REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

Leyte Normal University

Graduate Studies
Tacloban City

CONSTRUCTION, UTILIZATION,
EVALUATION, AND STORAGE OF
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS IN
SOCIAL SCIENCE

SOCIAL SCIENCE 504

First Semester, SY 2022-2023

Part 4: Evaluation and Storage

Module 2: The Educational Media Center

MARCELINO B. ROMERO
MAT-Social Science

DR. ELIZABETH M. QUIMBO

Course Instructor

1|Page
 Module 2
The Educational Media/Storage Center

Overview:
Welcome to Module 2!

This module will remind us that our instructional materials can be stored in a place where it can
be taken when needed. In this module, we will discuss on the use of Educational Media Center and the
reason for having such a center, its benefits as well as its disadvantages. Below are the following topics
to be covered by this module:

1.) An Educational Media Center

2.) How to Start and Operate an Educational Media Center in Schools
3.) Roles and Functions of Educational Media Center
4.) Library Media Standards Statement
5.) Benefits of Media Literacy Education
6.) Disadvantages of Media Facilities in Schools

Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the module, you are expected to:
a.) Enlist the different provisions set by the National Education Association and the American Library
Association of an ideal Educational Media Center;
b.) Identify the needs of standards Educational Media Center;
c.) Determine the benefits of media literacy education and the disadvantage of media facilities in
school.

Key Terms:
American Library Association
- is a nonprofit organization based in the United States that promotes libraries and library
education internationally.

Educational Media Center

- a facility designed for housing and utilization of all educational media within the school such
as instructional materials, equipment, media development facilities and staffs with expertise
on computer technology, bookkeeping, maintenance, etc.

Library Media Standards

- these are standards set by the Professional Regulatory Board for Librarians of Professional
Regulation Commission towards libraries throughout the libraries as measures of quality.

Media Literacy Education

- the process and praxis/practice of teaching and learning with, and about media where the
learning outcome is the acquisition of media literacy skills and the critical habits of mind for
analyzing, evaluating, and creating messages in all forms, including print and non-print.

National Education Association

- it is a labor union that represents public school teachers, support staffs, colleges, universities,
retired educators, and college students preparing to be teachers.

Pretest
Directions: Identify the correct answers for the following questions/statements below. Choose your answers
located inside the box.

American Library Association Map

Globe Printer
Technician Librarian
Educational Media Center EMC Director
National Education Association Media
Headmaster Laptop

2|Page
__________________1.) Who is this expert who files or arrange different instructional media for easier loaning
out to students and teachers?
__________________2.) It is a facility designed for housing and utilization of all educational media within the
school.
__________________3.) It is a nonprofit organization based in the United States that promotes libraries and
library education internationally.
__________________4.) What is this certain media that is flat which allows the students to locate a place?
__________________5.) This term simply refers to the means of communication.

Activity 1
Directions: The following are a set of pictures that shows different materials used by the teachers. Guess what
their names are.

1 4

2 5

Discussion
Teaching is one such strenuous task an educator must do. Giving activities, assignments and
projects that students need to perform. Yet, teachers cannot do all of these, including providing instructions to
students without the help of media. Media (singular: medium) refers to methods of communication that people
use to share information and to contact people. They are essential tools that help in the successful
implementation of the curriculum. It does not only make learning more effective but also more meaningful.

However, such tools are exposed to various elements that may hamper its performance.
Carelessness may also occur that can result to the destruction of such tool. They needed a place where they can
be stored, utilized, maintained, and even updated. Because of these, an answer is needed to address such
problems. The response is the establishment of an Educational Media Center. This module covers all from
stating what an EMC is up to why is it important for schools to have one.

3|Page
 What is an Educational Media Center?

- It is a facility designed for housing and utilization of all educational media within the school
such as instructional materials, equipment, media development facilities and staffs with
expertise on computer technology, bookkeeping, maintenance, etc.

- It is also considered as a technology hub of every school since it has a variety of available
technology as well as total access to information.

- However, it is more than just a facility for the storage and utilization of media. An
Educational Media Center also incorporates a systematic plan or program for effective
instruction made possible with the collaboration of teachers and administrators.

 An Ideal Educational Media Center According to NEA and ALA

The National Education Association (1969) and the American Library Association provide a set
of provisions of an ideal Educational Media Center:
1.) Environment
- Good lighting equipment, acoustical treatment, temperature and humidity control; preferably
carpeted floors with noise reducing materials.

