Scribd
Upload
59 views2 pages

Tute 2023 5

This document contains a tutorial sheet for a linear algebra course. It includes 14 problems related to eigenvalues, eigenvectors, diagonalization of matrices, and other topics in linear algebra. The problems involve finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors, verifying properties like Cayley-Hamilton theorem, determining if matrices are diagonalizable, exploring relationships between nullity, rank and eigenvalues, and more.

Uploaded by

Just Entertainment
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
59 views2 pages

Tute 2023 5

This document contains a tutorial sheet for a linear algebra course. It includes 14 problems related to eigenvalues, eigenvectors, diagonalization of matrices, and other topics in linear algebra. The problems involve finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors, verifying properties like Cayley-Hamilton theorem, determining if matrices are diagonalizable, exploring relationships between nullity, rank and eigenvalues, and more.

Uploaded by

Just Entertainment
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

MA 102 (Mathematics II)

IIT Guwahati

Tutorial Sheet No. 5 Linear Algebra April 24, 2023

1. Find eigenvalues, eigenvectors, algebraic and geometric multiplicities of eigenvalues of A.


   
3 1 0 0 4 0 1 0
   
 −1 1 0 0   0 4 1 1 
(a) A := 

 (b) A :=  0 0 1 2  .
  
 0 0 1 4   
0 0 1 1 0 0 3 0

2. Let A be a 3 × 3 matrix with eigenvalues λ1 = −1/3, λ2 := 1/3 and λ3 = 1, and the corresponding
eigenvectors v1 := [1, 0, 0]> , v2 := [1, 1, 0]> and v3 := [1, 1, 1]> . For v := [2, 1, 2]> , determine A20 v
and etA v.
 
1 1 0
3. Verify Cayley-Hamilton theorem for the matrix A :=  1 0 1  . Further, use Cayley-Hamilton
 

0 1 1
theorem to compute A−1 and A−2 by expressing each as a linear combination of I, A and A2 .

4. Determine whether A is diagonalizable and, if so, find an invertible matrix P and a diagonal matrix
D such that P −1 AP = D.
     
3 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
(a) A := 0 3 1 (b) A = 0 1 1 (c) A = 2 2 1 .
     

0 0 3 1 1 0 3 0 1

5. Determine the value of a for which A is diagonalizable.


     
1 0 a 1 a 0 1 1 a
(a) A = 0 1 0 (b) A = 0 2 0 (c) A = 1 1 a .
     

0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 a

6. Let A be a 6 × 6 matrix such that p(λ) := det (A − λI) = (1 + λ)(1 − λ)2 (2 − λ)3 . Show that it is not
possible to find LI vectors v1 , v2 , v3 such that Av1 = v1 , Av2 = v2 , Av3 = v3 . If A is diagonalizable
then determine the geometric multiplicities of the eigenvalues.

7. Let V := w ∈ R5 |w1 − w2 + w3 − w4 + w5 = 0 . Give linear transformations T1 , T2 , T3 : R3 −→ V




such that rank(Tj ) = j for j = 1, 2, 3. Does there exist a linear transformation T : R3 −→ V such
that T is onto? Justifiy your answer.

8. Find the change of basis matrices PC←B and PB←C for the bases B := [1, x, x2 ] and C := [1 + x, x +
x2 , 1 + x2 ] of P2 . Consider p(x) := 1 + 2x − x2 . Find [p]C using the change of basis matrix.

9. Let V, W be n and m dimensional vector spaces and T : V → W is a LT. Let [T ]C←B be the
matrix of T w.r.t ordered bases B = [v1 , . . . , vn ] and C = [w1 , . . . , wm ] of V and W, respectively. If
D = [v10 , . . . , vn0 ] and E = [w10 , . . . , wm
0 ] are also ordered bases of V and W respectively, then write

[T ]E←D in terms of [T ]C←B and change of basis matrices PD←B and PE←C .

10. True or False? Give justifications.


(a) If both A and A−1 has only integer entries, then det (A) = +1 or −1.
(b) If A and B are non square matrices such that both AB and BA are defined then either AB or
BA has a zero eigenvalue.
(c) If A is a 3×3 " # eigenvalues 0, 3, 4 and D is a 2×2 matrix with eigenvalues 0, 3 then the
matrix with
A B
matrix C := has eigenvalues 0, 3, 4 with algebraic multiplicities 2, 2, 1, respectively.
0 D
Hint: det (C − λI) = det (A − λI) det (D − λI).
(d) If an upper triangular matrix A with all diagonal entries equal to a is diagonalizable then
A = aI.
(e) Eigenvalues of real matrices occur in conjugate pair.

11. (a) If A is an n × n matrix" with nullity(A)


# = k, then show that there exists an invertible matrix P
0 B
such that P −1 AP = , where D is an (n − k) × (n − k) matrix.
0 D
Hint: Consider a basis {v1 , . . . , vk } of null(A) and extend it to a basis {v1 , . . . , vn } of Rn .
Define P := [v1 . . . vn ].
(b) Hence show that for any eigenvalue λ of A, algebraic multiplicity of λ ≥ the geometric multi-
plicity of λ.
(c) Deduce that rank(A) ≥ number of nonzero eigenvalues of A.

12. True or False? Give justifications.


(a) If A ∈ Rn×n (n > 2) has rank(A) = 2, then all its 3 × 3 submatrices are singular and it has at
least one 2 × 2 submatrix which is nonsingular.
(b) Let x be a nonzero vector. Then x is an eigenvector of A corresponding to an eigenvalue λ if
and only if x is an eigenvector of A2 corresponding to the eigenvalue λ2 .
(c) Let A be a nonzero matrix such that A31 = 0. Then A has all eigenvalues equal to 0 and A is
not diagonalizable.
(d) If A is diagonalizable then rank(A − λI) = rank(A − λI)2 for all λ ∈ C.

13. Find the eigenvalues of T and an ordered basis B of V such that [T ]B is a diagonal matrix for each
V and T given below.
(a) V := P3 and (T p)(x) := xp0 (x) + p00 (x) − p(2).
" #! " #
a b d b
(b) V := R2×2 and T := .
c d c a
(c) V := R2×2 and T (A) := A> + 2 Trace(A)I2 .

14. If A is a 3 × 3 matrix having eigenvalues 0, 2 and 3 with eigenvectors u, v and w, respectively, then
show that Ax = u has no solution. Find all solutions of Ax = v + w.
Hint: (For the first part) Note that null(A) = null(A2 ) (why?).

***

You might also like