DEFINATIONS:

Health: Good mental and bodily health and a fit constitution Free from physical
defect Abnormality

Safety: State of free from Danger/ Risk/ Hazard in workplace.

Environment: The surrounding in which human being (WE), live and other
animals and creatures exist and air, water, and other utilities are the shared
properties utilized by all existences.

1. Accident: An unwanted event which can’t be anticipated in advance, that result in

harm to people or damage to property/ plant/equipment due to unsafe condition or
practices is termed as accident.

2. Incident: A chance of event or condition that result or could have resulted in harm to
people, damage to property or the environmental loss.

3. Near miss: An unexpected, unwanted event which had the potential to cause
incident/Accident, but under slight alert condition not cause any loss or happening.

4. Fatal: Death resulting from accident.

5. First Aid Case: First aid case comes under non-reportable cases. Here the injured is
given medical treatment and discharged immediately for reporting on duty without
counting any loss time.

6. Lost Time Injury: An injury causing disablement extending beyond the day or shift
(Injured remain absent for shift/day-s), on which the accident occurred.

7. Medical Cases: Medical cases comes under non-reportable cases, where owing to
illness or other reason the employee remain absent from work and seeks Medical
treatment.

8. Types of Incident / Accident & Reporting ;

The three categories of reportable and non reportable cases of Incident /

Accident are without counting any lost time.

 Non Reportable Cases: An accident, where the injured person is given

medical helps and discharge for work without counting any lost time.

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  Reportable Cases: In this case the injured person is disabled for 48 hours or
more and is not able to perform his duty.

 Injury Cases: These are covered under the heading of non-reportable cases.
In this case the accident caused injury to the person, but he still continuous
his duty.

9. Restricted Duty Cases: Days of restricted work activity are those workdays on
which, because of occupational injury or illness, the employee was assigned to
another job, on a temporary basis, worked at a permanent job at less than full time or
worked as permanently assigned job could not perform all duties normally connected
with it. The number of lost work days should not include the days of injury or onset
of illness or any day on which the employee would not have worked even though
able to work. This is a record able case of incident / accident where lost time is nit
completed.

10. Lost Man Days Cases: Man-Days lost means the changes in days of
disablement of a persons. The day on which the injury occurred or the day on which
the injured person returned to work, are not to be included as a man-days lost, but all
intervening calendar days (including Sundays days off or days of plant shut down)
are to be included.

If after resumption or work, the person injured is again disabled for any period ailing
out of the injury, which caused his earlier disablement, the period of such subsequent
disablement is also included in the Man days lost.

11. Frequency Rate: Frequency rate is the no. of days lost for injuries per million
employees-hours worked.
Mathematically, the formula reads.

NUMBERS OF LOST TIME INUJRY

FR= ------------------------------------------------------- X 10, 00,000
TOTAL NUMBER OF MAN-HOUR WORK

12. Severity Rate: Severity rate is the no. of days lost for injuries per million
employees- hours worked.
Mathematically, the formula reads.
NUMBERS OF LOST WORK DAYS
SR= ------------------------------------------------ X10, 00, 000
NUMBERS OF EMPLOYEE – HOURS WORKED.

13. Incident Rate: Incidence rate is the ratio of the number of injuries to the number
of person during the period under review it is expressed as the number of injuries per
1000 persons employed. The incidence rate shall be calculated both for lost time and
reportable lost time injuries as follows.
NUMBERS OF REPORTABLE INJURY
IR= ------------------------------------------------------------ X 10, 00, 000
AVERAGE NO. OF PERSONS EMPLOYED

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14. Safety Audit: A systematic and independent examination of the Health & Safety
management system and their outcome to determine the effectiveness of the Health &
Safety Management System.

15. Emergency Controller: Person taking charge of an emergency situation.

16. Emergency Coordinator: Person in-charge of Site/Safety Representative is

responsible for site emergency situation.

17. Flash Point: The minimum temperature at which the liquid gives so much vapor that
this vapor, when mixed with air, forms an ignitable mixture and gives a momentary flash
on application of a small pilot flame under specified conditions of test.

18.Health & Safety Planned Inspection : Physical condition inspection of the work
place under taken by local Managers accompanied by Health & Safety Advisors as
appropriate.

19. Health & Safety Review: A formal recorded management evaluation of the
effectiveness of the Construction Health & Safety Management Systems and
identification of action for continuous improvement.

