Unit

Unit 6
6 Weather
Weather
Study
Study Guide
Guide
1.
1. Review ALL Unit
Review ALL Unit 7
7 Vocabulary
Vocabulary words
words and their definitions,
and their definitions, pictures.
pictures.

2.
2. Predict
Predict upcoming
upcoming weather
weather based
based on
on weather
weather data.
data.

3.
3. Identify
Identify the
the major
major elements
elements that
that influences
influences weather.
weather.
a.
a. Air temperature
Air temperature . Humidity
Humidity
b.
b. Air pressure
Air pressure . Dew
Dew Point
Point
c.
c. Wind
Wind speed
speed and
and direction
direction . Precipitation
Precipitation

4.
4. What
What causes
causes most
most changes
changes in
in local
local weather?
weather?
Movement
Movement of
of air
air masses
masses

5.
5. Describe the properties
Describe the properties ofof air
air masses:
masses:
A
A large body of air that has the same
large body of air that has the temperature and
same temperature and humidity
humidity throughout.
throughout. It
It has
has the
the same
same properties
properties as
as the
the
land
land below
below it.it.

6.
6. Complete the following
Complete the table about
following table about air
air masses:
masses:

Type of
Type Air Mass
of Air Mass Continental
Continental Polar
Polar Continental Tropical
Continental Tropical Maritime
Maritime Polar
Polar Maritime Tropical
Maritime Tropical
Where formed
Where formed Land
Land Land
Land Water
Water Water
Water
(land/water)
(land/water)
Where
Where formed
formed (poles,
(poles, Poles
Poles Equator
Equator Poles
Poles equator
equator
equator)
equator)
Air mass
Air mass Cold,
Cold, dry
dry Warm,
Warm, dry
dry Cold,
Cold, wet
wet Warm,
Warm, wet
wet
temperature/moisture
temperature/moisture

7.
7. How
How does the jet
does the jet
stream impact
stream impact
weather?
weather? Illustrate
Illustrate
front jet stream; average summer position (60 km/hr)
the
the jet stream on
jet stream on
the map
the map below.
below.

There
There are
are 2 jet
2 jet
streams – one
streams — one inin

each
each hemisphere.
hemisphere.
They move
They move thethe air
air

from west
from west toto east
east
across
across North
North
America.
America. Colder
Colder air
air front jet•stream, average winter position(125 km/hr)

near the poles,

near the poles,
warmer
warmer air
air near
near the
the
equator.
equator.

CIThe COMET Program

 8.
8. Explain
Explain how
how the
the following terms are
following terms are used
used to
to help
help predict
predict weather.
weather.

When
When the
the dew
dew point
point temperature
temperature is the same
is the same asas the
the temperature,
temperature, then
then the
the relative
relative humidity
humidity is
Dew
Dew Point
is
Point
100%,
100%, clouds form, and
clouds form, and the
the possibility
possibility of
of rainfall
rainfall increases.
increases.
Relative
Relative Relative
Relative humidity
humidity increases
increases before
before precipitation
precipitation occurs.
occurs. The
The closer
closer that
that relative
relative humidity
humidity is
is to
to
Humidity
Humidity 100%,
100%, the
the more
more likely
likely you
you will
will have
have precipitation.
precipitation.
Isobars
Isobars show
show areas
areas ofof pressure
pressure that
that are
are the
the same. The closer
same. The closer that
that the
the isobars
isobars are to each
are to each other,
other,
Isobars
Isobars
the
the more
more likely
likely you
you will
will have
have wind.
wind.

9.
9. Complete the following
Complete the table on
following table on Fronts.
Fronts. Additional
Additional information from your
information from your “Fronts
"Fronts Stations”
Stations" worksheet
worksheet may
may be
be
on the test as well.
on the test as well.

