Mathematics Anxiety and Academic Performance Among Grade 10 Learners 1
Mathematics Anxiety and Academic Performance Among Grade 10 Learners 1
Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject,
Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion.
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Discipline
Inquiries, Investigation & Immersions
Science Technology, Engineering
and Mathematics
by
April 2018
iii
ABSTRACT
Track: Academic
Mathematics is an important knowledge for the society which is used in many aspects.
However, many individuals dislike mathematics as people continue to doubt about its
application in the real world. For this reason, many students find mathematics very difficult to
Occasional anxiety has been a normal part of life. It involves temporary worry or fear.
Mathematics anxiety is the feeling of tension and fear that hinders a learner to solve
mathematical problems in daily life and academic circumstances. Different anxiety levels
were described in four levels: mild, moderate, severe and panic. In Dapdap High School, it is
clear that, the learners are having difficulty when it comes to math subject. With this reason,
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the researchers are motivated to conduct a study that will identify the effect of mathematics
For this study, survey-questionnaire instruments were used to achieve the main goal of
the research study. The questionnaire was structured in a way that respondents will be able to
answer it easily. Thus, the set of questionnaire will be designed using the math anxiety scale
(MAS) MAS is a rating scale that requires the respondents to indicate his or her degree of
From the data gathered, it was revealed that mathematics anxiety has significant
relationship with the academic performance of the learners. The rho of the variables is -.360
which shows perfect negative relationship between mathematics anxiety and academic
performance of students. The result establishes the fact that as the anxiety increases, academic
Acknowledgment
The success and final outcome of this research study required a lot of guidance and
assistance from many people and the researchers are extremely privileged to have got this all
along the completion. All that have done is only due to such supervision and assistance and
and Immersion, for providing such a nice support, guidance, giving all the necessary
information for the accomplishment of this research study. His comments, suggestion,
correction and compliments greatly contributed in the improvement of this piece of work;
To Mrs. Joanna G. Capul, Adviser of grade 12 stem, for her invaluable in time,
effort and wisdom in providing exemplary encouragement, timely support and guidance’till
incomparable assistance and suggestions for the improvement of this paper. Also for guidance
To Mrs. Lorna B. Castro, Focal person of Senior High School, for providing such a
nice support and guided us all along . Also for the encouragement to pursue the study up to its
completion;
To Ms. Jenalyn P. Abraham, The researchers statistician, for her unselfish assistance
and unwavering support in sharing her expertise, excellence and wisdom in research and
statistics;
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To Mrs. Lea V. Sabasa and Mrs. Mailyn Q. Feliciano, for their knowledge, advice,
and encouragement ‘till the completion of the study. Also for sharing their expertise in
To Mr. Arcangel Q. Bañez Jr., Mr. Narciso I. Ambrocio Jr., Jessie Aquino, Ms
Jowena O. Felix and Mr Jeorge G. Aguas, The members of the panel, for their professional
and helpful comments and suggestions to improve the study and make it a polished paper. The
researchers are very greatful and thankful for the support and knowledge they’ve given;
To the Grade 10 learners of Dapdap High School during the school year 2017-2018,
1018. For their support and encouragement they’ve given. The researchers are very grateful to
To the Researchers’ parents, for all the support emotionally and financially. Also for
the love, encouragement and guidance they’ve given throughout the making of the research
study;
To our God Almighty, for the blessings and guidance he’d given. The researchers will
not be able to finish this paper without his constant guidance and presence.
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DEDICATION
Mr. and Mrs. Rodrigueza, Mr. and Mrs. Panlaqui, Mr. and Mrs. Mallari, Mr. and Mrs.
