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Relations and Functions Short and Long Answer Questions

1. The document contains 16 problems related to functions and relations. The problems ask to show whether certain relations are equivalence relations, find equivalence classes, determine if functions are one-to-one or onto, compose functions, find inverses of functions, and determine if functions are invertible.

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J. Dey
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34 views

Relations and Functions Short and Long Answer Questions

1. The document contains 16 problems related to functions and relations. The problems ask to show whether certain relations are equivalence relations, find equivalence classes, determine if functions are one-to-one or onto, compose functions, find inverses of functions, and determine if functions are invertible.

Uploaded by

J. Dey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. Let R be the relation in the set Z of integers given by 𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏) ∶


2 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑎 – 𝑏}. Show that the relation R transitive? Write the
equivalence class [0].
2. Show that the relation 𝑆 in the set 𝐴 = {𝑥𝜖𝑍: 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 12} given by
𝑆 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑍, |𝑎 − 𝑏| 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑦 4} is an equivalence relation.
Also find the equivalence class [1].
Show that the relation 𝑅 defined by (𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅(𝑐, 𝑑) ⇔ 𝑎 + 𝑑 = 𝑏 + 𝑐 on the
set 𝑁 × 𝑁 is an equivalence relation. Also, find the equivalence classes
[(2,3)] and [(1,3)].
3. Let 𝑁 be the set of all natural numbers and let 𝑅 be a relation on
𝑁 × 𝑁, defined by (𝑎, 𝑏) 𝑅 (𝑐, 𝑑) ⇔ 𝑎𝑑 = 𝑏𝑐 for all (𝑎, 𝑏), (𝑐, 𝑑) ∈ 𝑁 × 𝑁.
Show that 𝑅 is an equivalence relation on 𝑁 × 𝑁. Also, find the
equivalence class [(2,6)].
4. Show that the relation R in the set R of real numbers, defined as 𝑅 =
{(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑎 ≤ 𝑏 2 } neither reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive.
5. Let 𝑅 be a relation defined on 𝑁 × 𝑁 by (𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅(𝑐, 𝑑) ⇔ 𝑎𝑑(𝑏 + 𝑐) = 𝑏𝑐(𝑎 +
𝑑). Show that 𝑅 is an equivalence relation on 𝑁 × 𝑁.
6. Show that the function 𝑓: 𝑅 → {𝑥𝜖𝑅: −1 < 𝑥 < 1} defined by 𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥
, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 is a bijection.
1+|𝑥|
𝑛+1
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑑𝑑
7. Is the function 𝑓: 𝑁 → 𝑁 defined by 𝑓(𝑛) = { 𝑛2 one-one and
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
2

onto? Justify your answer.


8. Prove that the Greatest Integer Function f : R→R, given by f (x) = [x], is
neither one-one nor onto, where [x] denotes the greatest integer less
than or equal to x.
9. Show that the Modulus Function f : R→R, given by f (x) = | x |, is
neither one-one nor onto
10. Let 𝐴 = {−1,0,1,2}, 𝐵 = {−4, −2,0,2} and 𝑓, 𝑔: 𝐴 → 𝐵 be functions defined
1
by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 𝑥, 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴 and 𝑔(𝑥) = 2 |𝑥 − 2| − 1, 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴. Are 𝑓 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔 equal?.

Justify your answer.


11. Let 𝑓 : {2, 3, 4, 5} → {3, 4, 5, 9} and 𝑔 : {3, 4, 5, 9} → {7, 11, 15} be
functions defined as 𝑓 (2) = 3, 𝑓(3) = 4, 𝑓(4) = 𝑓 (5) = 5 and

VINOD AV | JNV THRISSUR


2

𝑔 (3) = 𝑔 (4) = 7 and 𝑔 (5) = 𝑔 (9) = 11. Find 𝑔𝑜𝑓.

12. If 𝑓, 𝑔: 𝑅 → 𝑅 are defined respectively by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 1, 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥 −


3, find (𝑖)𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 (𝑖𝑖)𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 (𝑖𝑖𝑖)𝑓 ∘ 𝑓 (𝑖𝑣)𝑔 ∘ 𝑔.
2𝑥+3
13. Let 𝑓: 𝐴 → 𝐵 be a function defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = where 𝐴 = 𝑅 − {3}
𝑥−3

and 𝐵 = 𝑅 − {2}. Is the function 𝑓 one –one and onto? Is 𝑓


invertible? If yes, then find its inverse.
𝑛 − 1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑑𝑑
14. Let 𝑓: 𝑊 → 𝑊 be defined as 𝑓(𝑛) = { . Show that 𝑓 is
𝑛 + 1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
invertible. Find the inverse of 𝑓.
15. If the function 𝑓, 𝑔: 𝑅 → 𝑅, defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 3 & 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 5, then
find 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 and show that 𝑓 ∘ 𝑔 is invertible. Also find (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)−1, hence
find (𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)−1 (9).
16. Consider the function 𝑓: 𝑅+ → [−9, ∞) given by 𝑓(𝑥) = 5𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 9.
√54+5𝑦−3
Prove that ′𝑓′ is invertible with 𝑓 −1 (𝑦) = .
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VINOD AV | JNV THRISSUR

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