Img. 1: EMC interior

2.) Location and Space

- Accessible to all users, space provisions and their special aspects must include the following:
a.) Entrance, circulation and distribution
Displays and exhibits, card catalogs, periodical indexes.
b.) Reading and browsing, individual viewing and listening
No more than 100 students should be seated in one area.

Img. 2: area for students to listen to lectures

c.) Individual study and learning

Individual carrel/cubicle equipped with power and other outlets; with
space for shelving materials.

4|Page
 Img. 3: a set of study carrels
d.) Conference Rooms
Movable walls to allow for expansion or combination of areas, power and
others, acoustic equipment…

Img. 4: a conference room

e.) Administration
Office space, media program planning area.
f.) Workrooms/Workshop Room

Img. 5: workshops allow people to plan, and even create new materials

g.) Maintenance and Repair Service

h.) Media Production Laboratory
Sinks, running water, electrical outlets
i.) Darkroom
Lightproof and with tight locks

Img. 6: A darkroom, where all photographs were processed

j.) Materials and Equipment Storage for Production
Necessary temperature and humidity control
k.) Stacks and magazine storage for books and magazines and audiovisual materials
l.) AV equipment: distribution and storage

5|Page
 m.) Center for Professional Materials for Faculty
Teachers’ conference room; adjacent to media production laboratory
n.) Optional space for TV studio, storage, and office with workspace, radio
computerized learning laboratory, storage and control center

3.) Equipment (Hardware)

- The number of which have to depend upon the number of users being served and to which
extent the equipment is used.

a.) Projection Equipment – equipment that displays images on a flat surface.

b.) Sound Equipment – equipment that reproduce, record, or process sound.
c.) Auxiliary equipment such as microphone stands, screens, trays, and lamps
d.) Copying and laminating machines and photography equipment
e.) Television equipment

4.) Instructional Materials

a.) Books, magazines and newspapers
b.) Pamphlets, brochures, clippings, and miscellaneous materials
c.) Filmstrips, slides and transparencies
d.) Graphic Materials
e.) Globes and Maps
f.) Audio and Videotapes and CDs
5.) Standards
- Each school should have a set of standards for selection, policy and procedures.
6.) Staff
- An Educational Media Center should be staffed by media specialists (1:250) whose work
consists primarily of implementing the media program; The media specialists within the
schools should obtain the advice of outside specialists, consult with teachers who are to use
the materials, select the appropriate materials, and engage in continuing evaluation after
acquisition.

 How to Start and Operate an Educational Media Center in Schools?

Organizing an Educational Media Center in our respective schools is very crucial for
effective teaching and learning. To do this, one must simply follow these steps:

1.) Convince the academic community, parents, administration, and even students to establish
the center.
2.) Seek the cooperation of the faculties, media specialist, and administration in formulating
goals and policies.
3.) Make an inventory of all resources and take note of their status and frequency of use.
4.) Determine the budget in the construction of facilities (it depends on the administrative
capability whether they can afford the budget or reduce the projected cost of building one).
5.) Employ staff that matches with qualifications of existing human resources.
6.) Disseminate the services of the media center through orientation of programs and forums.

The operation of this facility requires the expertise of the following human resources who
can help both the educators and students in fulfilling their needs:

1.) EMC Director – in charge of maintaining and delivering the services offered by the center.
2.) Technician – manipulates, use, and troubleshoot problems that arise in using the equipment.
3.) Librarian – files or arrange different instructional media for easier loaning out to students
and teachers.
4.) Artist – assists the teachers and students in producing unavailable instructional materials.
5.) Computer Instructor

To ensure the functionality of the Educational Media Center, staff uses the following
evaluation questions regarding to what the EMC must have in order for it to be functional:

1.) The institutional media service

- Is the administration committed to a media program?
6|Page
 - Is the program of media services administered by a media specialist through media center?
- Is the center operating at the same level as other major institutional services of the school?
- Are there clearly defined policies, procedures and plans for short, medium- and long-term
coverage?
- Is the center provided with appropriate facilities, finances (a regular budget) and staff (both
technical and clerical)?
- Is the center capable of giving media and/or educational media technology
advises/assistance to the faculty?