20. Health and Safety Tour: A highly visible Health & Safety site visit / walkabout by
senior management, to gain feedback from the workforce and demonstrate commitment
to Health & Safety.

21. Positive Health & Safety Culture: The organization’s attitude, values and beliefs
with respect to the Health, Safety & Environment is a vital part of the process to achieve
the aim of Zero Accident performance. The creation of a positive culture towards the
Health, Safety & Environment requires involvement and participation at all levels.
Effective communication and the promotion of competence enable all employee to have a
responsible and informed contribution to sustain this positive Environment, Health &
Safety culture. Senior Management’s visible positive safety culture. “ACTION SPEAKS
LOUDER THAN WORDS”.

22. Risk Scheduler: Individual appointed by the Management responsible for identifying
hazards and carrying out risk assessments in the work area.

23. Zero Accident Performance: Job is executed without having any accident during the
entire duration of project works.

24. Foam: are an aggregate of air filled bubbles that will float on the surface of a
flammable liquid. Foam forms a cohesive floating blanket on the liquid surface that
extinguishes the fire by smothering an cooling the fuel. It also prevents re-ignition of
combustibles mixtures of vapor and air.

25. DCP: The Dry Chemical Powder can be used with pressure to knockdown the
flame / fire.

26. Fire Vehicles: Are mobile vehicles meant for transporting equipment / fire fighting
agents / fire fighting crew to the site of fire / other emergency.

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27. Water Tender/Tank: Is a mobile fire vehicle consisting of pump, water tank which
can be used to deliver water with pressure or foam with auxiliary connection for fire
fighting

28. ERV: Emergency Response Vehicle is a rescue vehicle with necessary support
equipment meant for rescue and relief operations in any incident.

29. Petroleum Refinery: Petroleum Refinery is a plant where crude oil is received and
processed to produce various intermediates and finished products.

30. Oil/Gas Processing Plant: Oil/Gas Processing Plant is a plant where crude
oil/natural gas is collected and processed in order to separate oil and gas and to
remove impurities like water, sulphur etc. before sending them to refinery or to
obtain end products.

31. Side Flash: An electric spark, caused by differences of potential, occurring between
conductive metal bodies or between such metal bodies and a component of the
lightning protection system or ground.

32. Surge Arrestor: A protective device for limiting surge voltages by discharging or
bypassing surge current. It also prevents continued flow of follow current while
remaining capable of repeating these functions.

33. Circuit: an arrangement of conductor or conductors for the purpose of conveying

energy and forming a system or a branch of a system.

34. Circuit breaker: a device, capable of making and breaking the circuit under all
conditions and unless otherwise specified, so designed as to break the current
automatically under abnormal conditions.

35. Cut-out: any appliance for automatically interrupting the transmission or energy
through any conductor when the current rises above a pre-determined amount, and
shall also include fusible cut-out

36. Cold work: An activity which does not produce sufficient heat to ignite a flammable
air - hydrocarbon mixture or a flammable substance.

37. Hot work: An activity that can produce a spark or flame or other source of ignition
having sufficient energy to cause ignition, where the potential for flammable vapors,
and gases exists.

38. PPE - Personal Protective Equipment: Devices or clothing used to insulate an

individual from the chemical, thermal, explosive, electric shock or other hazards
presented by the environment in which one is working. Some of PPE’s are Safety
goggles, Apron, Safety shoes, Chemical-resistant gloves, helmet etc.

39. Process platform / production installation: Facility, in offshore / onshore, where

produced fluid is processed (oil / water / gas separation, gas dehydration etc.) before
onward transportation.

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40. Drilling: A process to produce cylindrical hole in earth, called ‘well’, using a drilling
rig, to access hydrocarbon bearing reservoir.

41. Simultaneous operations (SIMOPS): Also called ‘combined operations’ are those
where more than one major activity e.g. drilling, production, work over operation,
revamping / construction etc. is undertaken at the same place or in the vicinity along-
with activities such as material handling and hot work in an environment where oil /
gas is present or produced nearby.

42. Hold Point: A point in the repair or alteration process beyond which work should not
proceed until the required inspection has been performed and documented.

43. Dew point: The temperature at which the water vapors begins to condense.

44. Competent person: A person possessing adequate qualifications, such as suitable

training and sufficient knowledge, experience and skill for the safe performance of
the specific work.

45. Authorized Person: A qualified and experienced person authorized to perform

inspections by the owner organization.

46. Hoist: A machine, which lifts materials or persons by means of a platform, which
runs on guides. Or the device for lifting or lowering of the load in vertical direction.
Also called winch.

