Answer all questions

1 The table gives the composition of three particles.

number of number of number of

particle
protons electrons neutrons
15
A 15 16
15
B 15 16
15
C 15 17

(a) What is the evidence in the table for each of the following?

(i) Particle A is an atom.

[1]

(ii) A, B and C are all particles of the same element.

[1]

(iii) Particles A and C are isotopes of the same element.

[2]

(b) (i) What is the electronic structure of particle A?

[1]

(ii) Is element A, a metal or a non-metal? Give a reason for your choice.

[1]

[Total: 6]

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2 Protons, neutrons and electrons are subatomic particles.

(a) Complete the table to show the relative mass and relative charge of a proton, a neutron and an
electron.

particle relative mass relative charge

proton

neutron
1
electron
1840
[3]

(b) Bromine has two isotopes.

(i) Define the term isotope.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Explain why the two isotopes of bromine have the same chemical properties.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) The table shows the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in some atoms and ions.

Complete the table.

[5]

[Total: 12]
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3 (a) (i) Define the term atomic number.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Define the term nucleon number.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) The table shows the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in some atoms or ions.

Complete the table. The first line is given as an example.

[6]

[Total: 9]

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4 (a) The table below gives information about particles.

Complete the table. The first line has been done for you.

number of number of electronic charge on

particle
protons electrons configuration particle
A 12 10 2,8 2+

B 18 2,8,8 1–

C 18 2,8,8 0

D 8 10
[4]

(b) Gallium is a Group III element.

Define the term element.

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) The following are gallium atoms.

Complete the following table.

[3]

[Total: 8]

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 5 (a) The symbols of six particles are shown below.
Na+ Ca2+ Kr P Si O2–

Select from the list of particles to answer the following questions. A particle may be selected
once, more than once or not at all.

(i) Which two ions have the same electronic structure? .......................................................... [1]

(ii) Which ion has the same electronic structure as an atom of argon? .................................... [1]

(iii) Which atom can form an ion of the type X3–? ................................................................. [1]

(iv) Which atom can form a hydride which has a formula of the type XH4? .......................... [1]

(b) (i) How many protons, neutrons and electrons are there in one copper (II) ion 64
29 Cu ?
2+

Number of protons .....................

Number of neutrons .....................

Number of electrons .....................

[2]
45
(ii) 21 Sc represents an atom of scandium.
How many nucleons and how many charged particles are there in one atom of scandium?

Number of nucleons.................................

Number of charged particles.....................

[2]
(c) Two different atoms of sodium are 23 24
11 Na and11 Na.
(i) Explain why these two atoms are isotopes.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) 24
11 Na is radioactive. It changes into an atom of a different element which has one more proton.
Identify this element.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) State two uses of radioactive isotopes.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 13]
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6 Complete the following table which gives the number of protons, electrons and neutrons in each of
the five particles.

[Total: 8]

7 The table below gives the composition of six particles which are either atoms or ions.

particle number of protons number of neutrons number of electrons

A 33 40 33
B 19 20 18
C 34 45 36
D 33 42 33
E 13 14 13
F 24 28 21

(a) Which particles are atoms? Explain your choice.

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

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 (b) Which particle is a negative ion and why has this particle got a negative charge?

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [2]

(c) Which particles are positive ions?

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) Explain why particle A and particle D are isotopes.

..............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

8 (a) The structure of a typical ionic compound is a regular arrangement of positive and negative
ions.

(i) What is the name of this regular arrangement of particles?

................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Give two physical properties of ionic compounds.

..........................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................... [2]

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(b) Ions are formed by electron loss or gain. The electron distribution of a magnesium atom
is 2 + 8 + 2 and of a nitrogen atom is 2 + 5.
(i) Give the formula of the magnesium ion

................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Give the formula of the nitride ion.

................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) What is the formula of the ionic compound, magnesium nitride?

................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iv)In this compound there is an ionic bond. Why are the two ions attracted to each other?

................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total Marks: 70]

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