Assignment 23: AC 2, Power, and Resonance

Due: 8:00am on Monday, December 6, 2010

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A Resistor and a Capacitor in a Series AC Circuit

A resistor with resistance and a capacitor with capacitance are connected in series to an AC voltage . source. The time-dependent voltage across the capacitor is given by Part A What is the amplitude Hint A.1 of the total current in the circuit?

How to approach the problem Hint not displayed

Hint A.2

Applying Ohm's law to a capacitor Hint not displayed

Hint A.3

The reactance of a capacitor Hint not displayed

Express your answer in terms of any or all of ANSWER:

, and

= Correct

Part B What is the amplitude Hint B.1 Relating of the voltage across the resistor? to Hint not displayed Express your answer in terms of ANSWER: = Correct , , , and .

Part C

If Hint C.1

, and

, what is

Calculating the answer Hint not displayed

Express your answer numerically, in millivolts, to the nearest integer. ANSWER: = 3 mV

Correct

A Voltage-Driven Parallel L-C Circuit

An AC source that provides a voltage capacitor having capacitance drives an inductor having inductance and a , all connected in parallel.

Part A Recall that the currents respective voltages statements is true? ANSWER: and and leads lags Correct The phase angle between voltage and current for inductors and capacitors is radians. Among both lag their respective voltages. both lead their respective voltages. and and lags leads . . and and through the inductor and capacitor are not in phase with their . In particular, for a sinusoidal voltage driver, which of the following

other things, this means that no power is dissipated in either, since the time-averaged product of

other things, this means that no power is dissipated in either, since the time-averaged product of current and voltage (= power) is zero: .

Part B What is the amplitude of the current through the voltage source? In other words, if the time-dependent current is , what is the value of ? Hint B.1 Voltage in a parallel circuit Hint not displayed Hint B.2 Current through the capacitor Hint not displayed Hint B.3 The current through the inductor Hint not displayed Hint B.4 Total current Hint not displayed Express the amplitude of the current ANSWER: = Correct in terms of , , , and .

Part C With and representing the respective magnitudes of the currents through the inductor and

capacitor, which of the following statements is true? ANSWER: At very high frequency At very high frequency for all frequencies. for all frequencies. and Correct are about the same at all frequencies. and at very low frequency and at very low frequency . .

Part D The L-C circuit is one example of a system that can exhibit resonance behavior. The resonant frequency

is

. At this frequency, what is the amplitude of the current supplied by the voltage source? and any other need terms from the problem introduction.

Express your answer in terms of ANSWER: = 0

Correct

Part E Which of the following statements best describes the implications of the result that ? ANSWER: when

The currents The current The current The current changing. Correct

are zero at all times. and are not.

is zero at all times although

is zero only when the voltage is zero. is zero only when the amplitude of the voltage is not

At the resonant frequency of the circut, the voltage source can supply voltage easily because the parallel L-C circuit draws no current at all! (For this reason, a parallel L-C circuit can be used as a filter to pass signals at the resonance frequency.) Of course, the same current flows in the inductor and the capacitor as the current that flows when they are driven separately by the voltage source. However, the currents are exactly out of phase, so that the net effect is a current circulating around the loop made by the capacitor and the inductor without passing into or out of the voltage source.

Alternating Current, LC circuit

A capacitor with capacitance and inductor 2 with inductance is connected in parallel to two inductors: inductor 1 with inductance , as shown in the figure. The capacitor is charged up to a voltage , , at

which point it has a charge . There is no current in the inductors. Then the switch is closed.

Part A Since the two inductors are in parallel, the voltage across them is the same at any time. Hence, , where and are the reactances of inductors 1 and 2, and and the currents through them. Use this equality to express Hint A.1 The reactance of an inductor Hint not displayed Express your answer in terms of ANSWER: . in terms of . are

= Correct

Part B What is the effective inductance Hint B.1 of the inductors 1 and 2 in the circuit?

Formulas for effective inductance Hint not displayed

Express your answer in terms of ANSWER: = Correct

Part C Find the maximum current Hint C.1 through inductor 1.

Use conservation of energy to find the total maximum current Hint not displayed

Express your answer in terms of ANSWER: = Correct

, and

Problem 31.42

Five infinite-impedance voltmeters, calibrated to read rms values, are connected as shown in figure . Let 200 0.400 , 6.00 and 30.0 .