Montoya, Mr. and Mrs. Briones, Mr. and Mrs. Manguerra,Mr. and Mrs. Puno,
-The Researchers
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
APPROVAL SHEET………………………………………………………………….. i
TITLE PAGE………………………………………………………………………….. ii
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………….... iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT……………………………………………………………… v
DEDICATION……………………………………………………………………….... vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………….... viii
LIST OF TABLES…………………………………………………………………….. x
LIST OF FIGURES…………………………………………………………………… xi
Chapter
Introduction……………………………………………………………. 1
Statement of the Problem……………………………………………… 4
Hypothesis……………………………………………………………... 5
Significance of the Study……………………………………………… 5
Scope and Delimitation………………………………………………... 6
Definition of Terms……………………………………………………. 6
Related Literature……………………………………………………… 8
Related Studies………………………………………………………… 10
A. Foreign…………………………………………………………….... 10
B. Local……………………………………………………………….... 12
Conceptual Framework………………………………………………… 13
Research Design………………………………………………………... 16
Research Locale……………………………………………………….... 16
The Respondents………………………………………………………... 17
Samples and Sampling Techniques……………………………………...17
The Research Instrument and Validation of Instrument………………... 17
Data-Gathering Procedure………………………………………………..18
Statistical Treatment……………………………………………………...18
4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Summary of Findings………………………………………………….. 25
Conclusions…………………………………………………………….. 26
Recommendations……………………………………………………… 27
REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………... 29
APPENDICES………………………………………………………………………… 32
LIST OF TABLES
Tables Page
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
Introduction
Most students have accounts of struggling with mathematics subject which make them
think about if they can use the knowledge in real world. Certain teachers and parents admit
having been asked about the application of mathematics in life. Some answered that
occupations and status they have in society. From home to school, mathematics tools have
become a part of our day to day life. Mathematics is a unique subject and it is a fundamental
opportunities for concept building, relevant challenging question, problem solving, reasoning
and connections within the curriculum and real world situation “Students need to rely to
memorization and listing all the information and variables you need to identify in a
mathematical situation”.
However, majority of students all over the world dislike mathematics. Scarpello
(2007) stated that “Seventy five per cent of Americans stop the study of mathematics and stay
away from many careers that related to mathematics”. The main reason for this is the
mathematics anxiety.
Mathematics is a subject that causes many negative emotions of students. One of the
learning mathematics therefore, teachers should be aware of students affective beliefs and
Truly in the Philippine context, education remains a top priority. However, there are
some reasons demotivating students when it comes to Mathematics. When being tested, they
become anxious causing them to lose confidence in answering different math problems and
math equations.
an in-depth analysis and explanation of key anxiety disorders.” The term “anxiety disorder”
refers to specific psychiatric disorders that involve extreme fear or worry, and includes
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder and panic attacks, agoraphobia, social
Occasional anxiety is a normal part of life; you might feel anxious when faced with
problem, before taking a test, or making an important decision. But anxiety disorders involve
more than temporary worry or fear. For a person with an anxiety disorder, the anxiety does
not go away and can get worse over time. The feelings can interfere with daily activities such
as job performance, school work and relationships. There are several types of anxiety
disorders namely: generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder.
Mathematics anxiety is the feeling of tension and anxiety that hinders operation and
solving mathematical problems in everyday life and academic situations. Students who suffer
from mathematics anxiety have little confidence in their ability to do mathematics; they tend
to take least numbers of required mathematics courses which limits their career choice options
(Garry, 2005).
3
Math anxiety usually begins with unpleasant experiences in the math classroom.
opposed to a primary focus on understanding math concepts and empowering students to think
critically and analyse a problem before being simply shown what to do. Trying to memorize
procedures rather than understanding math concepts, rules and routines without much
understanding often causes the math to be quickly forgotten, which is when panic sets in for
problems and lessons which become an issue for some students and can even hinder their
performance on tests. Feelings of nervousness, anxiousness and tension tend to take over,
essentially preventing the student from completing the problem to the best of their ability.
Expected under stress have some degree of anxiety. Anxiety is your body’s way of
communicating to something either it makes you feel temporarily unsafe or stressed. There
are different ways your body corresponds to anxiety causing different symptoms as the level
Mild anxiety is common in everyday life. At this level, you’re likely open minded,
although stressed. You might experience irritability, sweaty palms and heightened senses. At a
moderate level of anxiety, you’re likely to focus exclusively on the stressful situation directly
in front of you and ignore other tasks. You might experience a faster heartbeat, dry mouth,
sweating and stomach pain or nausea. With high anxiety, symptoms intensify and others
develop, such as a pounding heartbeat, chest pain, headache and scattered thoughts with this
your ability to focus and solve problems is impaired which can lead to further anxiety. Very
high of anxiety is the most disruptive and challenging, as it overwhelms your capacity to
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function normally. You may experience an inability to move or speak, but sometimes the
opposite is true.
