) TANGENT LINE
REINFORCEMEIIT (TYP.)
FIRE PROOF COATING
MATERIAL (TYP.)
NOTES: -
1. OPENING FOR MANHOLE, VENT PIPES ETC. ARE NOT SHOWN IN THIS DRAWING.
2. f —— INDICATE THE FIRE PROOFING COATING THICKNESS.
ANNEXURE-2
INSULATION
INSULATION INSULATION
2N
R.S.JOIST (ISMB) LEG ANGLE (ISA) LEG PIPE LEG
ANNEXURE-3
FIRE PROOFING
REINFORCEMENT COATING MATERIAL
(TYP.) COVER BLOCKS
[I—SECTIONS] [CHANNELS]
REINFORCEMENT
COVER BLOCKS
ANNEXURE -4
FIRE PROOFING
REINFORCEMENT
COATING MATERIAL
(TYP.) WATER SHED
w SEALING
1:1 EXPANDED METAL
(TYP.)
STEEL SHEET
tf
COVER BLOCKS
COVER BLOCKS f
3THK STIFFENER FOR
MEMBER DEPTH >600
0 600c/c
[FOR I—SECTIONS] [FOR CHANNELS]
REINFORCEMENT
COVER BLOCKS
tf tf
Fnrmat No
Page 1953 ofRPV
2344
n Cnnur nht Fll - All rinhts rpservprl
STANDARD SPECIFICATION STANDARD SPECIFICATION No.
ENGINEERS PASSIVE FIRE PROOFING
$14-ar 25teg INDIA LIMITED 6-68-0033 Rev.7
IA Go11 of India Undertaking) OF STEEL STRUCTURES Page 16 of 16
ATTACHMENT-I
CONTRACTOR LIMITING
CHARACTERISTICS UNIT STANDARDS
TO SPECIFY VALUES
Material brand name - _ -
UL design number - XR - UL 1709
Manufacturer's certificate of
authorization submitted (in
case application by a - - -
contractor other than
fireproofing material vendor)
Fireproofing material is
covered under UL follow up _ _ _
service (products having UL
mark/ sticker on packing)
Loose material density kg/m3 — 400
Applied dry density kg/m3 700-800 ASTM E605
Compressive Strength kg/cm2 25-40 ASTM E761
Flexural strength kg/cm2 20-25 ASTM D790
Bond Strength kPa —500 ASTM E736
Bond Impact - Pass ASTM E760
Hardness (Shore-D) 28 days - 40 min ASTM D2240
Thermal conductivity at 20°C W/mK 0.19 ASTM C177
Flame spread - 0 ASTM E84
Smoke development - 0 ASTM E84
Air erosion gm/mm2 0 ASTM E859
Corrosion gm/mm2 0 ASTM E937
Fungal Resistance Pass ASTM G21
Sulphate content (S03%) <1%
Date :