Scribd
Upload
630 views

Notes For Use in Qualitative Analysis

The document provides details on qualitative analysis tests for chemistry, including: 1) Tests to identify common anions like carbonate, chloride, bromide, and iodide using silver nitrate tests or other common reagents. 2) Tests to identify common cations like aluminum, ammonium, calcium, chromium, and copper using sodium hydroxide and ammonia. 3) Tests to identify common gases like ammonia, carbon dioxide, chlorine, hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur dioxide using indicators or other chemical reactions. 4) Details flame tests that can be used to identify metal ions like lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, and copper(II) based on

Uploaded by

Arnav Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
630 views

Notes For Use in Qualitative Analysis

The document provides details on qualitative analysis tests for chemistry, including: 1) Tests to identify common anions like carbonate, chloride, bromide, and iodide using silver nitrate tests or other common reagents. 2) Tests to identify common cations like aluminum, ammonium, calcium, chromium, and copper using sodium hydroxide and ammonia. 3) Tests to identify common gases like ammonia, carbon dioxide, chlorine, hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur dioxide using indicators or other chemical reactions. 4) Details flame tests that can be used to identify metal ions like lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, and copper(II) based on

Uploaded by

Arnav Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry 0620 syllabus for 2023, 2024 and 2025.

  Details of the assessment

Notes for use in qualitative analysis


Tests for anions
anion test test result
2−
carbonate, CO3 add dilute acid, then test for carbon dioxide effervescence, carbon dioxide produced
gas
chloride, Cl  − acidify with dilute nitric acid, then add white ppt.
[in solution] aqueous silver nitrate
bromide, Br − acidify with dilute nitric acid, then add cream ppt.
[in solution] aqueous silver nitrate
iodide, I− acidify with dilute nitric acid, then add yellow ppt.
[in solution] aqueous silver nitrate
nitrate, NO3– add aqueous sodium hydroxide, then ammonia produced
[in solution] aluminium foil; warm carefully
sulfate, SO42− acidify with dilute nitric acid, then add white ppt.
[in solution] aqueous barium nitrate
sulfite, SO32− add a small volume of acidified aqueous the acidified aqueous
potassium manganate(VII) potassium manganate (VII) changes
colour from purple to colourless

Tests for aqueous cations


cation effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide effect of aqueous ammonia
3+
aluminium, Al  white ppt., soluble in excess, giving a white ppt., insoluble in excess
colourless solution
ammonium, NH4+ ammonia produced on warming —

calcium, Ca2+ white ppt., insoluble in excess no ppt. or very slight white ppt.
3+
chromium(III), Cr green ppt., soluble in excess green ppt., insoluble in excess
copper(II), Cu2+ light blue ppt., insoluble in excess light blue ppt., soluble in excess, giving a
dark blue solution
iron(II), Fe2+ green ppt., insoluble in excess, ppt. turns green ppt., insoluble in excess, ppt. turns
brown near surface on standing brown near surface on standing
iron(III), Fe3+ red-brown ppt., insoluble in excess red-brown ppt., insoluble in excess
2+
zinc, Zn white ppt., soluble in excess, giving a white ppt., soluble in excess, giving a
colourless solution colourless solution

Back to contents page www.cambridgeinternational.org/igcse 45


Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry 0620 syllabus for 2023, 2024 and 2025.  Details of the assessment

Tests for gases


gas test and test result
ammonia, NH3 turns damp red litmus paper blue
carbon dioxide, CO2 turns limewater milky
chlorine, Cl 2 bleaches damp litmus paper
hydrogen, H2 ‘pops’ with a lighted splint
oxygen, O2 relights a glowing splint
sulfur dioxide, SO2 turns acidified aqueous potassium manganate(VII) from purple to colourless

Flame tests for metal ions


metal ion flame colour
+
lithium, Li red
+
sodium, Na yellow
potassium, K+ lilac
2+
calcium, Ca orange-red
barium, Ba2+ light green
2+
copper(II), Cu blue-green

46 www.cambridgeinternational.org/igcse Back to contents page

You might also like