2.) Media and Instruction

- Are the faculties encouraged to use media as an integral part of instruction?
- Are classrooms equipped and/or adapted for the best possible use of educational media?
- Is the media center accessible to all classroom and lecture/conference room?
- Is there educational media technology information dissemination?
- Is there a proper cooperation between faculty and the professional media staff in the
planning, developing and using media for instructions?
- In particular, are faculty members assisted by the media center staff in analyzing teaching
needs and in designing, selecting and using educational media to meet these needs?
- Is there an adequate storage, filling and retrieval/borrowing system for instructional hardware
and software/materials?
- Is the center capable of technical operations relating to technical assistance, equipment
repair and cleaning, continuous upgrading facilities?
- Is there a capability for production of graphics, audio visual and other media materials for
instruction?

3.) Classroom facilities

- Are classrooms designed for and provided with essential facilities for effective use of
educational media?
- Specifically, are classrooms equipped for full light control, electrical outlets, appropriate
ventilation and media operation spaces.
- Are classrooms equipped with a bulletin board, chalkboard, projection screen, map rails, etc.
for instruction using media?

4.) Media Program

- Are there clear-cut administration policies on the media program?
- Is there an adequate source/system of funding?
- Is there appropriate hiring of media center supervisions, creating and technical personnel,
consultants and clerical staff?

 Roles and Functions of an Educational Media Center

Every school in the Philippines stated the mission and vision of these centers which
dictates the roles and functions of the Educational Media Center. One of these schools is Ateneo
de Manila. Their written mission and vision towards this facility provides a great example on
what are the roles that EMCs are supposed to play and what is the function for each role.

1.) Center of Resources – as a resource center, EMCs houses technology for easy use.
2.) Laboratory for Learning – as laboratory of learning, EMCs provides materials for
curriculum enrichment, research and self-directed learning. It also encourages
individual exploration and inquiry.
3.) Agent of Teaching – a media center teaches students on how to find information and
keeps teachers informed about new materials.
4.) Service Agency – procedures are established as the basis of service to students and
teachers (scheduling, borrowing of materials, using facilities for class, etc.)
5.) Coordinating Agency – a media center serves as central depository for various forms
of media; encourages the use of appropriate materials for specific learning tasks.
6.) Recreational Reading Centers – EMCs provides resources that cater to the interests
of teachers and learners for recreational use, not only for educational purposes.
7.) Stepping Stone to Other Resources – it introduces other resources available in the
community to the individuals in case the media center does not have one.

7|Page
 Library Media Standards Statement
The Department of Education released a set of standards (DepEd Order 56, s. 2011)
formulated by the Professional Regulatory Board for Librarians of the Professional Regulation
Commission as mandated by the government under Article II, Section 8 of RA 9246 known as
the Philippine Librarianship Act of 2004 “to adopt policies and standards for all types of
libraries, librarians, and the practice of librarianship and to come up with minimum standards
that define the basic resources required for a functional library in the Philippine setting.”

Standard I. Mission, Goals, and Objectives

A. Clearly defined mission, goals, and objectives for the school library media center shall be
established in terms of the philosophy, goals and objectives of the school.
B. A set of policies, procedures, rules and regulations shall be formulated by the library head
and staff to ensure consistency in the operation of services.
C. A written Manual of Operation as well as Student/Faculty Guides shall be maintained and
continuously updated to serve as guide to the staff in the implementation of tasks and to
the users in the utilization of resources and services.

Standard II. Administration

A. A unified program integrating library and audiovisual programs under the leadership of a
qualified and competent professional is recommended.
B. Where there are two or more professional librarians, one is appointed as the head to
oversee the smooth implementation of services as well as the supervision of personnel.
C. The school library media center shall be regularly evaluated in terms of its services,
personnel and resources, not only by the students but also by the faculty.

Standard III. Human Resources

A. The school library media center shall be appropriately staffed by full time licensed
librarians and trained clerical support, the number of which is proportionate to student
population.

1.) Size
Size
1 full-time professional librarian + 1
500 students or less
support staff
1 full-time professional head
1,000 librarian/media specialist, 1 full-time
librarian/media specialist + 2 support staff
1 full-time professional head
librarian/media specialist, 2 full-time
2,000
librarian/media specialists + 4 support
staff
Note: There shall be an additional librarian and two additional support staff for
every additional one thousand enrollments.

