Chapter-1

Overview of Wireless
Communication
Session-2 Advantages, Various Generations, Wireless LAN
and Wireless Local Loop

29-12-2020
Contents
• Advantages of Wireless communication
• First Generation (1G)
• Second Generation (2G)
• Third Generation (3G)
• Wireless LAN
• Wireless Local Loop

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Learning Objective(s):
After studying this chapter, you should be able to:
✓Describe how wireless communications have developed.
✓Explain the purposes of various generations of cellular
technology.

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Advantages of Wireless
Communications
Advantages of Wireless Communications
• Used for both hort & long
distancess
• Can be used in any
condition like disasters
• Easy mobility of the
devices
• Low maintenance and no
additional cost of rewiring
Various Generations
First Generation(1G)
• 1G or (1-G) refers to the first generation of wireless telephone technology
(mobile telecommunications).
• These are the analog telecommunication standards that were introduced
in 1979 and the early to mid-1980s and continued until being replaced
by 2G digital telecommunications.
• The main difference between the two mobile telephone systems (1G and
2G), is that the radio signals used by 1G network are analog, while 2G
networks are digital

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1G

 Developed in 1980s & completed in

early 1990s
 Based on analog system
 Speed up to 2.4 kbps
 AMPS (Advance Mobile Phone System) was launched
by the US & it was the 1G mobile system
 Allows user to make voice calls in 1 country

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Second Generation(2G)
• 2G (or 2-G) provides three primary benefits over their predecessors:
• phone conversations are digitally encrypted;
• 2G systems are significantly more efficient on the spectrum allowing for far
greater mobile phone penetration levels; and
• 2G introduced data services for mobile, starting with SMS (Short Message
Service) plain text-based messages.
• 2G technologies enable the various mobile phone networks to
provide the services such as text messages, picture messages and
MMS (Multimedia Message Service).
• Second generation 2G cellular telecom networks were commercially
launched on the GSM standard in Finland.

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2G

 Developed in late 1980s & completed in

late 1990s
 Based on digital system
 Speed up to 64 kbps
 Services such are digital voice & SMS with more clarity
 Semi global facility

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Third Generation 3G
 Developed between late 1990s & early 2000s
 Transmission speed from 125 kbps to 2 Mbps
 Superior voice quality
 Good clarity in video conference
 E-mail, information surfing, on-line shopping/ banking, games, etc.
 Global roaming

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Wireless LAN
Wireless LAN
• A wireless LAN uses wireless transmission medium
• Used to have high prices, low data rates, occupational safety concerns, and licensing
requirements
• Saves installation of LAN cabling
• Eases relocation and other modifications to network structure
• However, increasing reliance on twisted pair cabling for LANs
• Most older buildings already wired with Cat 3 cable
• Newer buildings are prewired with Cat 5
• Wireless LAN to replace wired LANs has not happened
• In some environments, role for the wireless LAN
• Buildings with large open areas
• Manufacturing plants, stock exchange trading floors, warehouses
• Historical buildings
• Small offices where wired LANs not economical
• May also have wired LAN
• Servers and stationary workstations

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Wireless LAN

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Wireless Local Loop
Wireless Local Loop
• In the telephone networks, the circuit between the subscriber's
equipment (e.g. telephone set) and the local exchange is called the
subscriber loop or local loop.
• Copper wire has been used as the medium for local loop to provide
voice and voice-band data services.
• In a telephone network, a wireless local loop (WLL) is a generic term
for an access system that uses a wireless link to connect subscribers
to their local exchange in place of conventional copper cable.

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Wireless Local Loop
WLL is a system that
connects subscribers to
the local telephone
station wirelessly.

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 Comparison
WLL Mobile Wireless Wireline
Good LOS component Mainly diffuse components No diffuse components
Narrowbeam directed antennas Omnidirectional antennas Expensive wires
High Channel reuse Less Channel reuse Reuse Limited by wiring
Simple design, constant channel Expensive DSPs, power control Expensive to build and maintain
Low in-premises mobility only, High mobility allowed, easy Low in-premises mobility, wiring
easy access access of distant areas cumbersome
Weather conditions effects Not very reliable Very reliable

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Conclusions
• A good medium of
communication
• Low maintenance
• No wires
• Portable
• Easy to use too
References
1. Wireless Communications by Andrea Goldsmith (z-lib.org)
2. https://www.toppr.com/guides/physics/communication-
systems/basic-terminology-used-in-communication-systems/
3. Wireless Communication Networks and Systems by Cory Beard,
William Stallings
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mobile_phone_generations

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