EC-401 Microwave Engineering [3 1 0 4]

Unit-I Microwave Tubes: UHF limitations in conventional tubes, Analysis and operation of multicavity and reflex, Klystron, Admittance diagram of Klystron. Analysis and Operation of a traveling wave magnetron, Performance Charts of magnetron tubes; principle of operation of Traveling Wave Tube. Microwave Components: Coupling-probes and loops Apertures, Attenuators, Phase shifters. Waveguide cornors,bends and twists. Matched Terminators, short circuit plunger, waveguide tees-E, Hybrid. Hybrid rings. Directional Coupler, two-hole directional coupler. Isolator, Circulator. Unit-II Microwave Semiconductor Devices: Classification of Microwave Devices, Point Contact diode; Tunnel Diode; Gunn Diode, two valley structures, mode of operation, circuit realization. IMPATT Diode, read Diode, circuit realization. PIN diode, basic principles of operation equivalent circuit , and application as switch, modulator and Phase shifter. Microwave Bi-polar and Field effect Transistors-Characteristics and performance. Parametric amplifiers. Unit-III Microwave Network Theory: Symmetrical Z and Y Matrics for reciprocal network. Scattering mamatriz representation of multiport network-properties of S-parameters. Relation of Z,Y and ABCD parameter with S-parameters. Microwave measurements: Tunable detector, slotted line carriage. Measurement of VSWR and Reflection coefficient, impedance using slotted line. Use of smith chart. Impedance matching, Double and triple stub tuners, Quarter wave Transformer. Measurement of Frequency and Wavelenght. Measurement of Frequency and wavelength. Measurement of Microwave power-low-high, use of bolometer, thermisters, calotimetery.

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Books Recommended 1. Reich A J, Microwave principles, Van Nostrand, Affilated East-West press Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. 2. Collin R E, Fundamentals of Microwave Engg, McGraw-Hill. 3. Liao S Y, Microwave Devices and Circuits, Prentice hall of India, (1995) 4. Das A and Das S K, Microwave Engineering Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Companty Limited, New Delhi,(2001). 5. K C Gupta, Microwave, New Age International, New Delhi,(1983)

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EC-403 Microelectronics [3 1 0 4]
Unit-I Electronic-Grade Silicon: Crystal growth-Czochralski, LCE, Zone-refining and floating zone. Wafer preparation. Epitaxy, VPE, LPE, MBE, MOCVD. An Overview Of IC Technology, And Its Requirements: Unit steps used in IC Technology: Wafer cleaning, , oxidation, characterization of oxide films, diffusion, ion implantation, annealing-RTA. Photolithography, E-beam lithography and newer lithography techniquues for VLSI/ULSI; mask generation, wet and dry etching. Unit-II CVD and LPCVD techniques for deposition of poly silicon, silicon nitride and silicon dioxide. Metallisation and passivation. Special Techniques For Modern Processes: self-aligned silicides, shallow junction formation, nitride oxides etc. process flows for CMOS and bipolar IC processes. Plasma And Rapid Thermal-Processing: Plasma etching, RIE techniques, RTP for annealing, growth and deposition of films testing, bonding, packaging. Evaluation and measurement techniques. Unit-III Thin Film And Thick Film Technology, hybrid circuits,circuit elements: Diodes, resistors, capacitors, inductors, contacts and interconnections. Sub Micron Device Physics and Technology: Review of basic device physics, MOS capacitor and transistor theory, Moore law on technology scaling, Short channel effects, sub threshold leakage, Punch through, DIBL, High field mobility, Velocity saturation and overshoot Books Recommended 1. May G S and Sze S M, Fundamentals of Semiconductor Fabrication, John Wiley & Sons, India.(2004) 2. Sze S M, VLSI Technology, 2nd Ed., McGraw Hill International Edition (1988) 3. Ghandhi S K, VLSI fabrication Principles, John Wiley Inc., New York (1983). 4. Streetman BG, Solid State Electronics Devices, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, (1995). 5. Chang C Y and Sze S (Ed),ULSI Technology, McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. (1996).
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EC-451 Biomedical Signal Processing [3 0 0 3]