2.) Qualifications
2.1. Professional Librarian- BLS/BLIS graduate or BSE/BSEEd major or minor in
Library Science or certified by Board of Librarians (or licensed).

Note: the head librarian must have graduate units in Library and Information
Science or related field like MA, major in Educational Technology, and 5 years of
experience in the library.

2.2. Library Assistant/Clerk – College/secretarial graduate

2.3. Audiovisual Technician – 2 years course in Electronics

Standard IV. Collection Management

8|Page
 A. Collection Development
Here, it is stated that all of the materials (print, non-print, and digital), must be
acquired to support and meet the needs of the students and teachers. It also
mentioned that they must be in good condition.

B. Selection and Organization

All materials must be properly stored and organized; inventory and collection
weeding must be done regularly. These are the responsibilities of the school
librarian.

C. Preservation and Security

Medias must be properly preserved. The library must also have an adequate
security system to ensure that theft, loss, and vandalization of materials will be
checked.

Standard V. Services and Utilization

The library must be open at all times so that students can have access to the
resources when needed. The teacher must also coordinate with the librarian in adjusting
the teaching schedule so that the students can have time in the library to study at once.

Standard VI. Physical Facilities

The school library media facility must have a space enough to accommodate at
least 10% of the school population. It must also have enough space for equipment storage
and decorated with visually pleasing furnishings.

Standard VII. IT Facilities and Services

The school library must have facilities for information technology and
communication services.

Standard VIII. Financial Resources

Schools must provide funds to maintain and update their libraries. However, the
libraries can also charge fees for additional funds. The money collected shall be managed
by the librarians.

Standard IX. Linkages and Networking

The libraries must establish linkages with other media centers within the vicinity
so that the students can be referred to the other center when the information he/she is
seeking is not available in the library he/she is currently visiting.

The Professional Regulatory Board for Librarians of the Professional Regulation Commission
also sets standards for the furniture and equipment of the school library and media centers. Here are the
following list of furniture and equipment a media center must have as well as its specifications as per the
measurements.

ITEMS NUMBER OF UNITS SPECIFICATIONS

Elementary: 0.71 m (H) x 0.91 m. (W) x 0.91 m (L)

Number that can Secondary: 0.75 m (H) x 0.90 m
Reading tables accommodate 15-25% of (W) x 1.8 m (L)
the enrollment
37 cm (W), 43.5 cm (D), height of
Armless chairs Same as above back rest -43 cm Total height: 89 cm

Librarian’s 1.22 m (W) x 0.66 m (L) x 0.76 m (H)

table

9|Page
 47 cm (W), 43.5 cm (D), height of
Librarian’s back rest -43 cm Total height: 89 cm
chair Simple and functional in design with space provided
for filling trays for book cards and shelved for
returned books. It should also be designed with
provision for computers for circulation. The desk
Charging Depending on the design
may be counter height or sitting height
desk/circulatio
n

Card catalog Will depend on the With handle label holder and rod with 36 trays
with trays collection 0.90 m(W), 1.18 m (H), 0.45 m (D)

Periodical
index cabinet Same as card catalog cabinet
Shelf list card Same as the card catalog cabinet with 12/24/36 trays
cabinet
Book shelves: -30 m (D) x 1.3 m (W) x 0.76 – 1.5 m (H)
Preferably Height of shelves:
adjustable - - Elem—not more than 1.5 m
single faced - HS – not more than 1.8 m
-double faced The bottom shelf should slope
-wall shelves
back to facilitate reading call numbers on the books
shelved therein

Vertical file Depending on the number Standard filing cabinet

cabinet of clippings folders
Depending on the number With ten shelves: 0.30 x 0.40 m x
Magazine rack of subscription titles 1.52 m (H) in size
Or size and design vary
Newspaper Depending on the number 10 rungs of 0.30 x 0.40 m in size
display rack of subscription titles Or size and design vary
Dictionary
stand and atlas Minimum of 3 Slope top with 3 shelves
stand/shelves
Storage cabinet 0.40 m (D) x 0.90 m (W) x 1.83 m
(H)
Furniture for
informal Sofa set and bean bags
reading
Bulletin board At least 2 or depending on Cork or magnetic
the available space 2.40 (L) x 1.20 m (W)
Step stool Minimum of 4 Different sizes
Book truck 2 or 3 With shelves and ball caster
Large picture Depending on the number
files of collection
Large picture Depending on the number Size and design vary
files of collection
Equipment
Computers 1 for 1000 enrollment - for clerical work
(aside from - for circulation desk
those installed - for OPAC terminals
in the
Computer For 100 enrollment Work stations where students and teachers can use
Laboratory) software packages, word-process work,
CD-ROM and Internet

