THEORY MATRIX WORKSHEET

INSTRUCTION: Use this format to showcase the work of each nursing theorist. Place in a Sketchpad, Scrapbook, or Columnar pad.

Application to practice, education,

Theorist Title of Theory Major Concepts
and research
Person Nursing Health Environment
In nursing practice, the phases of
Hildegard Peplau Interpersonal Health means Although Hildegard (Theory of interpersonal Relations)
focuses on the processes are a developing Peplau does not the therapeutic nurse-client are
individual rather maturing force and personality and directly address highly comparable to the nursing
than the an educational tool human processes society/environme process, making it vastly applicable.
family/society for both nurses and that are sustainable nt, she does The theory's concepts are highly
where an individual clients. Self- towards a creative, encourage the applicable to the care of psychiatric
Theory of
Hildegard E. is seen as an knowledge in the constructive, and nurse to consider patients, but it is not limited in those
interpersonal
Peplau organism that context of productive life of an the patient's sets of individuals, and nurses can
Relations
fights its way to interpersonal individual. culture and mores quickly obtain necessary
reduce the need's interventions is Hildegard Peplau when the patient information from the client when
stress. It has a vital for gave importance to adjusts to the there is an excellent patient-nurse
perceived understanding the belief that his hospital routine. relationship.
perception and clients and needs must be met Society or
ideas that have achieving problem for one's health to environment, Peplau's theory is very applicable in
been formed and resolution. be achieved and culture, and nursing research because
essential for the Hildegard Peplau maintained. The customs are factors researchers can imply in such: home
interpersonal
process. She also considers nursing needs are that need to be care, depression, patient education,
said that the client to be a “significant, physiological considered in nature of nurse-patient relation, role
is an individual therapeutic, demands and dealing with expectation, and psychiatric
with a felt need. interpersonal interpersonal individuals. Peplau practice; using this theory, it can
process.” She conditions of the defines enhance the knowledge and
defines it as a person. environment as information of the researchers.
“human forces outside the
relationship organism and in the While in nursing education, it can
between an context of the help nurses teach and learn in all
individual who is socially-approved interpersonal relationships in an
sick, or in need of way of living, from educational setting. It helps nurses
health services, and which vital human to teaching communication and
a nurse specially social processes are interpersonal skills and
educated to derived, such as interpersonal relation theory and
recognize and to norms and beliefs. practicing it.
respond to the need
for help.” In conclusion, Peplau has developed
a critical theory that can be easily
understood and applied. This theory
can be applied in nursing education,
nursing research, and nursing
practice. Not only this, but the
theory is also being applied in
nursing
administration and management.
 Application to practice, education,
Theorist Title of Theory Major Concepts
and research
Person Nursing Health Environment
Jean Watson's Theory of
Individuals are seen Watson sees Health components The environment Transpersonal Caring distinguishes
as something of Nursing as having include physical, provides the values the nursing practice from the
high value, must be to move mental, and social that determine how healthcare discipline through
respected, cared educationally in the functions, which one should behave spirituality. It is very relevant in
for, guarded, two areas of stress are also and what goals one nursing practice because it
understood, and and developmental subjective should strive for develops a relationship with each
assisted. So the conflicts to provide statements where themselves. These patient promotes a nurturing and
personality of a holistic health care, they are different. values are affected healing environment. It also serves
person is something which she believes Health refers to by a change in the as a guide to provide holistic
Theory of significant. In is central to the unity and harmony social, cultural, and nursing care.
Jean Watson Transpersonal general, it is a practice of caring in within the mind, spiritual arenas,
Caring philosophical view Nursing. She body, and soul. It is which in turn affects It provides a systematic framework
of a person as a asserts that also associated the person's for nursing practice. Nurses used
fully functional nursing’s social, with the degree perception and can the framework to assess the
