UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS

October/November 2022

MAT3700
Mathematics III (Engineering)

Duration: 3 hours Marks: 100

Examiners:
First: Ms LE Greyling Second: Mr S Blose
External: Dr JN Mwambakana

Use of a non‐programmable pocket calculator is permissible
This is a closed book examination and IRIS invigilated.

This examination question paper consists of 4 pages including the cover pages plus
Formulae sheets (pages 4 to 8) plus
A table of integrals (pages 9 and 10) plus
A table of Laplace transforms (page 11).

Examination rules:

1. Students must upload their answer scripts in a single PDF file (answer scripts must not be
password protected or uploaded as “read only” files).

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processes.

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deemed to have transgressed Unisa’s examination rules and will have their marks
withheld. 
 -2- MAT3700
OCT/NOV 2022

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Students experiencing the above challenges are advised to apply for an aegrotat and
submit supporting evidence within ten days of the examination session. Students will not
be able to apply for an aegrotat for a third examination opportunity. If this October 2022
examination is a supplementary or aegrotat you must reregister for the module in 2023.

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080 000 1870 or via e-mail [email protected] or refer to the Get- Help resource
for the list of additional contact numbers. Only communication received from your
myLife account will be considered Include screenshots of your problem.
 -3- MAT3700
OCT/NOV 2022
QUESTION 1
Solve the following first order differential equations:

1.1  x y  xy  y  dx   x y  2x  dy  0 by separating the variables.

2 2 2
(8)

1.2  y  5xy  dx    x  dy  0 using the substitution y  vx .

2 2
(8)

[16]

QUESTION 2
Find the general solution for the following differential equation using the method of

d 2y dy
undetermined coefficients 2  y  e 2 x . (9)
dx dx
[9]

QUESTION 3
Find the general solutions of the following differential equations using D-operator methods:
3.1 D 2

 2D  2 y  sin 2 x
(9)
3.2 D 2

 D  2 y  5x  3 (8)
[17]

QUESTION 4
Solve only for x in the following set of simultaneous differential equations by using
D-operator methods:
dx dy
  5 x  3 y  e t
dt dt (10)
dx dy
2   xy 3
dt dt
[10]

QUESTION 5
5.1 
Determine the Laplace transform of 5  3t  4 sin 2t  6e 4t  (4)

 s7 
5.2 Find the inverse Laplace transform of  2 . (5)
 s  2s  5 
[9]

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 -4- MAT3700
OCT/NOV 2022

QUESTION 6
Determine the unique solution of the following differential equation by using Laplace

transforms: y ''(t )  6y '(t )  9y (t )  t 2e3t , if y (0)  2 and y '(0)  6 . (9)

[9]

QUESTION 7
d 2i di i
The equation of a particular electrical circuit is given by 20 2
 80   0 , if i (0)  0
dt dt 0.01
and i '(0)  5 . Determine the current at any time t > 0 and discuss the solution as t   .
(8)
[8]

QUESTION 8
1 3 0
Given A   1 2 1  , find
 2 1 1
8.1 the eigenvalues of A .       (6)
8.2 an eigenvector corresponding to   1. (5)
[11]

QUESTION 9
Determine the first four terms in the Fourier series for the function f (t ) with period 2 given
f (t )  t 2 ,    t  . (12)
[12]
Full marks = 100
©
UNISA 2022

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 -5-
-4- MATHEMATICS III (MAT3700)
May/June 2022
October/November

FORMULA SHEETS
ALGEBRA Factors

a 3  b 3  a  b  a 2  ab  b 2 
Laws of indices
a3  b3  a  b a 2
 ab  b 2 
1. a m  a n  a mn
am
2. n
 a mn
a
3. a  m n
 
 a mn  a n
m
Partial fractions
f x 
m
A B C
4. a  n am
n   
 x  a  x  b x  c   x  a   x  b   x  c 
1 1
5. a n  n and an 
a a n
f x  A B C D
6. a 1
0
   
x  a  x  b
3
x  a  x  a  x  a  x  b
2 3

7. ab  a b
n

8.
a an
   n f x  Ax  B C
 
b b   
ax  bx  c  x  d  ax  bx  c  x  d 
2 2

Logarithms
Definitions: If y  a x then x  log a y
If y  e x then x  n y Quadratic formula
1. log A  B   log A  log B
If ax 2  bx  c  0
 A
2. log   log A  log B  b  b 2  4ac
B then x
3. log An  n log A 2a
log b A
4. log a A
log b a
5. a loga f  f  e n f  f

