Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region II – Cagayan Valley
Schools Division of Cagayan
Gonzaga West District
Gonzaga South Central School
Cagayan State University Grade FOUR
School
Gonzaga Campus Level
ELICOT, VANEZA JHOY D. Learning SCIENCE
Intern
Area
DETAILED LESSON Teaching March 29, 2023 Quarter 3rd Quarter
- Week
PLAN Date and 7
Time

I. OBJECTIVES
Content Standard The learner demonstrate understanding of how light, heat and sound travel
using various objects.
Performance Standard Demonstrate conceptual understanding of properties/characteristics of light,
heat and sound
Learning Investigate properties and characteristics of light and sound (S4FE-IIIh-5)
Competency/Objectives

Value Integration:

II. CONTENT TOPIC Properties and Characteristics of Light and Sound

III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
1.Teacher’s Guide pages
2. Learner’s Materials page
3. Additional Materials from Powerpoint, objects and paper cut outs.
learning Resource (LR)
Portal
B. Other Learning Resources

III. PROCEDURE TEACHER’S ACTIVITY PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

Preliminary activities:
1. Greetings:
Good morning class!
2. Prayer:
Before we begin may I ask all of you to
please stand for a short prayer.

A. Reviewing previous lesson or presenting the new lesson

ENGAGE Good day science explorers! It’s science
time!
Today we are going to explore the world
of science are you ready to explore the
wonders of light and sound? Yes ma’am

Great! But before we begin here are the

 objectives of our lesson today.

Investigate properties and characteristics

of light and sound.

Identify transparent, translucent and

opaque materials;
Describe how loud or soft sound are
produced; and
Infer that sound cold be reflected in the
form of an echo.

Light- allow us to see objects and colors

Sound- is the main form of
communication for us humans, without
sound we cannot hear and therefore we
will not be able to speak. Sound are also
used by animals for communication.

On the other hand heat is needed for

other activities like cooking, drying the
washed clothes, and warming your
bodies during the cold weather.

B. Establishing a purpose for the lesson

ENGAGE Now that we have finished reviewing
about light, sound and heat we will now
explore our new lesson but before we
start let us have first an activity entitled
FACT or BLUFF to check if you have
prior knowledge about our episode
today.

I will group you into three groups, each

group will be given a illustration board
where you will write your answer.

Please read the direction Direction: Write FACT if the statement

is true and BLUFF if it is not. You will
be given 3 seconds to answer each item.
Are you ready?

1. Light and sound travel in waves. FACT

(both light and sound travel in waves)
2. The more energy the softer the sound
produced. BLUFF
(The more energy the louder the sound
is produced, the less energy the softer
the sound it makes.)
3. The sound that can be heard by a
person has no limits. BLUFF
(the sound that can be heard by a
person has limits between 0-140
decibels.
 4. Loudness of the sound depends on the
are of vibrating body and distance of the
listener from the source of sound. FACT
(the nearer the listener from the
source, the louder the sound. The further
from the source, the softer is the sound.
5. Light can either be absorbed or
reflected by the object. Absorption and
reflection of light cannot be happen at
the same time. BLUFF
(Absorption and reflection may
happen at the same time)

Who got the highest scores?

Let us all give 5 claps for the group

Well done science explorers.

Now are you ready to learn? Yes Ma’am

C. Presenting examples/instances of the new lesson

ENGAGE Earth has been gifted light from the sun,
it is the most important source of
energy. Light warms us, enables plants
to produce oxygen and allow us to find
our way around. Without light life is not
possible.

Do you know the properties and

characteristics of these important No Ma’am
energy?

This lesson will introduce us on the

different properties and characteristics
of light and sound.

Now let us closely investigate the

properties and characteristics of light.

Let us do these activity for us to clearly

understand the properties and
characteristics of light.

What happen to light when it hits a

material?

I have here an eyeglasses, plastic bag

and a card board. Of these three objects
which do you think will allow light to
pass through once I use it to cover my
eyes.

I will use each material materials and

you have to observe.
(wear the eyeglasses)

Can you see my eyes class?

Thus light pass through these
eyeglasses? Yes Ma’am

Yes you are right!

With these eyeglasses you can clearly

see my eyes because eyeglasses allow
light to pass through it.

How about this plastic bag

(cover eyes with plastic bag)

Can you still see my eyes clearly? A little bit Ma’am

Great! you can not see my eyes clearly

when I cover my eyes with this plastic
bag because it allows only some light to
pass through it. And you can only see a
fuzzy or unclear image of my eyes using
this material.

Now observe what will happen when I

cover my eyes with this cardboard.

