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Experiment 19

This document describes an experiment to detect the acidic and basic radicals in a given compound. It outlines the apparatus needed and procedures to test for an acidic radical like acetate and a basic radical like lead. For the acetate radical, tests include reaction with sulfuric acid which produces the smell of vinegar, reaction with oxalic acid also producing a vinegar smell, an ester test producing the smell of ethyl acetate, and a ferric chloride test producing a reddish filtrate. For the lead radical, tests include formation of a white precipitate with hydrochloric acid which is confirmed with potassium iodide and potassium chromate tests producing yellow precipitates. The result is identified as an acetate radical and lead radical.

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Beenu Singh
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129 views3 pages

Experiment 19

This document describes an experiment to detect the acidic and basic radicals in a given compound. It outlines the apparatus needed and procedures to test for an acidic radical like acetate and a basic radical like lead. For the acetate radical, tests include reaction with sulfuric acid which produces the smell of vinegar, reaction with oxalic acid also producing a vinegar smell, an ester test producing the smell of ethyl acetate, and a ferric chloride test producing a reddish filtrate. For the lead radical, tests include formation of a white precipitate with hydrochloric acid which is confirmed with potassium iodide and potassium chromate tests producing yellow precipitates. The result is identified as an acetate radical and lead radical.

Uploaded by

Beenu Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT-19

➢ AIM: To detect the acidic and basic radical in the given compound.

➢ APPARATUS REQUIRED: Test tube, test tube stand, ammonium acetate, potassium iodide,
potassium chromate, oxalic acid, concentrated H2SO4, ethyl alcohol, ferric chloride.
➢ PROCEDURE:

TEST FOR ACIDIC RADICAL -


EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Salt + dil.H2SO4 No observation Dilute group is absent
(CO32- , S2- , S032- , NO2-)
Salt + conc.H2SO4 Evolution of colourless CH3COO-
vapours with smell of vinegar (Acetate ion)
May be present
Oxalic Acid Test:
Salt + solid oxalic acid Smells like vinegar. Acetate is confirmed.
Prepare paste.
Ester Test:
Salt + concentrated H2SO4 + Pleasant fruity smell of ester. Acetate is confirmed.
heat. Now add ethyl alcohol,
shake and pour the contents in
a beaker full of H2O.
Ferric Chloride Test:
Take water extractor the salt + Reddish coloured filtrate. Acetate is confirmed.
neutral FeCl3 solution. Filter
and divide the filtrate into 2
parts: Reddish disappears.
1.) Add dilute HCl. Reddish brown ppt.
2.) Add H2O + boil.
TEST FOR BASIC RADICAL -
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
To the original solution of salt White precipitate is formed Pb2+ may be present.
add dil HCl
Boil the white ppt. with 5-10
ml of water and divide the
solution in 2 parts.
Potassium Iodide Test:
Dissolve the precipitate in hot Yellow precipitate. Lead is confirmed.
ammonium acetate +
potassium iodide.
Potassium Chromate Test:
Dissolve the precipitate in hot Yellow precipitate. Lead is confirmed.
ammonium acetate and KCrO4
solution to it.

➢ RESULT:
Acidic Radical - Acetate
Basic Radical - Lead
➢ PRECAUTIONS:
1. Handle reagents carefully.
2. Wash test tube after chemical reaction.
3. Do not use broken glassware.
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➢ CHEMICAL REACTIONS:
Oxalic Acid Test: (write the following reaction with pencil)
COOH COONa
┃ + 2CH3COONa ⟶┃ + 2CH3COOH
COOH COONa (Acetic Acid)
(Vinegar Smell)
Ester Test:
2CH3COONa + H2SO4 ⟶ Na2SO4 + 2CH3COOH
CH3COOH + C2H5OH ⟶ CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
(Ethyl Acetate)
(Fruity Smell)
Ferric Chloride Test:

3CH3COONa + FeCl3 → (CH3COO)3Fe + 3NaCl

(CH3COO)3Fe + 2H2O → (CH3COO) (OH)2Fe ↓ + 2CH3COOH


Reddish broom ppt.

Blank page 2 (In correspondence to 2nd page)


Reactions Involved In Group One Analysis:
Pb (NO3)2 + 2HCl ⟶ PbCl2 + 2HNO3
(White Precipitate)
Potassium Iodide Test: (write the following reaction with pencil)
PbCl2 + 2KI ⟶ PbI2 + 2KCl
(Yellow Precipitate)
Potassium Chromate Test: (write the following reaction with pencil)

PbCl2 + K2CrO4 ⟶ PbCrO4 + 2KCl


(Hot Solution) (Yellow Precipitate)

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