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Turbine Wake

The document discusses wind turbine wakes and how the velocity deficit and turbulence in the wake region impact downstream turbines. Upstream turbines reduce the velocity and increase the turbulence intensity experienced by downstream turbines, reducing their power output.

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abraham_imam_muttaqin
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32 views

Turbine Wake

The document discusses wind turbine wakes and how the velocity deficit and turbulence in the wake region impact downstream turbines. Upstream turbines reduce the velocity and increase the turbulence intensity experienced by downstream turbines, reducing their power output.

Uploaded by

abraham_imam_muttaqin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WIND OR MARINE TURBINES

ISOLATED TURBINE WAKE


SINGLE TURBINE WAKE

© Vattenfall (http://corporate.vattenfall.com)
VELOCITY DEFICIT

V3 < V0

V0
VELOCITY DEFICIT

V(x) V0

V0
SHEAR TURBULENCE

<
x
< << <
< < <

V0 Near wake Far wake


FAR WAKE DIAMETER EXTEND LINEARLY

D3 D3+2kx

N.O. Jensen (1983)


MASS CONSERVATION

D3

x
V3

V3 πD23
MASS CONSERVATION

V0

D3 D3+2kx

x
V3 V(x)

V0

V3 πD23 + V0 π "#(D3 + 2kx)2 - D23 $% = V(x)π(D3 + 2kx)2

V3 + V0 !"(1+ 2kx / D3 )2 -1#$ = V(x)(1+ 2kx / D3 )2


VELOCITY DEFICIT

V0

D3 D3+2kx

x
V3 V(x)

V0

(V0 − V(x))(1+ 2kx / D3 )2 = V0 − V3


VELOCITY DEFICIT

V0
ΔV = V0 − V(x)
D3 D3+2kx

ΔV V0 − V3 V3 V(x) x
= (1+ 2kx / D3 )−2
V0 V0
V0
(V3, D3) = Fct (V0, DT) ?

ΔV(1+ 2kx / D)2 = V0 − V3


VELOCITY DEFICIT

Optimal Betz limit

V3 = V0 /3 D3 = 2 / 3 DT

ΔV V0 − V3
= (1+ 2kx / D3 )−2
V0 V0

ΔV 2
= (1+ 6 k x / DT )−2
V0 3
VELOCITY DEFICIT
Laboratory experiments
Generalized relation

V3 = F(CP) D3 ≈ DT
k ~ 0.03

ΔV
≈ F(C p )(1+ 2 k x / DT )−2
V0 k ~ 0.9
VELOCITY DEFICIT
Laboratory experiments
Generalized relation

V3 = F(CP) D3 ≈ DT

ΔV
≈ F(C p )(1+ 2 k x / DT )−2
V0

k = 0.03 - 0.1
Depends on:

Turbulence Intensity ( TI )
VELOCITY IN THE WAKE TI=5%

V/V0
y/D
x/D

90% V0

12-13 D
PhD P.Mycek https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00925229v2
TURBULENCE IN THE WAKE TI=5%

y/D

TI
x/D

90% V0

12-13 D
VELOCITY IN THE WAKE TI=25%

V/V0
y/D
x/D

90% V0

5-6D
TURBULENCE IN THE WAKE TI=25%

y/D

TI
x/D

90% V0

5-6D
IMPACT ON THE DOWNSTREAM TURBINES
T1 T2 T3

8-9D 8-9D
V0 V1= 0.85V0

8-9D
TI=5%
IMPACT ON THE DOWNSTREAM TURBINES

V0 V1= 0.85V0 V2=0.96V1

TI=5% TI=25% TI=25%

P0 P1 ~ 0.6P0 P2 ~ 0.53P0

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