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Homework 2 Sol

This document contains the solutions to homework problems involving Laplace transforms and differential equations. There are three problems solved: 1) Finding the solution to a differential equation using Laplace transforms. 2) Solving another differential equation using Laplace transforms and verifying the solution in MATLAB. 3) Solving a third differential equation involving partial fraction expansion and determining the transfer function, poles, zeros, and response to a sinusoidal input, verifying in MATLAB.

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35 views

Homework 2 Sol

This document contains the solutions to homework problems involving Laplace transforms and differential equations. There are three problems solved: 1) Finding the solution to a differential equation using Laplace transforms. 2) Solving another differential equation using Laplace transforms and verifying the solution in MATLAB. 3) Solving a third differential equation involving partial fraction expansion and determining the transfer function, poles, zeros, and response to a sinusoidal input, verifying in MATLAB.

Uploaded by

Matondo Reuben
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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T HE U NIVERSITY OF T EXAS AT S AN A NTONIO HOMEWORK # 2 SOLUTIONS

EE 3413 Ahmad F. Taha


A NALYSIS AND D ESIGN OF C ONTROL S YSTEMS January 26, 2016

The objective of this homework is to test your understanding of the content of Module 2—Laplace
transforms, transfer functions, partial fraction expansion, and ODE solutions. Provide neat solutions,
with well-written answers. You need to have the Laplace transform table around you when you’re
doing the homework. Due date of the homework is: Thursday, January 28th, 2016.
You have to upload a scanned version of your solutions on Blackboard. If you don’t have a scanner
around you, you can use Cam Scanner—a mobile app that scans images in a neat way, as if they’re
scanned through a copier. Here’s the link for Cam Scanner: https://www.camscanner.com/user/
download.

1. Using Laplace transforms, solve the following differential equation for y(t):

y0 (t) − y(t) = e3t ,

given that the initial value for y(t) is y(0) = 2.


Solution:
Applying the LT, we get:
1
sY (s) − y(0) − Y (s) = .
s−3
Hence,
2 1 2 A B
Y (s) = + = + + .
s − 1 (s − 1)(s − 3) s−1 s−1 s−3
Via partial fraction expansion, A = −0.5, B = 0.5. Therefore, we can obtain y(t) by taking the
inverse Laplace transform:

y(t) = 2et − 0.5et + 0.5e3t = 1.5et + 0.5e3t .

2. Using Laplace transforms, solve the following differential equation for y(t):

y00 (t) − 10y0 (t) + 9y(t) = 5t,

given that y(0) = −1 and y0 (0) = 2. Verify your answers on MATLAB via the ilaplace com-
mand.
Solution:
We can immediately apply the Laplace transform the above ODE:

5 5 + 12s2 − s3 A B C D
(s2 − 10s + 9)Y (s) + s − 2 − 10 = ⇒ Y ( s ) = = + 2+ + .
s2 s2 (s − 9)(s − 1) s s s−9 s−1

Using the techniques we discussed in class, we can find the residuals of Y (s). First, we start with
s2 and s − 1, s − 9. These are the easiest terms to find:
5 31
B = s2 Y (s)|s=0 = ≈ 0.55, C = (s − 9)Y (s)|s=9 = ≈ 0.38, C = (s − 1)Y (s)|s=1 = −2.
9 81
Using these coefficients, we can find A by substituting s = 2 (or any other number that isn’t a
50
pole). Consequently, A = 81 ≈ 0.61. Therefore:
 
−1 −1 A B C D
y(t) = L [Y (s)] = L + 2+ + = 0.61 + 0.55t + 0.38e9t − 2et .
s s s−9 s−1

To solve this problem with MATLAB, we can write this short script:

1
>> syms s t
>> Y=(5+12*s^2-s^3)/((s^2)*(s-9)*(s-1))

Y =

(- s^3 + 12*s^2 + 5)/(s^2*(s - 1)*(s - 9))

>> y=ilaplace(Y)

y =

(5*t)/9 + (31*exp(9*t))/81 - 2*exp(t) + 50/81

% This verifies our answer.

3. For this differential equation:


y00 (t) − 6y0 (t) + 15y(t) = 2u(t),
solve the following problems:
Y (s)
(a) The transfer function .
U (s)
(b) The poles and zeros (if any) of the transfer function.
(c) Given that u(t) = sin(3t), y(0) = −1, y0 (0) = −4, find y(t) using partial fraction expansion.
You might need to solve multiple linear equations with multiple unknowns. Do not panic.
(d) Verify your answers on MATLAB via the ilaplace command.
Solution:

(a) For zero initial conditions, the transfer function is:


Y (s) 2
= 2 .
U (s) s − 6s + 15
(b) Poles: p1,2 = 3 ± 2.45j, Zeros: none.
(c) Given that the input u(t) is equal to sin(3t), we can find the Laplace transform of u(t):
3
U (s) = .
s2 + 9
After considering the initial conditions and the control input, we obtain:
2·3 −s3 + 2s2 − 9s + 24 As + B Cs + D
(s2 − 6s + 15)Y (s) + s − 2 = 2
⇒ Y ( s ) = 2 2
= 2 + 2 .
s +9 (s + 9)(s − 6s + 15) s +9 s − 6s + 15
Using partial fraction expansion, we can find A, B, C, and D. You can think of plenty of
ways to solve this problem. The most trivial way is to substitute values for s and obtain a
system of four equations and for unknowns. You can also find the common denominator of
the LHS of the above equations and come up with equivalent equations. Regardless, your
solution should be unique:
1 1 11 5
A= ,B = ,C = − ,D = .
10 10 10 2
Thus,
−11s + 25
 
1 s+1
Y (s) = + .
10 s2 + 9 s2 − 6s + 15
Using the results from the Laplace transform table and the example in class, we obtain:
1

1 √ 8 √ 
y(t) = L−1 [Y (s)] = cos(3t) + sin(3t) − 11e3t cos( 6t) − √ e3t sin( 6t) .
10 3 6

2
(d) To solve this problem via MATLAB, we can write the following script:
>> syms s t
>> Y=(-s^3+2*s^2-9*s+24)/((s^2+9)*(s^2-6*s+15))

Y =

-(s^3 - 2*s^2 + 9*s - 24)/((s^2 + 9)*(s^2 - 6*s + 15))

>> y = ilaplace(Y)

y =

cos(3*t)/10 + sin(3*t)/30 - (11*exp(3*t)*(cos(6^(1/2)*t)


+ (4*6^(1/2)*sin(6^(1/2)*t))/33))/10

% This verifies our findings.

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