Maths Notes L1-3
Maths Notes L1-3
Suy
ace inkeg1a/
v ou m e Infegra
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a delleenhable
veckolunton o a Scala
e
lu 104
uaueahle anc
d 7t E) then r(tielt -
Ft)
F1e the
paemttue 4(6) (tr deeualtue)
befftldt. F(tl4»
defenelé tolegiolt
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toe
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tn aSpace.
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ne
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ta too af
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u
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rees
teen
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p a u a m e b r t c aLth
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on
loe
t(ny,)
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+(miyUde)+
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to d
: V6S t n ' + t
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sn4
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4cot (ustnfudd
ene tntegral yd
uCot (61n d
-
4
u S tn
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valua uale
on(-) to (t2).
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at t (b-a)
Y
ER
AB
nent
Ct-tJ xo tf*i
t- =b
-a+ (6-a )
-1 1-t), -1(1-t)4t,24)
a+tb -t
t21+t) + (t11t)
(-143, -i434) o4ts
cln 3
3
3 3 ol
y 1434 3ndt
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sdt
o -
u (
(1la) -1
tha Cuue
ual uale c f
Jeyelds ohee
to (uli3)2
delfaed oby nuy,
- 3 tom (2.3)
*
oe F net
ROg e o t , n °. 9 t=
a
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olt
r(1+o' dt d
Ien tntegral t
139 Vi+
4ualualeIa4yaz)diohue i qtuen
ancl 0sf7
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dt
-St
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d O
d r cor
crsintt o4 (ktont)'dt
fdt
+l3)Stnf)rd!
ost
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o 1 , 6 1 (Sthtd
rstnt+cf- Stos t
6 +0-*
rrstna t 6M-osR
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jotne infeqral uecke
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seffbea leefo 4 anda lauue AB
ait
Compronunt f long atangend pT 4-
ne tnfera
C
de ancl fgdi
C
to a Space
a feice oue tuue
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lurue paramefrt
xed hy
a
che
et
d), a b
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oree freld o dey
a
lontnPou
loet I be
a
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m outng
aa u
the
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hoork don en
C: then
pn fotntngC (T(6)).
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recet omt
Curue c es
along
clt
7Td
Jdnhdytfsedz
tton
de ek'ooeje elevee
dhendr dn dyj
(dr11aly1 ).
a y? s7
meln 1 3
|to,o)
96
/ 1 to
4ualuale Cdy pda), cohue ce t lboundauy
the Tr tangle whose V altce au Coro) (to)CI1o2
CO,)
F.d d d
oA
(10)
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dhen y0 cy D..
uau lom to 4.
o)4 C) dn -o.
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qIme
dhen dy--
dy. -d
long B0
BCo1)D Co,o)
BD
f902xhaluale Tdi Jom
(sn16 yj
ud olog
ihe olouong pathuc
h
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statghl ltne tom (oi0/o)
(p)The
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n .
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ayng o o b1.
cS
3 3
d l40 0
3
223
kne otn tna Co 0) G (t, t.
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- 0
/ - 0
+Cao
G4ct-uf-ta ot3Jelt
( s t - i 4 2 0 t 3 ) d t
3 ()-11/s + 13/s
tohee
4-C2ioy)in-ylf,fualuae 7.dr
shoo0 in tgure beloco
eeA the
closecl Curue
tCa-f+n-y)f
2
(am-da (-dy.
Coo)A Ctu)
long C
dy:1 ncdn
o
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(on-w)olat (a-an)nen.
d
C
( 2 n a .+2n qm) o l .
ntnun3)ol n.
1+ Ys )3
longt- ACt),oCo, o)
cl
Vauy om1 o.O
3
hi Ctvculaftoo of.
(3a- -(2)E
f o d
( - 4z)1 (71y-
he Ctucle a q?y to dh pla.
Aong
J 0 dz-o d d rdyf td tk
(oltdyf +dzk)
nCOSo stnO
dne-stnOdd
dacosodo
9co
cosu-coSO tu ( 2K-o)
-dv
elone
l o r k e l o n e
361 016 -
289
and cu the
f: ågi -4?k fo ot- &
t uu
aa lu
fu aa
le.
{-43hom a o
b t
yrit,
Cue m:P
the ltne
Ca)
tnfegralu f sd b)J xdi
C
-(t3)
S
iz-t3 >B:at'.24
t t
y49.
o l ( 7 a*st? EJer
then d ytt +af +32CJede
C
1.
1 d
utj +(utuf)FJat
-.
st-t")f -utf
+(ut31a
indi (-
Aecy
rol t-
Suare tofeq
to evalua feel
ouer a sace
tohech ts
An tntegral
calfed Suace tofeq ral
uncttoo deftoed ove8
oe oe a
Scalas potnf
aua S fo Sub auas &sr, SS,
Otutde he
S s n each aua Ss ehoose an arbtla
&so
pototpAty zt) and hom he Sum (e)6is
oh eu (p): s (ntiyt,ar)
a y Thaf
a s n o tn Sach a cway hat
each Sudh auea 6st aedu ces E s