In Dapdap High School, it is clear in class that students have their difficulties in
understanding and answering different kinds of mathematics problem solving. Thus, their
performances in Math at times are considerably poor. In connection, Math teachers make use
of other methods to make it more easy and understandable, but others are not conscious of the
teaching methods they employ. With the said review, the researchers are motivated to conduct
the study in determining the level of mathematics anxiety among Grade 10 learners. Given
these preparatory interpretations, the researchers are optimistic that the results of the study
will help the students to understand their views about Mathematics and discover the presence
This study aimed to identify the level of mathematics anxiety and academic
questions:
4. What are the implications of the study in teaching and learning mathematics?
5
The results of the study will help the Junior High School learners, teachers, parents,
and future researchers to persistently work for a better understanding of math anxiety.
To the Students. Not of all students liked mathematics. In fact, some learners report
tension, apprehension and fear when facing mathematical tasks during class which makes the
learners to perform math related activities poorly. This study will be a great help to the
learners allowing them to think they have anxiety issues towards mathematics.
To the Teachers. The given data would guide the teachers on what to do with learners
who have math anxiety. The results will provide the teachers important knowledge about the
attitude of learners toward mathematics anxiety. The study contains the factors that affect the
anxiety level of junior high school particularly, grade 10. Therefore teachers can guide their
To the School Administrators. This study will give them opportunities to discover
the level of anxiety of the Grade 10 learners in Mathematics subject. Through the data that
this study will provide, the Mathematics policy that each school promotes or campaigns will
be transformed and improved for the benefit of the whole school community considering the
To the Parents. Like the teachers, the parents will also have important knowledge
about math anxiety and inform them that their children might be experiencing math anxiety.
The parents would be able to understand what their children are going through.
math anxiety level of Grade 10 learners in this study; this can also help decrease the
predictions and speculations of our readers. The outcome of the study is beneficial to both
present researches and future researchers. This study may be one of the bases of a new theory
in learning.
This study focused on the mathematics anxiety among grade 10 students of Dapdap
High School, Bamban, Tarlac during the school year 2017-2018. 232 students from Grade 10
The study was delimited in determining the mathematics anxiety level of Grade 10
learners with the use of Mathematics Anxiety Scale (MAS) in terms of the following levels of
anxiety: mild anxiety, moderate anxiety, high anxiety and very high anxiety; Identifying the
Definition of Terms
The study defined the following terms both conceptually and operationally for a clear
uneasiness and apprehension, typically with compulsive behaviour or panic attacks (Merriam,
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2018). In this study, this refers to the feeling or tension, or fear that interferes with the
mathematics subject.
Factors. This refers to the things that affect an event, decision or situation
(HarperCollins, 2007). In this study, these are the elements which can affect or contribute to
GAD (Generalized Anxiety Disorder). This refers to the excessive, exaggerated anxiety
and worry about everyday life events with no obvious reasons for worry (WebMD, 2016).
MARS (mathematics anxiety rating scale). This refers to a major scale used to
In this study, this refers to the scale that was used to identify the levels of mathematics anxiety
of the subjects.
MAS (Mathematics Anxiety Scale). The MAS consists of 10 items with the first 5
items positively worded and the last 5 items negatively worded (Godbey, 1997).
between figures and forms, and relations between quantities expressed symbolically (Free
Dictionary, n.d). In this study, this refers to the subject being taught in the school in the
Philippines.
Chapter 2
This chapter presents the literature, concepts, ideas, and complete researches which are
related to the conduct of this study. They were selected to support the knowledge of ideas and
perceptions included in the paper for well and meaningful improvement. Both local and
foreign studies have been pondered on which the researchers think have connection with the
present study.
Related Literature
Wigfield and Meece (1988) claimed that there are some people who have moderate or
severe specific mathematical learning disabilities and many people acquire some aspects of
mathematics anxiety, which may affect their mathematical learning and performance and
some of these is avoidance of activities and tasks related to mathematics in which it resulted
Hembree (1990) stated that with regards to mathematics, mathematics anxiety seems
to be related to self-rating. People who think that they are not good in mathematics are more
probably to be anxious.
According to Richardson and Suinn (1972), there are methods that you can use to
assess and measure the math anxiety. Most of these measures involve questionnaires and
rating scales, and are basically used with adolescents and adults. One of these is the
Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale or MARS. The Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale
(MARS) is a 98 item survey. Because of its length researchers have turned to the Mathematics
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Anxiety Scale (MAS) which was adapted by Betz (1978) from the Anxiety subscale of the
1976). The MAS consists of 10 items with the first 5 items positively worded and the last 5
items negatively worded. If the positively worded items are reversed for scoring, then a high
Good reliability has also been found for other mathematics anxiety measures such as
Betz's (1978) Mathematics Anxiety Scale Dew et al., (1984); Pajares and Urban, (1996) and
the Fennema–Sherman scales Mulhern and Rae, (1998). The mathematics anxiety scales
developed specifically for children have also been found to have good reliability, including
James' (2013) Children's Anxiety in Math Scale; and the scale developed by Vukovic et al.