47. Lifting gear: Any gear or tackle by means of which a load can be attached to a
lifting appliance but which does not form an integral part of the appliance or load.

48. Lifting appliance: Any stationary or mobile appliance used for raising or lowering
persons or loads.

49. Air Pollutants: Presence of obnoxious substances in air which affect on man , other
animals or on plants are known as air pollutants.

50. Infrared Line Scanning: Techniques used for assessment of oil pollution on water
surface, which gives some information on thickness.

51. Ultra-violet Line Scanning: Techniques used for assessment of oil pollution on
water, which estimate the area of the spill by using reflection of UV radiation by the
oil. It also defines the pollution as hydrocarbon or other wise.

52. Corrosive Chemicals: Chemicals, which will cause damage to the living tissue
and/or chemically attack metallic containers and structures, are corrosive chemicals.

53. First Aider: Person trained through comprehensive course in First Aid & holding a
valid certificate or Para Medical staff having required qualification in pharmacy from
a recognized institution.

54. Toxic: These substances include carcinogens, irritants or poisonous gases, liquids
and solids which are irritating to or affect the health of humans.

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55. Respirator: A device, which is designed to protect the person wearing the equipment
from inhaling harmful contaminants.

56. Emergency: Any unexpected event of whatever nature with the potential to harm
person or environment / facilities.

57. Emergency preparedness: Technical, operational and organizational measures that

are planned to be implemented under the management of the emergency organization
in case hazardous or accidental situations occur, in order to protect human and
environmental resources and assets.

58. Disaster: Any unexpected event causing significant harm to person(s) or

environment / facilities.

59. Emergency response: action taken by personnel on or off the installation to control
or mitigate a hazardous event or initiate and execute abandonment.

60. Emergency response plan: A formal written plan, which, on the basis of identified
potential accidents together with their consequences, describes how such accidents
and their consequences, should be handled, either on-site or off-site.

61. Emergency Shut Off Valve: A quick action shut off valve, which operates from full
open to full close condition in less than one complete turn. Or operates automatically
or can be operated remotely.

62. Flame Arrestor: A device for releasing gas from an enclosure in such a way that in
case of an internal explosion there is no appreciable increase in internal pressure and
the released gas will not ignite the surrounding flammable atmosphere.

63. Portable Equipment: Equipment which can be moved even while in operation or
which can easily be moved from one place to another while connected to the electric
supply.

64. Hand-Held Equipment: Equipment intended to be held in the hand during normal
use in which the motor, if any, forms an integral part of the equipment.

65. Flammable Material - A flammable material is a gas, vapor, liquid, and/or mist
which can react continuously with atmospheric oxygen and which may therefore,
sustain a fire or explosion when such reaction is initiated by a suitable spark, flame or
hot surface.

66. Flammable Mixture - A mixture of flammable gas, vapor, or mist with air under
atmospheric conditions, in which after ignition, combustion spreads throughout the
unconsumed mixture.

67. Hazardous: Substance or circumstance which may cause injury or damage due to
being explosive, flammable, poisonous, corrosive, oxidizing, or otherwise harmful.

68. Hazardous (Flammable) Atmosphere - In accordance with the Petroleum Rules, an

atmosphere containing any flammable gas or vapor in a concentration capable of
ignition.

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69. Hazardous Area - In accordance with the petroleum rules, an area shall be deemed
to be a hazardous area, where: Petroleum having flash point below 65°C or any
flammable gas or vapor in a concentration capable of ignition is likely to be present.

70. High Hazard Areas: These are the areas where equipment, piping manifolds, valves
etc. handling flammable, combustible and toxic products are located.

71. Flammable Liquid/Gases: Chemicals which in the gaseous state at normal pressure
and mixed with air become flammable and the boiling point of which at normal
pressure is 20oC or below.

72. Highly Flammable Liquids: Chemicals which have a flash point lower than 23 oC
and boiling point of which at normal pressure is above 20 oC.

73. Zone 0: An area in which a flammable atmosphere is present continuously, or is

present for long periods.

74. Zone 1: An area in which a flammable atmosphere is likely to be present periodically

or occasionally during normal operation.

75. Zone 2: An area in which a flammable atmosphere is not likely to occur in normal
operation and if it does occur, it will exist for a short time only.

76. Flash Point: The flash point of petroleum is the minimum temperature at which the
liquid gives off vapor in sufficient concentration to form an ignitable mixture with air
and produces a momentary flash on application of a small pilot flame under specified
conditions of test.