Determinants
a11 a12 a13
a a 23 a a 23 a a 22
a 21 a 22 a 23  a11 22  a12 21  a13 21
a 32 a 33 a 31 a 33 a 31 a 32
a 31 a 32 a 33
 a11 a 22 a 33  a 32 a 23   a12 a 21 a 33  a 31 a 23   a13 a 21 a 32  a 31 a 22 

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 -6-
-5- MATHEMATICS III (MAT3700)
May/June 2022
October/November

SERIES
Binomial Theorem

a  b n  a n  na n 1b  nn  1 a n  2 b 2  nn  1n  2 a n 3 b 3  ....

2! 3!
and b  a

1  x n  1  nx  nn  1 x 2  nn  1n  2 x 3  ...

2! 3!
and  1  x  1

Maclaurin’s Theorem
f 0  f 0  2 f 0  3 f n 1 0  n 1
f  x   f 0  x x  x  x 
1! 2! 3! n  1!

Taylor’s Theorem
f a 
x  a   f a  x  a 2  f a  x  a 3    f a  x  a n1  
  n 1
f  x   f a  
1! 2! 3! n  1!
h2 h n1 n1
f a  h   f a   f a   f a     f a   
h
1! 2! n  1!
COMPLEX NUMBERS
1. z  a  bj  r cos   j sin   r   re j , 7. De Moivre's Theorem
 r   r n n  r n  cos n  j sin n 
n
where j 2  1
Modulus : r z  a 2
 b2 
1
8. z has n distinct roots:
n
b
Argument :   arg z  arc tan 1 1
  k 360
a z  rn
n
with k  0, 1, 2, , n  1
2. Addition : n
a  jb   c  jd   a  c   j b  d  9. re j  r  cos   j sin  
3. Subtraction :    re j   r cos  and   re j   r sin 
a  jb   c  jd   a  c   j b  d 
10. e a  jb  e a  cos b  j sin b 
4. If m  jn  p  jq, then m  p and n  q
11. n re j  n r  j
5. Multiplication : z1 z 2  r1 r2 1   2 
z1 r1
6. Division :  1   2 
z 2 r2

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 -7-
-6- MATHEMATICS III (MAT3700)
May/June 2022
October/November

GEOMETRY MENSURATION
y  mx  c 1. Circle: (  in radians)
1. Straight line:
y  y1  m x  x1 
Area  r 2
1
Perpendiculars, then m1  Circumference  2r
m2
Arc length   r 
2. Angle between two lines:
m  m2 1 1
Sector area  r 2  r
tan   1 2 2
1  m1 m 2
1 2
3. Circle: Segment area  r    sin  
2
x2  y2  r 2
2. Ellipse:
 x  h 2   y  k 2  r 2 Area  ab
4. Parabola: Circumference  a  b 
y  ax 2  bx  c 3. Cylinder:
b Volume  r 2 h
axis at x 
2a Surface area  2rh  2r 2
5. Ellipse: 4. Pyramid:
x2 y2 1
 1 Volume  area base  height
a2 b2 3
5. Cone:
6. Hyperbola:
xy  k 1
Volume  r 2 h
3
x2 y2
  1 round x - axis  Curved surface  r
a2 b2
6. Sphere:
x2 y2
 2  2  1 round y - axis  A  4r 2
a b 4
STATISTICS V  r 3
3
f x
x i i 7. Trapezoidal rule:
n 1 b  a 
 f  x0   2 f  x1     2 f  xn1   f  xn  
2  n  
 f i  xi  x 
2

s
n 1 8. Simpson’s rule:
1 b  a 
[ f  x0   4 f  x1   2 f  x2   4 f  x3  
n
 nL 3  n 
Me  L  2 c 2 f  x4     2 f  xn2   4 f  xn 1   f  xn ]
f me
9. Mid-Ordinate rule
b  a 
 f m  f m 1   n   f  m1   f  m2     f  mn1   f  mn  
M0  L   c
 2 f m  f m 1  f m 1 

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 -8-
-7- MATHEMATICS III (MAT3700)
May/June 2022
October/November

HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS Compound angle addition and subtraction

e e x x formulae:
sinh x  sin(A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B
2
sin(A - B) = sin A cos B - cos A sin B
e  e x
x
cos(A + B) = cos A cos B - sin A sin B
Definitions: cosh x 
2 cos(A - B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B
e  ex
x
tan A  tan B
tanh x  x tan  A  B  
e  e x 1  tan A tan B
tan A  tan B
Identities: tan  A  B  
1  tan A tan B
cosh 2 x  sinh 2 x  1
1  tanh 2 x  sech 2 x Double angles:
sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A
coth 2 x  1  cosech 2 x cos 2A = cos2A – sin2A
1 = 2cos2A - 1
sinh 2 x  cosh 2 x  1
2 = 1 - 2sin2A
2
1 sin A = ½(1 - cos 2A)
cosh 2 x  cosh 2 x  1 cos2 A = ½(1 + cos 2A)
2
2 tan A
sinh 2 x  2 sinh x cosh x tan 2 A 
1  tan 2 A
cosh 2 x  cosh 2 x  sinh 2 x
 2 cosh 2 x  1 Products of sines and cosines into sums or
differences:
 1  2 sinh 2 x sin A cos B = ½(sin (A + B) + sin (A - B))
TRIGONOMETRY cos A sin B = ½(sin (A + B) - sin (A - B))
cos A cos B = ½(cos (A + B) + cos (A - B))
Identities: sin A sin B = -½(cos (A + B) - cos (A - B))
sin 2   cos 2   1
Sums or differences of sines and cosines into
1 + tan 2  = sec 2  products:
cot 2  + 1 = cosec 2  x  y  x y 
sin x  sin y  2 sin   cos 
sin(-) = - sin  2   2 
cos (-) =  cos  x  y   x y 
sin x  sin y  2 cos  sin  
tan (-) = - tan  2   2 
sin x  y  x y 
tan  cos x  cos y  2 cos  cos 
cos  2   2 
 x  y   x y 
cos x  cos y  2 sin  sin  
 2   2 

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 -8-
-9- MATHEMATICS III (MAT3700)
May/June 2022
October/November

d f '( x)
DIFFERENTIATION 10. sin 1 f ( x) 
1   f ( x)
dx 2

dy f x  h  f x  d  f '( x)
1.  lim 11. cos 1 f ( x) 
dx h  0 h
1   f ( x) 
dx 2
d
2. k  0 d f '( x)
dx 12. tan 1 f ( x) 
1   f ( x)
dx 2
d
3. ax n  anx n 1 1
dx d  f '( x)
13. cot f ( x) 
1   f ( x) 
d dx 2
4. f .g  f .g ' g. f '
dx d f '( x)
14. sec 1 f ( x) 
d f g . f ' f .g '
f  x   f ( x)   1
dx 2
5. 
dx g g2
d  f '( x)
15. cosec 1 f ( x) 
6.  f ( x)  n f ( x) . f ' ( x)
d n n 1
f  x   f ( x)  1
dx 2
dx
dy dy du dv d f '( x)
7.  . . 16. sinh 1 f ( x) 
dx du dv dx dx
 f ( x)2  1
8. Parametric equations d f '( x)
dy 17. cosh 1 f ( x) 
dy
dx
 f ( x)2  1
 dt
dx dx d f '( x)
18. tanh 1 f ( x) 
1   f ( x) 
dt dx 2

d  dy  d f '( x)
d y dt  dx 
2 19. coth 1 f ( x) 
1   f ( x)
2
 dx
dx 2 dx
d  f '( x)
dt 20. sech 1 f ( x) 
f  x  1   f ( x) 
9. Maximum/minimum dx 2
For turning points: f '(x) = 0
d  f '( x)
Let x = a be a solution for the above 21. cosech 1 f ( x) 
f  x   f ( x)   1
dx 2
If f ''(a) > 0, then a minimum
If f ''(a) < 0, then a maximum z z z
For points of inflection: f" (x) = 0 22. Increments: z  . x  . y  . w
x y w
Let x = b be a solution for the above
23. Rate of change:
Test for inflection: f (b - h) and f(b + h)
dz  z dx  z dy  z dw
Change sign or f '"(b) if f '"(b) exists  .  .  .
dt  x dt  y dt  w dt