(2013).
Scarpello (2007) stated that teachers who make threatening comments frequently
produce math-anxious students. Thus, if the teacher provides encouragement, the mathematics
anxiety of the students can be reduced. On the other hand, language of encouragement was
One of the factors that affect the math anxiety of students is their prior knowledge
about mathematics, in recent study of Archarya (2017) it is stated that “Students who have
lack of sufficient prior knowledge did not want to learn and could not get success in the
further level.” Therefore students who have insufficient knowledge about math can have
student’s Labor is another and important aspect of students related factors that affect students.
Mathematics is needed practice which has different theory and several formulas. So in
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learning mathematics, students should manage extra time for practice. Acharya (2017) said
“Some mathematics teacher says students do not try to learn mathematics and do not want to
do extra labor.” Mathematics is more complex subject to understand than other subjects,
Related Studies
A. Foreign Studies
a feeling of tension, apprehension, or fear that interferes with math performance. The first
systematic instrument for assessing math anxiety was the mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale
(MARS), published by Richardson and Suinn (Richardson, & Suinn, 1972). In this test,
participants rate themselves on the level of anxiety they would feel in various everyday
situations, such as trying to refigure a restaurant bill when they think they have been
strong tendency to avoid math, which ultimately undercuts their math competence and
Owens and Newbegin, (1997) said that Students who experience mathematics anxiety
are more likely to delay completion or not do tasks assigned to them at all. As an irrational
hinder learners’ positive thinking about mathematics learning and feeling calm. This fear
causes low self-esteem, disappointment and academic failure (Gresham, 2004); (Akin &
Kurbanoglu, 2011). In this study, the researchers focused on aspects of mathematical anxiety
such as students’ uneasy behaviour when doing mathematics, a failure to complete tasks on
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time and lack of confidence when handling mathematics tasks. Iossi (2007) identified
strategies for minimizing anxiety which include (a) curricular strategies, such as retesting,
self-paced learning, distance education, single-sex classes, and math anxiety courses; (b)
cooperative learning and process-oriented have been suggested in order to prevent or limit
mathematics anxiety (von Glasersfeld, 1991); Vacc, (1993) and Greenwood (1984). Reform
efforts in the teaching of mathematics have been under way to replace the behaviourist
difficult assignments, negative predisposition of parents, and even the mathematics teacher.
Moreover, teachers need to be aware of the effects of anxiety on student’s achievement and
motivation. Zakana and Nordin (2008) said, “Teachers should develop teaching strategies that
will help highly anxious students”. There are ways to manage math anxiety for students by
teachers to help in overcoming the anxiety of their students. Woodard (2004) suggested that
the teacher should create an environment where students do not feel threatened and allow
them to relax and teaching at a slow face can help the students to understand the lessons being
taught.
The research study written by Dreger and Aiken defined math anxiety as a feeling of
tension, apprehension or fear that interferes with mathematics performance. Richardson and
Suinn (1972) presented the first systematic instrument used to measure anxiety namely
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Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale (MARS). The studies of Owens and Newbegin, (1997),
Gresham (2004), Akin & Kurbanoglu, (2011), Iossi (2007), Glasersfeld, (1991), Vacc, (1993)
and Greenwood (1984), Zakana and Nordin (2008), Woodard (2004) focused on the different
implications of anxiety in teaching and learning of mathematics. The current study is the same
from the abovementioned foreign studies because they presented the things that may affect the
students.
B. Local Studies
No subject is avoided and labelled negatively the way mathematics has been.
Probably, a person experiencing the situation has mathematics anxiety. Mathematics anxiety
involves feelings of tension that interfere with the manipulation of numbers and the solving of
mathematical problems in a wide variety of ordinary and academic situations (Tobias, 1978).
It was also described as a "sudden death" or any situation when one experiences anxiety
"when confronted with mathematics in any way" (Byrd, 1982), an irrational phobia (Hodges,
1983), and a rational fear rooted in real experience of failure and inadequacy (Perry, 2004).