77. Ignition Temperature: The lowest temperature at which ignition occurs in a mixture
of explosive gas and air

78. Petroleum Class A: Petroleum having a flash point below 23°C.

79. Petroleum Class B: Petroleum having a flash point of 23°C and above but below
65°C.

80. Petroleum Class C: Petroleum having a flash point of 65°C and above but below
93°C.

81. Petroleum Class D / Excluded Petroleum: Petroleum which have a flash point of
93°C and above.

82. Class A Fires: involve combustible materials of organic nature, such as wood, paper,
rubber and many plastics, etc., where the cooling effect of water is essential for
extinction of fires.

83. Class B Fires: involve flammable liquids, petroleum products, or the like, where a
blanketing effect is essential.

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84. Class C Fires: involve flammable gases under pressure including liquefied gases and
energized electrical equipment where it is necessary to inhibit the burning gas at a
fast rate with an inert gas, powder or vaporizing liquid for extinguishment.

85. Class D Fires: involve combustible materials such as magnesium, aluminum, zinc,
sodium, potassium. The burning metals are reactive to water and water containing
agents, and in certain cases carbon dioxide, halogenated hydrocarbons and ordinary
dry powders. These fires require special media and technique to extinguish.

86. Service building: A building housing facilities for inspection / maintenance / other
supporting services which are directly required for operation of the plant e.g.
warehouse, workshop etc.

87. Fire station: A building housing facilities of parking fire tenders and keeping other
ready to use fire-fighting equipment for meeting plant emergencies, fire control room
with required communication facilities/mimic panel.

88. Fire Water pump house: A building housing fire water pumps, jockey pumps,
communication and alarm system, instrumentation and the required operating &
supporting personnel.

89. Fire Stop: A through penetration fire stop is a specific construction consisting of
materials that fill the opening around penetrating items, such as cables, cable trays,
Bus Ducts, conduits, ducts and pipes, and their means of support through the wall or
opening to prevent the spread of fire.

90. Fire Barriers: Fire barriers are passive fire protection systems which prevent
propagation of fire through floor penetration or wall penetrations.

91. Fire Breaks: Fire breaks are passive fire protection systems like chemical coating
which prevent the propagation of fire in horizontal or vertical run of cables and
prevent spread of fire to nearby combustibles, e.g. for preventing propagation of fire
in long cable runs in the cable galleries, cable trenches and cable cellars etc.

92. Explosives: Chemicals which may explode under the effect of flame, heat or photo
chemical condition or which are more sensitive to shocks or friction.

93. Crane: A lifting device that is capable of being dynamically loaded when lifting,
lowering, or shifting loads by means of a projecting.

94. Counterweight (BALLAST): Weight used to supplement the weight of the machine
in providing stability for lifting working loads and usually attached to the rear of
revolving upper structure.

95. Hydraulic crane: A crane whose movements are directed by fluid pressure applied
to the pumps/gears, hydraulic cylinder, and hoists.

96. Jib (Tip Extension): An extension attached to the boom point to provide added
boom length for lifting specified loads.

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97. Out-Riggers: Members attached to the carrier’s frame which may be blocked up to
increase stability. These may be fixed or extendible.

98. Qualified crane operator: A person with training and experience who has
successfully completed a crane operator training course.

99. Rigger: A rigger is anyone who attaches or detaches lifting equipment to loads or
lifting devices.

100. Signalman: A qualified rigger who is designated by a qualified crane

operator to give hand signals.

101. Sling: A device used to connect loads to be lifted by a crane or a hoist.

102. Tag line/Guy Rope: A length of rope/ropes attached at a point to the load and
used by riggers to help control its movement.

103. Confined space: It is an enclosure with known or potential hazards and restricted
means of entrance and exit, is not normally occupied by people, and is usually not
well ventilated.

104. Safety Valve: A Safety valve is an automatic pressure-relieving device actuated

by the static pressure upstream of the valve and characterized by rapid full opening of
pop action. It is normally used for steam/gas/vapor service.

105. Safety Relief Valve: A safety relief valve is an automatic pressure-relieving

device suitable for use either as a Safety or Relief Valve depending on application.

106. Relief Valve / Thermal Safety Valve (TSV): Is an automatic pressure-relieving

device actuated by the static pressure on upstream of the valve. Thermal Safety
Valves are meant to take care of pressure increase resulting from thermal expansion
of fluid.