integrated self. moral, and scientific of lead to stress. patient, make a diagnosis, and give
Watson viewed contributions to congruence According to nursing intervention. Jean Watson's
humans as more humankind and between self as Watson, caring (and theory has been used to research
significant than, society lie in its perceived and as nursing) has existed the empirical development of a
and different from, commitment to experienced. in every society. middle- range theory of caring.
the sum of his compassionate care Watson, in addition
parts. ideals, theory, to WHO’s In conclusion, studying Peplau's
practice, and definition, includes Interpersonal Relations Theory of
research. these three Nursing can be very substantial,
elements: a high
level of over all-
physical, mental
 and social especially to aspiring, to be part of
The process of the functioning; a the profession. Knowing the seven
theory is with a general adaptive- nursing roles, future nurses can
problem-solving maintenance level apply for different roles in different
approach and of daily functioning; situations, which will guarantee
matters related to and the absence of their patients to acquire the best
improving and illness (or the care possible and ultimately speed
maintaining health, presence of efforts along treatment and recovery.
preventing disease, that lead to its
and caring for the absence).
sick. Nurses use the
nursing process to
help individuals
receive knowledge
to improve optimal
health, healing, and
get a more
meaningful life.
 Application to practice, education,
Theorist Title of Theory Major Concepts
and research
Person Nursing Health Environment
Based on King's guidelines, the
Imogene King A profession that King viewed health Adjustments to life nursing practice aims to help
described a person assists individuals, as a person's ability and health are individuals attain and maintain
existing in an open groups, and to adjust in influenced their health, and if there is some
system as a communities to dynamic conditions continuously by disturbance such as illness or
spiritual being and obtain, maintain, in the individual disability. Therefore, the nurses'
rational thinker and maintain life cycle, and interactions and the actions must be goal-directed to
who makes choices, health. An act illness is a environment. It is help individuals regain health or live
selects alternative wherein the nurse disturbance in that the process of with a chronic illness or a disability.
courses of action, interacts and cycle. At the same balance internal Most professionals and nurses use
and can record communicates with time, health is a and external King's theory in a different
their history the client. It helps continuous interactions inside specialized area using dynamic
Imogene Theory of Goal
through their the client identify adaptation to stress the social system. interactive
King Attainment
own unique, the health in the external and King stated that the communication between the nurse
symbols, holistic, condition, explore internal distinction between and the client.
needs, wants, and and agree on environment to internal and
goals. A personal activities to reach the maximum external Based on King's guidelines, the
system is a unitary, promote health potential in environment is focus of a Nursing curriculum must
wholeness complex because the goal of carrying out daily incredibly be the dynamic nurse-client
that has feelings, nurses in this life. Adjusting to the important because interaction. Nursing education
can think, is theory is to help environment brings if the internal programs must prepare nursing
passionate, them maintain their the client back to environment students to become useful,
imagines, decides, health. their usual roles cannot adjust to the productive, and relatively happy
identifies goals, and before the reaction changing, the citizens and professional
chooses meaning occurred. external practitioners as they acquire
for oneself. knowledge, values, and skills in the
practice of nursing. Imogene King's
interacting system designates the
environment, nursing curriculum in different
growth, and schools and universities and the
development framework for nursing education.
externally will be
inhibited. According to King, the ultimate
purpose of the research is to
determine the effects of mutual goal
setting and implementation of the
nursing interventions related to
goals on goal attainment. The
phenomena of interest in research
must be transactions and health.
She suggested that the specific
problems to be studied are actual or
potential disturbances in the client's
ability to function in social roles.
Imogene King's theory is one of the
theoretical basis of some
researchers that helped to
formulate a system view of the
application of the nursing practice.