Part A What is the reading of the voltmeter ANSWER: = 5.44 Correct if 200 ?

Part B What is the reading of the voltmeter ANSWER: = 2.18 Correct if 200 ?

Part C What is the reading of the voltmeter ANSWER: = 22.7 Correct if 200 ?

Part D What is the reading of the voltmeter ANSWER: = 20.5 Correct if 200 ?

Part E What is the reading of the voltmeter if 200 ?

ANSWER:

= 21.2 Correct

Part F What is the reading of the voltmeter ANSWER: = 13.8 Correct if 1000 ?

Part G What is the reading of the voltmeter ANSWER: = 27.6 Correct if 1000 ?

Part H What is the reading of the voltmeter ANSWER: = 11.5 Correct if 1000 ?

Part I What is the reading of the voltmeter ANSWER: = 16.1 Correct if 1000 ?

Part J What is the reading of the voltmeter ANSWER: = 21.2 Correct if 1000 ?

Exercise 31.29
An L-R-C series circuit a frequency of 408 . = 0.118 , = 242 , and = 7.35 carries an rms current of 0.455 with

Part A What is the phase angle? ANSWER: = 0.801 radians Correct

Part B What is the power factor for this circuit? ANSWER: 0.696 Correct

Part C What is the impedance of the circuit? ANSWER: = 348 Correct

Part D What is the rms voltage of the source? ANSWER: = 158 Correct

Part E What average power is delivered by the source? ANSWER: = 50.1 Correct

Part F What is the average rate at which electrical energy is converted to thermal energy in the resistor? ANSWER: = 50.1 Correct

Part G What is the average rate at which electrical energy is dissipated (converted to other forms) in the capacitor? ANSWER: 0

Correct

Part H What is the average rate at which electrical energy is dissipated (converted to other forms) in the inductor? ANSWER: 0 Correct

Resonance in an R-L-C Circuit

In an L-R-C series circuit, the resistance is 340 ohms, the inductance is 0.400 henrys, and the capacitance is 1.60!10"2 microfarads. Part A What is the resonance angular frequency Hint A.1 of the circuit?

Definition of the resonance angular frequency Hint not displayed

Hint A.2

Relationship between current and voltage amplitudes Hint not displayed

Hint A.3

What is an expression for impedance? Hint not displayed

Hint A.4

Finding the formula for the resonant frequency Hint not displayed

Express your answer in radians per second to three significant figures. ANSWER:
4 = 1.25!10 Correct

Part B The capacitor can withstand a peak voltage of 600 volts. If the voltage source operates at the resonance frequency, what maximum voltage amplitude can the source have if the maximum capacitor voltage is not exceeded? Hint B.1 Voltage across a capacitor

In a series L-R-C circuit the voltage across a capacitor is given by the equation ,

where and

is the voltage across the capacitor, is the capacitive reactance.

is the amplitude of the current through the capacitor,

Hint B.2

Current at the resonance frequency is equal to the resistance . As a result,

Recall that at the resonance frequency the impedance the current in the system is given by

. Since we know the maximum voltage that the

capacitor can handle, we should be able to combine this equation and the equation for capacitor voltage to determine a maximum source voltage . Express your answer in volts to three significant figures. ANSWER: = 40.8 Correct

Problem 31.68
A resistance amplitude Part A If , the resonance angular frequency, find the maximum current in the resistor. , , , and . , capacitance , and inductance . are connected in series to a voltage source with and variable angular frequency

Express your answer in terms of the variables ANSWER: = Correct

Part B

Find the maximum voltage across the capacitor. Express your answer in terms of the variables ANSWER: = Correct , , , and .

Part C Find the maximum voltage across the inductor. Express your answer in terms of the variables ANSWER: = Correct , , , and .

Part D Find the maximum energy stored in the capacitor. Express your answer in terms of the variables ANSWER: = Correct , , , and .

Part E Find the maximum energy stored in the inductor. Express your answer in terms of the variables ANSWER: = Correct , , , and .

Score Summary:
Your score on this assignment is 100.6%. You received 10.06 out of a possible total of 10 points.