Type of
Type of Front
Front Cause
Cause (Air
(Air Movement)
Movement) Effect
Effect (Resulting
(Resulting Weather)
Weather) Illustration/Symbol
Illustration/Symbol

Cold
Cold air
air meets
meets warmer
warmer air
air Thunderstorms,
Thunderstorms, Ice
Ice storms
storms
Cold
Cold Front
Front and pushes it upward
and pushes it upward

Warm
Warm air
air meets
meets colder
colder air
air Light
Light rain
rain
and
and pushes
pushes over
over it
it

Warm
Warm Front
Front

22 air
air masses
masses sandwiching
sandwiching aa
rd
Occluded
Occluded Front
Front 33rd air
air mass
mass (warm
(warm or
or cold)
cold) Light
Light rain
rain

Weak
Weak warm
warm and
and cold
cold fronts
fronts
Stationary
Stationary Front
Front that
that meet
meet and
and neither
neither is
is Light
Light rain
rain for
for several
several days
days
strong
strong enough to push
enough to the
push the
other
other out
out

10.
10. Complete the following
Complete the table about
following table about high
high and
and low
low pressure
pressure systems.
systems.

High
High Pressure
Pressure System
System Low
Low Pressure
Pressure System
System

Symbol
Symbol

How
How do
do winds
winds Winds
Winds blow
blow outward
outward in in a
a clockwise
clockwise rotation
rotation in
in Winds
Winds blow
blow inward
inward in in aa counterclockwise
counterclockwise
blow?
blow? the
the Northern
Northern Hemisphere.
Hemisphere. rotation
rotation in
in the
the Northern
Northern Hemisphere.
Hemisphere.
•• Air
Air sinks
sinks and
and moves
moves outwards.
outwards. • The
The air
air pressure is lower pressure
pressure is lower pressure than
than the
the
• The
The sinking
sinking air
air is
is more than the
more than the surrounding
surrounding surrounding
surrounding areas.areas.
air.
air. • Air
Air in
in aa low
low pressure
pressure system
system comes
comes together
together
• The
The air
air pressure
pressure is is higher.
higher. and
and rises.
rises.

• Cooler,
Cooler, denser
denser air
air moves
moves outout of
of the
the center
center of • AsAs the
the airair in
in the
the center
center ofof a
a low
low pressure
pressure
What
What happens
happens
these
these high
high pressure
pressure areas toward areas
areas toward areas of system
system rises,
rises, it
it cools
cools and forms clouds
and forms clouds and
and
to
to air?
of
rain.
air?
lower
lower pressure.
pressure. rain.

• AsAs the
the air
air sinks,
sinks, it
it gets
gets warmer
warmer and and absorbs
absorbs • Often
Often occurs
occurs along
along a a boundary
boundary between
between a a

moisture.
moisture. warm
warm air air mass
mass and and a a cold
cold air
air mass.
mass.
• Water
Water droplets
droplets evaporate,
evaporate, relative
relative humidity
humidity • Rain
Rain often
often occurs
occurs at at these
these boundaries.
boundaries.
decrease
decrease and and clouds
clouds often
often disappear.
disappear.
• Temperature
Temperature — – cool
cool • Temperature -- warm
Temperature warm
Type
Type of
of • Wind – calm or
Wind —calm or gentle
gentle winds
winds • Wind – strong
Wind — strong winds
winds
Weather
Weather • Humidity
Humidity — – decreases
decreases • Humidity –humid air
Humidity —humid air

• Clouds
Clouds — – clear
clear skies,
skies, less
less clouds
clouds • Clouds – cloudy
Clouds — cloudy
 • Precipitation – dry
Precipitation — dry • Precipitation – rainy
Precipitation — rainy or
or stormy
stormy

Diagram
Diagram

11.
11. Complete the following
Complete the table about
following table about clouds
clouds

Type of
Type of Cloud
Cloud Description
Description Where
Where found
found in
in Name
Name during
during precipitation
precipitation
atmosphere
atmosphere
Cirrus
Cirrus Wispy,
Wispy, made
made of
of ice
ice High
High in
in atmosphere
atmosphere

Cumulus
Cumulus Puffy,
Puffy, white
white Mid
Mid level
level of
of atmosphere
atmosphere Cumulonimbus
Cumulonimbus

Strata
Strata Thin, white
Thin, white Low
Low level
level of
of atmosphere
atmosphere Stratanimbus
Stratanimbus

12.
12. Describe the cause
Describe the cause of of fog
fog and
and the
the type
type of
of clouds
clouds that
that make
make up
up fog.
fog.
Fog
Fog is
is condensed
condensed water vapor that
water vapor that has
has formed
formed near
near Earth’s
Earth's surface
surface due
due to
to the
the cooling
cooling of
of air
air close
close to
to the
the ground.
ground.
Fog
Fog can
can form
form if
if air
air near the ground
near the ground cools
cools or
or if
if warm,
warm, moist
moist air
air blows
blows over
over a
a cold
cold surface.
surface.