In conclusion, the theory provides

enough direction to how nurses and
professionals should behave or act
in the presence of practices.
 Application to practice, education,
Theorist Title of Theory Major Concepts
and research
Person Nursing Health Environment
Ida Jean Orlando's Nursing Process
Ida Jean Orlando Orlando's central In Ida Jean In Ida Jean Discipline can use to assure that the
uses humans' assumption Orlando’s theory, Orlando's theory, patient will be treated as individuals
concept as she regarding nursing she did not define she completely and that they will have active and
emphasizes is that it is a distinct health but assumed disregarded the constant input into their care. It
individuality and profession that that the absence of environment; for applies to nurse practice.
the dynamic nature functions mental and physical her, a nursing
of the nurse-patient autonomously. She problems and situation occurs It also prevents the inaccurate
relationship. For stated that feelings of when there is a diagnosis and ineffective plans of
her, humans in need professional adequacy and well- contract between a nurses. It helps the assertion of
are the focus and nursing's role is to being contributed patient and a nurse, nursing's independence as a
Nursing priority of nursing discover and satisfy to achieving health. in which both profession and her belief that this
Ida Jean
Process practice. Orlando the immediate need She implicitly perceive, think, feel independence must be based on a
Orlando
Discipline believes that people for help from the assumed that and act sound theoretical framework and
have both verbal patient. It states feeling of adequacy immediately. She guides nurses to evaluate her care in
and non-verbal that nurses should and well-being that said that a patient objectively observable outcomes.
behaviors; they help patients come from satisfied could react with
believe that people relieve their needs improve discomfort to some Moreover, according to some
can sometimes physical or mental health. She element of the studies, Orlando's theory remains
meet their own discomfort. The observed that the environment that, one of the most effective practice
needs for help in nurse's continued in principle, was theories. The use of her theory
some situations and responsibility is to experience of designed with a keeps the nurse's focus on the
become distressed check that the receiving help therapeutic or aid patient; the strength of the theory is
when they cannot. patient's needs for culminates over purpose. The nurse that it is clear, concise, and easy to
It also maintains help are being met, observes the use. While
providing the overall framework for
nursing, the use of her theory does
 that each patient is either directly by time in higher levels behavior of any not exclude nurses from using other
unique and the nurse's action of improvement. patient, and she theories while caring for the patient.
responds or indirectly by must analyze signs
individually. asking for help of discomfort. In conclusion, Orlando's nursing
from others. theory stresses the reciprocal
relationship between patient and
nurse. What the nurse and the
patient say and do affects them
both. Orlando views nursing's
professional function as finding out
and meeting the patient's
immediate need for help.

Application to practice, education,

Theorist Title of Theory Major Concepts
and research
Person Nursing Health Environment
In nursing practice, Ernestine
According to According to In Ernestine In Ernestine Wiedenbach's The Helping Art of
Ernestine Weidenbach, Wiedenbach’s Wiedenbach's Clinical Nursing provides a
Wiedenbach, nursing a clinical theory of The theory or work, she foundation for assessing, or
The Helping
Ernestine human individuals discipline is a Helping Art of incorporates the explaining patient conditions. It
Art of Clinical
Wiedenbach possess unique practice discipline Clinical Nursing, environment within influenced many core concepts in
Nursing
potential, strive designed to she does not define the realities - a nursing today, including nursing
toward self- produce a detailed health. She identify significant assessment, nursing process, and
direction, and need desired result. The the concepts of component of her nursing diagnosis, such as self-care
stimulation. art of nursing is a nursing, client, and theory. One of the deficits. It can be considered nursing
Whatever the goal-directed need for help and elements of the
individual does or activity requiring their relationship realities is the a 'practical phenomenon' that
done, it represents the application of imply health- framework. involved action.
their judgment at knowledge and related concerns in Additionally,
the moment of the skills toward the nurse-client according to her, While in nursing education and
situation. She said meeting a need for relationship. the framework is a research, Wiedenbach's theory is
that the individual's help experienced by However, she said complex of somehow responsible for preparing
self-awareness and the patient. Nursing and supported the extraneous factors future practitioners of nursing; it
self-acceptance are is also a helping World Health and circumstances arranges for nursing students to
essential to the process that will Organization's present in every gain experiences in clinical areas of
individuals' sense extend or restore definition of health nursing situation the hospitals or home of patients. It
of integrity, self- the patient’s ability as a state of and practices. offers educational opportunities or
worth and moral. to cope with complete physical, information to the nurses and
demand implicit in mental, and social- researchers for unique or advanced
the situation. being, not merely study.
the absence of
disease or infirmity. In conclusion, this theory made way
for a more straightforward path on
how nurses can render a holistic
approach to nursing care. It
emphasized that help is an integral
part of nursing, and to sum it all up,
the ideas incorporated in theory are
part and parcel of our discipline as
nurses/future nurses.
 Application to practice, education,
Theorist Title of Theory Major Concepts
and research
Person Nursing Health Environment
In nursing practice, Travelbee’s
For Joyce As defined by Joyce Travelbee The environment theory helps nurses to have self-
Travelbee, both the Travelbee, nursing stated that health is was not clearly actualize life experience – hospice,
nurse and the is “an interpersonal measured by defined in and understand and learn the
patient are human process whereby subjective and Travelbee’s theory. meaning of life, sickness, and death
beings. Nurse and the professional objective health, Also, Travelbee of the person.
patients, families, nurse practitioner that human beings relates that the
or communities assists an perceive and relate nurse must be In nursing education, theory helps to
under the umbrella individual, family, their sense of observant of the teach nurses to understand the
of illness are or community to health and illness. patient in a place meaning of illness and suffering.
Human to human. Travelbee’s prevent or cope To be human is to where the patient
Joyce Human thoughts that “a with the experience experience illness. is present to Lastly, in nursing research, the theory
Travelbee Relationship person is a of illness and She emphasized ascertain that the of Joyce Travelbee can be applied in
Mode contingent being to suffering and, if that subjective patient is in need. the theory of caring for cancer
whom things necessary, to find health is an She defined human patients.
happen which are meaning in these individually defined conditions and life
beyond his experiences.” She state of well-being experiences In conclusion, Travelbee’s grand
control… The also explained that according to self- encountered by all theory of Human-to-Human
person suffers and nursing is an appraisal of men as sufferings, Relationships provides nurses with a
chooses. Through interpersonal physical-emotional- hope, pain, and foundation necessary to connect
this research for process because it spiritual status. illness. Therefore, therapeutically with other human
meaning he creates is an experience Additionally, the her work with beings. Travelbee's theory has
himself”. A human that occurs objective health is psychiatric significantly influenced nursing and
being is a unique, between the nurse an absence of patients and the health care and greatly influenced
irreplaceable and the patient. discernible disease, community and the
hospice movement in the west.
 individual who is in disability of defect hospitalized
the continuous as measured by individuals
process of physical encompass an
becoming, evolving, examination, awareness about
and changing. laboratory tests, the environment.
and assessment by
the spiritual
director or
psychological
counselor.