Unit-I Neurological Signal Processing: The Brain and its potentials; The Electrophysiology origin of brain waves; the EEG Signal and its characterstics; EEG analisis; Linear prediction theory; The autoregressive (AR) method; Transient detection and elimination-the case of epileptic patients. Adaptive Filter and Algorithm: A Review of the Wiener filtering problem; Principle of an adaptive filter; Steepest descent algorithm; Windrow-hoff least mean-square adaptive algorithm. Unit-II Cardiological Signal Processing: Basic electrocardiography; ECG data acquisition; ECG lead system; ECG parameters and their estimation; Use of multi-scale analysis for parameters estimation of ECG waveforms. Adaptive Noise Canceling: Adaptive noise canceller; Cancellation of 60 Hz interference in electrocardiography, canceling donor heart interference in heart transplant electrocardiography, cancellation of the electrocardiography signal from the electrical activity of the chest muscles, canceling method to enhance fetal ECG monitoring ECG Recording and Analysis: Long term continuous ECG recording; The wavelet approximationdiscrete wavelet series; Discrete wavelet transform (DWT); Multi-resolution analysis; Pyramid algorithm. Unit-III HRV and Arrhythmia analysis: Heart rate variability-definition; comparison of short-term and long term HRV analysis; Time domain and spectral domain parametrs of short term recording. Books Recommended 1. Reddy D C. Modern Biomedical Signal Processing Principles and Techniques, TMH, New Delhi, 2005 2. Akay M. Biomedical Signal Processing, Academic press, California,1994. 3. Tompkins W J Biomedical Signal Processing, Prentice hall of India, New Delhi, 1999. 4. Bronzino J D The Biomedical Engineering handbook, CRC and Free press, Florida, 1995. 5. Arnon Cohen Biomedical Signal Processing Crc Pr I Llc; 2nd edition, May, 2002.

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EC-455 Satellite Communication [3 0 0 3]

Unit-I Introduction: Origin and brief history of satellite communications, an overview of satellite system engineering, satellite frequency bands for communication. Orbital Theory: Orbital mechanics, locating the satellite in the orbit w.r.t. Earth looks angle determination. Azimuth & elevation calculations. Spacecraft Systems: Attitude and orbit control system, telemetry, tracking and command (TT&C), communications subsystems, transponders, spacecraft antennas. Unit-II Satellite Link Design: Basic transmission theory, noise figure and noise temperature, C/N ratio, satellite down link design, satellite uplink design. Modulation, Multiplexing, Multiple Access Techniques: Analog telephone transmission, Fm theory, FM Detector theory, analog TV transmission, S/N ratio Calculation for satellite TV linking, Digital transmission, baseband and bandpass transmission of digital data, BPSK, QPSK, FDM, TDM, Access techniques: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA. Unit-III Encoding & FEC for Digital Satellite Links: Channel capacity, error detection coding, linear block, binary cyclic codes, and convolution codes. Satellite Systems: Satellite Earth station Technology, satellite mobile communication, VSAT technology, Direct Broadcast by satellite (DBS),GPS system Books Recommended 1. Timothy Pratt, Charles W. Bostian, Satellite communication John Wiley & sons publication (2002). 2. Timothy Pratt, Charles W. Bostian, Jeremy Allnutt, Satellite Communications 2nd ed., Wiley, John & Sons, 2002.

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EC-459 Wireless Communication [3 0 0 3]

Unit-I Introduction: Mobile radio systems around the world, examples of wireless communication systems: paging system, cordless systems, cellular systems, Comparison of common wireless communication systems. Multiple Access Techniques for wireless communication: Introduction, Time division multiple access (TDMA), Frequency division multiple access (FDMA), ALOHA Protocols. Cellular Mobile Systems; A basic wireless/cellular system, performance criteria, uniqueness of mobile radio environment, operation of cellular systems, planning a cellular system, analog & digital cellular systems. Unit-II Interference: Introduction to co-channel interference, real time co-channel interference, co-channel measurement design of antenna system, antenna parameter and their effects, diversity receiver in cochannel interference different types. Cell Coverage for Signal & Traffic: General introduction, obtaining the mobile point to point mode, propagation over water or flat open area, foliage loss, propagation near in distance, long distance propagation, point to point prediction model- characteristics, cell site, antenna heights and signal coverage cells, mobile to mobile propagation. Unit-III Frequency Management and Channel Assignment: Frequency management, fixed channel assignment, non-fixed channel assignment, traffic & channel assignment Hand Off, Dropped Calls: Why hand off, types of handoff and their characteristics, dropped call rates & their evaluation Operational Techniques: Parameters, coverage hole filler, leaky feeders, cell splitting and small cells, narrow beam concept. Books Recommended 1. William, C Y Lee, Mobile Cellular Telecommunications, 2nd ed., McGraw- Hill. 2. Kamilo Feher (PHI), Wireless and Digital Communications. 3. Mobile Communication Hand Book, 2nd Ed., IEEE Press. 4. Mobile Communication Engineering, Theory & Applications, TMH. 5. Theodore S Rappaport, Wireless communications: Principles and practice, third Indian reprint Pearson Education Asia, (2003).

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EC-411 Microwave Engineering Lab [0 0 2 1]

1. Study of Microwave components and Instruments 2. To study the characteristics of reflex Klystron 3. Tuning of Klystron Mechanical and Electronics Methods 4. To study the Characteristics of Crystal Detector. 5. To measure the Frequency using direct reading frequency meter and compare it with indirect frequency meter. 6. To measure VSWR, Insertion loss and attention of fixed and variable attenuator 7. Measurement of Directivity and Coupling coefficient of an directional coupler 8. To plot and study the V-I characteristics of a Gunn diode 9. To match impedance for maximum power transfer using a slide screw tuner 10. calibration of the attenuation constant of an attenuator 11. Determination of a radiation Characteristics and gain of an antenna 12. Measurement of Q of a cavity by slotted line method.
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