INTEGRATION
b
  dy 
2
1. By parts :  udv  uv -  vdu 2. S   1    dx
  dx 
a
1 b 1 b 2
3. Mean value = 
b-a a
y dx 4. R.M.S.  
b-a a
y dx

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 -9-
-10- MATHEMATICS III (MAT3700)
May/June 2022
October/November

TABLE OF INTEGRALS 
 
(n 1 )
ax
1.  ax n dx 
n 1
 c, n  1
n 1
 f(x)
  f(x)
n
2. .f'(x) dx   c, n  1
n 1

 f (x)
3.  dx  n f(x)  c
 f(x)

4.  f (x).e f(x) dx  e f(x)  c

a f(x)
5.  f (x).a f(x) dx 
n a
c

6.  f (x).sin f(x) dx   cos f(x)  c

7.  f (x). cos f(x) dx  sin f(x)  c

8.  f ( x). tan f(x) dx  n sec f(x)  c

9.  f (x).cot f(x) dx  n sin f(x)  c

10.  f (x).sec f(x) dx  n sec f(x)  tan f(x)  c

11.   cosec f(x) dx

f (x).  n cosec f(x)  cot f(x)  c

12.  f (x).sec 2 f(x) dx  tan f(x)  c

13.  f (x).cosec 2 f(x) dx   cot f(x)  c

14.  f (x).sec f(x). tan f(x) dx  sec f(x)  c

15.  f (x).cosec f(x).cot f(x) dx  cosec f(x)  c

16.  f (x).sinh f(x) dx  cosh f(x)  c

17.  f (x).cosh f(x) dx  sinh f(x)  c

18.  f (x). tanh f(x) dx  n cosh f(x)  c

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May/June 2022
October/November

19.  f (x). coth f(x) dx  n sinh f(x)  c

20.  f (x).sech 2 f(x) dx  tanh f  x   c

21.  f (x). cosech 2 f(x) dx   coth f  x   c

22.  f (x).sechf(x). tanh f  x  dx  sech f(x)  c

23.   cosech f(x). coth f(x) dx  cosech f(x)  c

f (x).


 f  x  f  x 
24.  dx  arc sin    c


 a 2   f  x  
2  a 

f  x  f  x 

 1
25.  dx  arc tan    c
 f  x    a 2
 a


2
 a 


 f  x  f  x 
26.  dx  arc sinh    c


  f  x    a 2
2  a 


 f  x  f  x 
27.  dx  arc cosh    c
 a

  f  x    a 2
2  

f  x  f  x 

 1
28.  dx  arc tanh    c
a 2   f  x  
 a a


2
 

f  x  f  x 

 1
29.  dx   arc coth    c
 f  x    a 2
 a


2
 a 

 2 a2  f  x  f  x 2 2
30. 
 f   x  a 2   f  x   dx  arc sin   a   f  x    c
 2  a  2

 2 a2  f  x  f  x 2
31. 
 f   x   f  x    a 2 dx  arc sinh    f  x    a 2  c
 2  a  2

 2 a2  f  x  f  x 2
32. 
 f  x   f  x    a dx   arc cosh 
   2
  f  x    a 2  c
 2  a  2

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TABLE OF LAPLACE TRANSFORMS

f  t  = L 1 F  s  F  s   L  f  t 
a a
s
tn n!
n 1
, n  1, 2,3, 
s
1
ebt s b
sin at a
s2 a2
cos at s
s2 a2
sinh at a
2 2
s a
cosh at s
2 2
s a
t n e bt n! , n  1, 2, 3, 
( s b )n 1
t sin at 2 as
( s 2  a 2 )2
t cos at s 2 a 2
( s 2  a 2 )2
t sinh at 2 as
( s 2  a 2 )2
t cosh at s2 a2
( s 2  a 2 )2

ebt sin at a
 s b  2  a 2
e bt cos at ( s b )
 s b  2  a 2
e bt sinh at a
 s b  2  a 2
e bt cosh at  s b 
 s b  2  a 2
H t  c  e cs
s
H t  c .F t  c  cs
e . f s
t  a  e  as

L  f (t )  F ( s)
L  f '(t )  sF ( s)  f (0)
L  f "(t )  s 2 F ( s)  sf (0)  f '(0)
L  f '''(t )  s3 F ( s)  s 2 f (0)  sf '(0)  f ''(0)
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UNISA 2022