10 | P a g e
 Benefits of Media Literacy Education

Media literacy is the ability to encode and decode the symbols transmitted via media and the
ability to synthesize, analyze and produce mediated messages. It does not only refer to the skills that a
person has to operate various media but the ability to analyze or discern the information and the ability
to evaluate whether that information is authentic or bogus.

Currently, the Philippines has the most time spent on social media, with online users spending an
average of 3 hours and 53 minutes each day compared to the online users in the US who spent an
average of 2 hours and 3 minutes (Dixon, 2022). Though we are adept in using a variety of media,
ranging from phones to computers, we easily fell to scams and misinformation. Worse, we use media to
make fun of the others to the point that the victim commits suicide. This is where Media Literacy
Education became important.

Media Literacy Education is the educational field dedicated to teaching the skills associated with
media literacy. It focuses on teaching everyone of every age the skills necessary to manipulate media,
and analyze, synthesize, and evaluate the information that is being spread through various media, print
or non-print. It has a number of benefits shown below:

1.) Media literacy education helps students become wise consumers of media as well as responsible
media producers.
2.) It also fosters critical thinking among students.
3.) It helps students learn the skills that enable them to work together in collaboration.
4.) Provides an opportunity in integrating subject areas.
5.) Helps meet standards while making the students use contemporary media content which they love at
once.
6.) Increases the ability of students to express their thoughts and ideas in a wide range of forms, whether
on print or digital.
7.) Finally, it teaches the students how to become respectful towards the others when having a public
discourse.

 Advantages and Disadvantages of Media Facilities in Schools

School media centers play a vital role towards the betterment of the learners. As technology hubs,
media centers are not only just books and indexes unlike in the past but rather, computers and other
advanced learning gadgets. With computers, everyone can search for information with higher speed
compared to browsing through books.

Since technology advanced at a faster rate and learner preferences drastically change due to
technology, media facilities offer a solution to that problem. It has a wide variety of technology like
computers, interactive whiteboards, etc., that teachers can use to meet 21st century learners’ needs. It
also allows the students to learn at their own pace, depending on their learning styles.

Media facilities serves as a resting place for students and teachers alike to relieve stress because of
its wide spaces. Also, because of the wide area the media facilities occupy, they were even used for
hosting multiple educational events like exhibits and seminars that elicits social interaction among the
students, teachers, staff, and visitors.

Despite its number of benefits, school media centers also have its multiple disadvantages which
could hamper its operation. A list is made below to identify what are the disadvantages of having a
school media center which focuses on the infrastructure, the inventory, and the staff that operates the
facility.

1.) It is difficult to schedule specific uses.

2.) Staff needs special training.
3.) Students cannot do production or group work that may bother other users in the EMC.
4.) Moving equipment from a media center to classroom and back increases the chance of breakage and
other maintenance problems.
5.) Due to rapid technological pace, media facilities could hardly keep up with the changes.
6.) Printed materials, large and small, could take up large space, limiting the size of another space for
other media.

11 | P a g e
 7.) Problem with digitalized media is that it requires electricity and regular maintenance to prevent
breakdown.
8.) Media facilities could only add up to the operational cost of the school since electrical equipment
needs electricity and other necessities.
9.) Natural calamities could destroy these facilities, which were supposed to protect the resources.

Activity 2

Directions: Think of at least two things that library media centers in public schools in the Philippines must
have. You will also state your reason to defend what you think is important for it to have. Write down your
answers on the space provided.

1.) 2.)

Post-test (Enumeration)
Directions: Supply the following items with the needed answers. Write your answers on the space provided.

A.) Identify what are the needs of a standard Educational Media Center.

1.) _________________________________
2.) _________________________________

B.) Enlist the benefits of having Educational Media Centers in schools.

