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Lecture8 - Genes in Population

This document defines key genetic terms related to populations: 1) A population is a group of interbreeding individuals sharing a common gene pool. The gene pool is the total of all genes present in a population. 2) Gene frequencies refer to the proportion of alleles in a population. For example, in a population with 25 DD, 30 Dd, and 10 dd individuals, the frequency of the D allele is 0.6154. 3) Genotypic frequencies are the proportions of genotypes in a population. In the example, the frequencies are 0.3846 for DD, 0.4615 for Dd, and 0.1538 for dd. 4) Hardy-Weinberg

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Gideon Cavida
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51 views

Lecture8 - Genes in Population

This document defines key genetic terms related to populations: 1) A population is a group of interbreeding individuals sharing a common gene pool. The gene pool is the total of all genes present in a population. 2) Gene frequencies refer to the proportion of alleles in a population. For example, in a population with 25 DD, 30 Dd, and 10 dd individuals, the frequency of the D allele is 0.6154. 3) Genotypic frequencies are the proportions of genotypes in a population. In the example, the frequencies are 0.3846 for DD, 0.4615 for Dd, and 0.1538 for dd. 4) Hardy-Weinberg

Uploaded by

Gideon Cavida
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENES IN POPULATIONS

Population
 a group of sexually interbreeding individuals sharing a
common gene pool
Gene pool
 the sum total of all genes present in the reproductive
gametes of all members of a population
Gene frequencies
 refers to the relative proportion of one allele of a gene to
all the alleles of the same gene in the population

Gene frequency
=
Consider a population with 25 individuals with
a genotype DD, 30 individuals with
genotype Dd, and 10 individuals with
genotype dd.
DD=25
Dd=30
dd=10
fD =

= 0.6154 =61.54%
DD=25
Dd=30
fd = dd=10

=0.3846 = 38.46%
Genotypic frequencies
 The relative proportion of a specific genotype for a gene
to all the genotypes for the same gene in a population

genotype frequency
=
fDD =

= = 0.3846= 38.46%

fDd =

= =0.4615 =46.15%

fdd =

= = 0.1538 =15.39%
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

 In a large population, where no external forces that


affect the gene and genotypic frequencies is acting
on the population, a genetic equilibrium state is
achieved after one generation of random mating
wherein the genotypic frequencies do not change
from generation to generation over time.
 p+q=1
 p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

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