Can you see my eyes? No Ma’am

(cover eyes with cardboard)

Correct! You cannot see my eyes when I

covered them with cardboard, this
material does not allow light to pass
through it.

Light travels in a straight line. However

it behaves differently when it hits a
material.

An eyeglasses where you can clearly see

my eyes allow light to pass through it
because an eyeglasses is a transparent
materials.

Other examples of transparent materials

are:
Drinking glass
Aquarium

Magnifying lens

Water and Swimming Goggles

With the use of plastic bag you can not

see my eyes clearly because a plastic
bag is an example of a translucent
material. This material allows only some
light to pass through it.

Other examples of translucent materials

are;
Disposable plastic cups

Frosted glass or shower door

Tinted glass

And sunglasses
Cardboard is an opaque material.
Opaque materials blocked any light
from passing through them. That is why
you can not see my eyes on the other
side of it.

Other examples f opaque materials are;

Wood

Hollow blocks

Books

And wall

We have already investigated what

happen to light when it hits a material

Did you learn from our exploration?

Awesome!

This time let us investigate what will

happen to light on a surface of a smooth
material.
Yes Ma’am
I have here a mirror and a drawing of a
half butterfly.
Let us observe what will happen if I put
the picture in front of the mirror.

What happen?

Very Good! It became whole.

Amazing right?

When light strikes on a very smooth

surface like a mirror, light bounces back The half butterfly became a whole
in the same direction. This bouncing of butterfly
light is called REFLECTION.

Other examples of materials that reflect

light are;
Water

Windows

Shiny metals like the metal spoon

This time let us observe what will

happen to light when it passes through
different material.

I have here a glass half filled with water

and a pencil.I will put this pencil inside
this glass and observe what will happen
to the pencil.

How did the pencil looked?

Correct! The pencil appeared to be

broken when it viewed at an angle. This
appearance shows that when light passes
through different transparent materials it
changes direction resulting in what
appears to be bending of light. This It looked like it is broken
change of direction resulting in what
appears to be bending of light. This
change of direction is due to the light
traveling slower in the water, in the
glass than it did in the air.

This bending of light is called refraction

Please read what is refraction

Rainbows are formed from the

interaction of light and the raindrops.

Refraction happens as some of the

sunlight enters the surface of the Refraction- is the bending of light as it
droplet. This bends light and will travels from one type of material to
initially separate them into different another like from air to water.
bands of colors that will be reflected at
the back of the droplet.

As the bands exit the raindrop, it will be

further refracted into he order of colors
displayed in a rainbow arc. RED,
ORANGE, YELLOW, GREEN, BLUE,
INDIGO, VIOLET. (ROYGBIV)

Did you now understand the properties

and characteristics of the light class?

Great! Now lets proceed to the

properties and characteristics of sound.

We use and hear sound everyday, it help

us communicate messages in many
different ways, soothes the mind and Yes Ma’am
also make us relieved stress from our
everyday life.

Sound make us aware on what is

happening around us. Hence it is
important to know the properties and
characteristics of sound.

Please read what is sound

Sound is a type of energy made by

vibrations
Some sound may be too loud or may be
too soft.. When object vibrates it causes
movement in the air particles
When you describe a sound the first surrounding it These movement called
thing you think about is loudness, but sound waves. It keeps going until it run
what is loudness? out of energy.

Please read

Small vibrations produce soft sounds

however big vibrations create loud
sound. Loudness is a measure of how strong a
sound seems to us.
There are different factors that affect the
 volume of a sound these are; This volume of sound would depend on
the strength of a vibrations
FORCE, SPEED and DISTANCE

How do force affects sound?

GREATER FORCE=LOUD SOUND

If we apply greater force in an object
we’ll produce loud sound.

LESSER FORCE=SOFT SOUND

If we apply lesser force we’ll produce
soft sound

Same as through with the speed

FAST=LOUD SOUND
When the vibrations are fast you may
hear a loud sound.

SLOW=SOFT SOUND
And when the vibrations are slow you
may hear a soft sounds.

Another factor that affects the volume of

sound is distance.

If you are near the source the sound you

usually hear is loud and then it gradually
fades or become softer as we move way
from it.

Sounds do not loose some of it energy

as it travels through the air. The energy
just spread out to cover a lot of area.

People react to sound on different ways

Some sound can distract and break us to

our concentration, when this happens
the sound becomes unwanted noise

What is noise? Please read

Sometimes it is the repetitive nature of a

certain sound and our inability to control
it that makes it annoying.