3.)________________________________________________
4.)________________________________________________
5.)________________________________________________

EXPECTED ANSWERS
PRE-TEST:
1.) Librarian
2.) Educational Media Center

12 | P a g e
 3.) American Library Association
4.) Globe
5.) Media

ACTIVITY 1:
1.) Projector
2.) Books
3.) Portable Radio/Radio
4.) Laptop
5.) Television

ACTIVITY 2:
1.) Computers – school media centers need to have sufficient number of computers as well as internet
connection so that what the students learn from their computer subjects in public schools will be put into
use.
2.) More chairs and tables – to accommodate a fairly large number of students coming into the media
center.

POST-TEST:
A.
1.) A trained staff
2.) Sufficient number of equipment

B.
3.) It allows access to a number of instructional materials to be used for teaching
4.) It encourages learning by providing resources.
5.) It provides venues for important meetings and seminars.

LINKS TO BROWSE

https://slideplayer.com/slide/7676654/
https://pt.slideshare.net/anna122991/educational-media-center-75685958

13 | P a g e
https://www.slideshare.net/charlvinceporlares/educational-media-center?from%20action=save
https://www.deped.gov.ph/2011/07/19/do-56-s-2011-standards-for-philippine-libraries/
https://ce.fresno.edu/news/why-today-s-students-need-media-literacy-more-than-ever/#:~:text=Benefits
%20of%20Media%20Literacy&text=First%20and%20foremost%2C%20media%20literacy,foster
%20critical%20thinking%20in%20students.
https://www.medialit.org/reading-room/10-benefits-media-literacy-education
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/The_American_School/
The_Role_of_Media_in_Education#Why_should_teachers_be_media_literate?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Library_Association
https://books.google.com.ph/books?
id=2yss82kfbAYC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_atb#v=onepage&q&f=false
https://www.nbpts.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/ECYA-LM.pdf
https://www.igi-global.com/dictionary/learning-to-teach-the-media/51832
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Education_Association
https://medialiteracyweek.us/resources/media-literacy-basics/
https://www.martinpublicseating.com/blog/importance-of-a-modern-media-center-in-k-12-schools
https://slideplayer.com/slide/7676654/
https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED031086
https://www.statista.com/statistics/433871/daily-social-media-usage-worldwide/

REFERENCES
Cennamo, Katherine S. & Ross, John D. (2014). Technology Integration for Meaningful Classroom Use: A
Standards-Based Approach (2nd Edition). Wadsworth: Cengage Learning. Pgs. 247-249

Corpuz, Brenda B. & Lucido, Paz I. (2012). Educational Technology 1 (2nd Edition). Lorimar Publishing Inc.

Molenda, Michael, Russell, James D. & Smaldino, Sharon E. (2002). Instructional Media and Technology for
Learning (7th Edition) by Pearson Education Inc. Pg. 314

M. D. Roblyer (2003). Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching. Pearson Education Inc. Pg. 35

Ismail Haji Adnan (1987). Developing Educational Media Centers for Secondary Schools in Malaysia.
University of Northern Iowa

S. Dixon (2022). Average Daily Time Spent on Social Media Worldwide 2012-2022. Aug. 22, 2022

SOURCES OF IMAGES
Activity 1:
(1) https://techterms.com/img/lg/projector_1345.jpg
(2) https://www.incimages.com/uploaded_files/image/1920x1080/
getty_655998316_2000149920009280219_363765.jpg
(3) https://www.britannica.com/technology/shortwave-radio#/media/1/541817/124451
(4) https://www.britannica.com/technology/computer#/media/1/130429/231796
(5) By LG 전 자 - 세 계 명 화 가 LG 스 마 트 TV 속 으 로 , CC BY 2.0,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=17450806

Discussion:
Img. 1:https://spaces4learning.com/-/media/EDU/SPM/Images/2015/06/LibrariesMediaCenter300.jpg
Img.2:https://nbcconferencecentre.com/content/uploads/sites/2/2018/06/Cabaretopstelling-zaal-12-
620x340.jpg
Img.3:By SimonP - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
curid=7155041
Img.4:https://www.wework.com/ideas/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2021/08/20201008-199WaterSt-2_v1-
scaled.jpg
Img.5:https://education.muttigrees.org/wpcontent/uploads/2018/04/
muttigrees_images_training_library2.jpg

14 | P a g e
Img. 6: https://www.photoion.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/[email protected]

15 | P a g e