Application to practice, education,

Theorist Title of Theory Major Concepts
and research
Person Nursing Health Environment
Initially, Benner used a promotion
Patricia E. Benner Patricia E. Benner According to Patricia Benner approach, the clinical nursing level, a
believed that there described nursing Benner, "on the uses the term of program for new graduate nurses
are substantial as a caring lived experience of the situation rather and seminars to develop clinical
aspects that make relationship, an being health and than the knowledge. The symposium focuses
up a person. She enabling condition ill," was the primary environment on excellence in nursing practice,
Patricia E. Novice to
theorized the main of connection and highlight of health. because the which is carried out for staff
Benner Expert Theory
aspects of concern between She also defined situation conveys a development, recognition, and
understanding as patient-nurse health as what can social environment appreciation as one way to
the person must relationships. She be assessed, while with social demonstrate the development of
deal with the role of also viewed nursing well-being and definition and clinical knowledge in practice. Lastly,
the situation, the as a caring practice being ill are meaningfulness. Benner has taken a hermeneutical
role of the body, the whose science is recognized as Moreover, the form to uncover the knowledge
role of personal guided by moral art different ways of phenomenological embedded in clinical nursing
practice.
concerns, and and ethics care. She being in the world. terms of being In education, the theory helps guide
temporality. She also portrays a high She also concluded situated and nursing curricula worldwide, and it
also said that “a level of emotional that health is not situated meaning also emphasized the importance of
self-interpreting involvement in the just the absence of were also used and learning the skill of involvement and
being, which is the nurse-client the disease and defined by the caring through practical experiences.
person does not relationship. illness. person's dynamic
come into the world interaction, In nursing research, the model can
predefined but gets understanding, and serve as maps that direct care,
in the course of interpretation of substitute knowledge, and conform.
living a life.” the individual's
situation. In conclusion, it can also use as a
basis that supported a nurse to shift
from being a novice to becoming a
professional. In this theory, it is
explained how nurses develop skills
and understand patient care over
time. It helps nurses gain skills,
perceptual awareness, knowledge,
and relational abilities through
practical clinical nursing and
coaching.