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Simple Random Sampling

Simple random sampling is a method where every possible sample has an equal probability of being selected from the population. It occurs when all samples of a given size n have a probability of 1/N(n) of being selected, where N is the total population size. An example is given of a teacher randomly selecting 5 students out of a class of 20 for an experiment, with each group of 5 students having an equal 1/15,504 chance of being chosen. The key aspects of simple random sampling are that it gives an equal selection probability to all possible samples and aims to produce samples representative of the overall population.

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19 views

Simple Random Sampling

Simple random sampling is a method where every possible sample has an equal probability of being selected from the population. It occurs when all samples of a given size n have a probability of 1/N(n) of being selected, where N is the total population size. An example is given of a teacher randomly selecting 5 students out of a class of 20 for an experiment, with each group of 5 students having an equal 1/15,504 chance of being chosen. The key aspects of simple random sampling are that it gives an equal selection probability to all possible samples and aims to produce samples representative of the overall population.

Uploaded by

Nur Alia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Learn VEE Mathematical Stats 1 1.1 1.1.2 Simple Random Sampling

Simple Random Sampling

A sample that poorly represents the population of interest runs a large risk of producing poor inferences. As a result,
the method of sampling is an important process in the design of a statistical experiment.

Simple Random Sampling


One method of sampling is known as simple random sampling. Formally, let's define N as the population size, and
n as the sample size. Simple random sampling occurs when all possible samples have an equal probability to be
chosen from the population. Specifically, that probability is

( )
N
n

Consider the following illustration:

From a classroom of 20 students, a teacher chooses 5 students to be the sample for an experiment. From
20
combinatorics, there is a total of ( 5 ) = 15,504 different ways to pick the sample (i.e. 15,504 different sets of 5
1
students). A simple random sampling of 5 students is achieved if each way has a 15,504 chance of being the
sample.

EXAMPLE 1.1.1

For a behavioral study, a psychologist has a list of 48 volunteers. Each volunteer is assigned a number from 1 to 48.

In forming a group of four with simple random sampling, what is the probability that all four were assigned an even
number?

SOLUTION

There are
48
( ) = 194,580
4
possible ways to select four volunteers from 48 of them. Under a simple random sample, all possible groups have
1
the same probability, namely 194,580 , to be the chosen group.

There are 48 ÷ 2 = 24 even numbers from integers 1 to 48. The number of groups that have four even numbers is

24
( ) = 10,626
4

1
Since each of the 10,626 groups has a 194,580 probability, the answer is

10,626
= 0.0546
194,580

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Watch 1.1.1 Statistical Experiment Watch 1.1.2 Simple Random Sampling

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