While mathematics anxiety could be seen as early as in elementary pupils (Lazarus, 1974;
Jackson and Leffingwell, 1999; Steele and Arth, 1998), it is disturbing that even pre-service
teacher exhibit mathematics anxiety (Hembree, 1990; Jackson, 2008; Rayner, et al., 2009).
Other study by Tapia (2004) and Zakaria and Nordin (2008) reported that learners
having little or no mathematics anxiety scored significantly higher in motivation than learners
with some or higher anxiety. One of the factors specific to mathematics anxiety is a lack of
confidence, which often leads to reduced motivation. According to Edelmuth (2006), and
Kesici and Erdooan (2004; 2009) learners with mathematics anxiety will often observe their
skills in mathematics as less than those in other subject and will not enjoy mathematics or will
13
not have the desire to master it. Motivation is another factor that may play an important role in
the experience of mathematics anxiety. Linnenbrink and Pintrich (2002) define motivation as
an academic enabler. Pintrich (2004) further stresses the importance of motivational beliefs in
the learning process. Learners’ effective learning is positively related to their motivational
beliefs.
The research studies written by Tobias (1978), Byrd (1982), Hodges (1983), Perry
(2004), Lazarus (1974) , Jackson and Leffingwell (1999), Steele and Arta (1998), Herbree
(1990), Jackson (2008), Rayner (2009) are focused on the feelings and experiences
encountered by person with mathematics anxiety. Different feelings of tension that interfere
with the manipulation of numbers and solving math problems are involved in math anxiety.
While the study of Tapia (2004), Zakaria and Nordin (2008) stated that learners who are not
experiencing mathematics anxiety are higher in motivation than learners experiencing anxiety.
Eldermuth (2006), Keseci and Erdooan (2004 – 2009) determine that motivation is another
factor that may play a significant role in mathematics anxiety. Similarly with the present
study, the following foreign studies are concerned on some factors affecting the math anxiety
All these foreign and local literature and conducted studies have been collected to
support the objective of the current study which is to assess and identify the mathematics
Conceptual Framework
a subject which provides us the opportunities for conceptual building, relevant challenging
question, problem solving and reasoning with real world situation. However, there are factors
14
affecting the mathematics subject of the learners and one of these is the math anxiety. Math
which harms future learning. A good experience in learning mathematics can overcome
unfavorable feeling which paves the way for success and future achievement by the learners
in the said subject. In this regard, the study focused on the Mathematics anxiety and academic
performance of Grade 10 learners. Moreover, it identified the level of anxiety, its relation to
the academic performance and implications of the study to teaching and learning
Mathematics.
Mathematics Academic
Anxiety Level Performance
of Grade 10 of Grade 10
learners learners
Results
Implications to
Teaching and
Learning
Mathematics
The conceptual paradigm shows the process on how the researchers obtained the
anxiety level of the respondents. Two hundred thirty two grade 10 learners are the respondents
of the study. Each of them was given a questionnaire which is the Mathematics Anxiety Scale
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(MAS). Furthermore, the researchers were able to determine the academic performance of the
respondents through their mathematics grade. From the result of the MAS, researchers were
able to identify the level of mathematics anxiety of the respondents. Moreover, the researchers
used SPSS to determine whether mathematics anxiety is correlated with the academic
performance or not. Finally, Implications to mathematics teaching and learning were derived
Research Design
This study made use of descriptive-correlational research design. However this study
research design describes an existing relationship between variables and seeks to clarify an
study, relationship between numerical anxiety and mathematics performance was examined.
Thus, descriptive-correlational design was deemed most appropriate because it describes the
relationships of the two quantitative variables. In this study, the two quantitative variables
Research Locale
The venue of the research was Dapdap High School (DHS) during the School Year
2017-2018. Dapdap High School was created as a resettlement high school by virtue of
RA7637. It was initially constructed in 1992 by the Task Force Pinatubo and was completed
in 1994 by the Mt. Pinatubo Commission. It was founded July 11, 1994, its first year of
operation offered all year levels in the secondary education as prescribed by the Department
From the start of its initial operation in 1994 the school has been under the direct control
and supervision of DECS, as a satellite school of San Roque High School. Due to the
unexpected turn out of enrollees, the need for classroom teachers became inevitable. Through
the commendable efforts of DECS – MPC Coordinator and through the managerial expertise
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of the School Principal of San Roque High School, Mrs. Ester S. Medina and The Mount
With the initiative of the previous and present school administrators, Dapdap High School
Division of Tarlac Province. DHS as a learning institution had offered STVEP merged K-to-
12 BEC curricula in the year 2011-2013. In the light of the full implementation of the RA
10533 better known as the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2012, the school is now offering
The Respondents
The 232 Grade 10 learners of Dapdap High School during the school year
2017-2018 were the respondents of the study. The researchers used Slovin’s formula and
came up with the total number of respondents. All of the participants were selected through
random sampling,
All of the participants were selected through random sampling, this sampling
method was conducted where each member of a population had an equal opportunity to
become part of the sample. For this purpose, a survey questionnaire in math anxiety was given
For this research, the survey-questionnaire instruments were used to achieve the main
objective of the study. The survey questionnaires were distributed to the selected students.