13.
13. Read
Read the
the following
following Surface
Surface Conditions
Conditions Map
Map and
and identify
identify the
the areas
areas of
of High
High and
and Low
Low Pressure
Pressure (Label them with
(Label them with
the appropriate symbol) and explain.
the appropriate symbol) and explain.

Sea level Sea Level Pressure mb Eta and is far 1200Z 6 OCT og

The areas
The areas of
of high
high pressure form around
pressure form around a
a high
high
pressure
pressure center.
center.

The areas
The areas of
of low
low pressure
pressure form
form around
around a
a low
low
pressure
pressure center.
center.

The highs
The highs and
and low
low pressure
pressure systems
systems are
are already
already
identified
identified on
on the
the map.
map.
aqN

The areas
The areas that
that have the isobars
have the isobars close
close together,
together,
will
will have
have higher
higher winds
winds than
than the
the areas
areas where the
where the
isobars
isobars are
are spaced further away
spaced further from.
away from.
IS
INTERVAL: 4.0 996.6 HI: 1031.8
 14.
14. Complete the table
Complete the table with
with the
the appropriate
appropriate causes
causes and
and effects
effects of
of the
the following types of
following types of severe
severe weather
weather

Cause
Cause Effect
Effect

• Rising
Rising air
air in
in a
a supercell thunderstorm
supercell thunderstorm • Extremely
Extremely fast
fast winds.
winds.
Tornado
Tornado rotates
rotates when
when aa second
second current
current of
of air
air • A
A tornado’s
tornado's wind
wind speeds
speeds areare estimated from
estimated from
crosses
crosses the
the rising
rising warm
warm air.
air. the
the damage
damage rating.
rating.
• Rotating
Rotating air
air creates
creates low
low pressure
pressure atat its
its • Tornado
Tornado severity
severity is
is classified
classified using
using the
the
center
center and
and draws
draws more
more andand more
more air
air into
into it,
it, Enhanced
Enhanced Fujita
Fujita Scale.
Scale.
increasing
increasing the
the rate
rate of
of rotation.
rotation.
• Usually
Usually form
form from
from a a part
part of
of the
the supercell
supercell
called
called the
the wall
wall cloud.
cloud.
• Large,
Large, rotating
rotating airair masses
masses located
located at
at • Winds
Winds move
move counter-clockwise
counter-clockwise in in the
the
Hurricane
Hurricane extreme
extreme lowlow pressure
pressure areas.
areas. Northern
Northern Hemisphere
Hemisphere and and clockwise
clockwise in the
in the

• Form
Form over
over warm
warm waters,
waters, typically
typically between
between Southern Hemisphere due to the
Southern Hemisphere due to the Coriolis Coriolis
10
10 and
and 30
30 degrees
degrees north
north oror south
south of the
of the Effect.
Effect.

equator.
equator. • Eye
Eye of
of the
the storm
storm has very low
has very low pressure
pressure and
and
very
very little
little wind.
wind.
• Categories
Categories are are based
based onon wind
wind speed.
speed.
• Heated
Heated air
air rises
rises rapidly
rapidly because
because ofof • Damaging
Damaging windswinds
Thunderstorm
Thunderstorm convection.
convection. • Large
Large amounts
amounts of of rainfall
rainfall

• Usually
Usually occur
occur along
along a front. Ice
a front. Ice particles
particles • Hail
Hail
near
near the
the top
top ofof a
a thunderstorm
thunderstorm cloud
cloud • Sometimes tornadoes
Sometimes tornadoes
collide and produce the charge differences
collide and produce the charge differences
that
that can
can result
result in
in lightening.
lightening.