Now that you have learned the Noise is any undesirable sound which
properties of sound let’s try to answer disturbs the activities of human or
this animal life.
D. Discussing new concepts and practicing new skills #1
ENGAGE Direction: On your paper, write S if the
object produces a soft sound and write
 L if it produces loud sound.

Exchange papers lets check your

answers.

E. Discussing new concepts and new skills #2

EXPLORE Now let’s proceed to the characteristics
of sound.

A sound wave travels a different speed

through different media.
When sound come in contact with
different materials like walls or carpet it
is either absorbed or reflected.

If it hits a hard smooth surface the wave

reflects. The sound wave that is
reflected or bounces back is called echo.

An example of an echo is when you

shout. Part of the sound waves you
created may hit an opposing hard wall
or surface.

Part of the sound was reflected by the

wall that is why you heard the same
sound again.

Reverberation happens when the time

interval is not enough

Reverberation is also described as series

or collection of echo.

Did you know that sheep, whales and

bats used echo in locating objects?

That is what we called echolocation

Fantastic right?

Please read Echolocation is the transmission of

sound waves to locate objects. Most
species of bats rely on echolocation to
help them find their food.
Whales also use echoes to move and
find their way through the depths of the
ocean. They send out high-pitched
sounds which bounce back and returned
to the whale.

Echoes has also practically used to

many of our navigational equipment
such as locating landmarks and for
surveillance.

That’s it! We are done with our

exploration with the properties and
characteristics of light and sound.

Now try to answer the following:

Direction: The same group. I will read

the following questions twice, write the
letter of your answer on the illustration
 board.

1. It is the bouncing of light on the

smooth surface of an object.
a. Diffusion
b. Refraction
c. Reflection
d. Vibration Answer: c

2. Why does a person standing waist-

deep in a swimming pool appear to have
short legs?
a. Light is refracted
b. Light is reflected
c. Light is absorbed
d. Light is absorbed and reflected Answer: a

3. Which of the following is a

translucent material?
a. Clear window
b. Stained glass window
c. Brick wall
d. Block of wood Answer: b

4. Which of following situations clearly

shows productions of soft sounds?
a. A train approaching its destination.
b. A crowd cheering for their team
mates.
c. Dripping water from the faucet.
d. Men cutting trees using chainsaw. Answer: c

5. Which of the following statement

about sound is true?
a. The stronger the vibrations of an
object the louder the sound.
b. Noise or any desirable sound which
help the activities of human life and
animals.
c. In order for sound from a speaker
to reach a listener, air to the
speaker must move to the listener.
d. Hitting an object harder makes soft
sound. Answer: a

F. Developing mastery (Leads to Formative Assessment)

EXPLORE Same group

Pick a leader of your group and get your

activity here.
Rubrics for the group activity
 CRI 5 4 3 2 1
TE
RIA
coo
pera
tion
Org
aniz
atio
n
Tim
e
fra
me
Pres
enta
tion
Tot
al

Draw 1 example each of the following:

transparent material, translucent
material and opaque material.
And explain their characteristics

G. Finding Practical applications of concepts and skills in daily living

EXPLAIN Is light and sound important in our (learners gives their opinions)
lives? Why?
H. Making generalizations and abstractions about the lesson
ELABORATE What have you learned today class? The properties of light and sound

What do we call on the materials that

allows light to pass through it?\ Transparent material

How about materials that allows only

some light to pass through it? Translucent material

And materials that does not allow light

to pass through it? Opaque material

Who can give me the 3 properties of Force

sound? Distance
Speed

Reverberation is also described as series

or collection of what? Echo

I. Evaluating Learning
EVALUATE Direction: Read the following sentences.
Write T if the statement is correct and F
if it is not correct.

_____1. Sunglasses is an example of

translucent material?
 _____2. Bats and whale use
echolocation in locating objects.
_____3. Opaque materials allows light
to pass through it.
_____4. When light strikes on a very 1. T
smooth surface like a mirror, light 2. T
bounces back in the same direction. This 3. F
bouncing of light is called 4. T
REFLECTION 5. T
_____5. This bending of light is called 6. F
refraction 7. F
_____6. speed, distance and vibration 8. F
are the properties of sound. 9. T
_____7. Reverberate happens when the 10. F
time interval is not enough
_____8. When the force is greater the
sound is softer.
_____9. When the speed is slower the
sound is softer.
_____10. When the distance is far from
the speaker of the sound the sound is
louder.

J. Additional Activities for Application or remediation

AGREEMENT Write 5 examples of transparent
materials

Prepared by: Checked by:

Vaneza Jhoy D. Elicot ARLENE S. SEGUIRRE
Cooperating Teacher