The questionnaire given to the learners aimed to assess the level of mathematics anxiety.
18
The questionnaire was structured in a way that respondents would answer it easily.
Thus, the set of questionnaire was designed using the math anxiety scale (MAS). MAS is a
rating scale that requires the respondents to indicate his or her degree of agreement or
disagreement to a statement.
In order to test the validity of the evaluation tool, which was used for this study, the
researchers assessed the answers from the questionnaires given to the 232 respondents.
Related studies, literature and other citations were gathered from the reliable sources.
Letter of request to permit the researchers to conduct the study among junior high school
students of Dapdap High School were given to the Dapdap High School principal. Upon
gathering and procedure are a must to find and get the desired result. In this research, the
researchers applied the survey method technique wherein the researchers gave questionnaires
to the respondents; the respondents were picked randomly. Respondents were composed of
Grade 10 learners. The scores were obtained to determine their level of anxiety in
mathematics.
The researchers also gathered the scores of Grade 10 learners using MAS to identify
whether they were experiencing mild anxiety, moderate anxiety, high anxiety and very high
anxiety.
Statistical Treatment
• Mean. The mean will be used to identify the average level of math anxiety of the
Where:
x̄ = Mean
MAS is composed of 10 items with the first five items positively worded and the last 5
items negatively worded. In positively worded items, the high score will indicate high anxiety
while in the negatively worded items low score will indicate high anxiety.
formula:
s=
Where,
s = standard deviation
x² = Variance
The scores were used in the analysis and interpretation of data. There were presented
in a tabular form for easy understanding. Frequency and percentage distribution was utilized
to facilitate the analysis of data. SPSS software was also used for managing, calculating, and
This chapter deals with the detailed analysis of the data gathered. The interpretations
Table 1 shows the frequencies and percentage of the students with very high, high,
Table 1
Moderate 87 37.5%
Mild 3 1.29%
percentage fell under very high anxiety level, while one hundred thirty-nine learners which
learners which is equal to 37.5 in percentage fell under moderate anxiety level. Meanwhile,
only three learners which is equivalent to 1.29 in percentage fell under mild anxiety.
Results show that most of the students have high mathematics anxiety. With high
anxiety, symptoms intensify and others develop, such as a pounding heartbeat, chest pain,
Table 2 shows the grades, frequencies and percentage of the students with different
Table 2
The table revealed that thirty-seven students fell under 90 – 100 mathematics grade
which is equivalent to outstanding and 15.95 in percentage. Also, forty –one students have 85-
Meanwhile, there is an increase in satisfactory scale because of the eighty students who had
80-84 mathematics grade and 34.48 in percentage. Also, sixty-nine students had 75-79
mathematics grade which is equivalent to fairly satisfactory and 29.74 in percentage. Lastly,
only five students fell under below 75 mathematics grade which is equivalent to did not meet
From the above data, we can glean on that most of the students regarding academic
Table 3 shows the correlations between the Math Anxiety and Academic Performance
of the students.
Table 3
Correlation: Here r = -.360 which shows perfect negative relationship between anxiety
The result establishes the fact that as the anxiety increases, academic performance
decreases and as anxiety decreases academic performance increases. The null hypothesis was
rejected.
The findings of the study showed that there is a significant relationship between math
anxiety and academic performance. In other words, Math anxiety has a significant effect on
the academic performance of the students. With these findings, we can say that academic
results imply that as the mathematics anxiety increases, the academic performance of the
student decreases.
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Teachers should find different ways to create a meaningful learning and have to be
supportive and encouraging with the different activities in their math class. They have to
apply these different ways to help students understand and find relief from their anxiety when
they reach a deeper understanding of the math they are learning. Teachers must give the
students a chance to do well in solving math problems and show them that they are capable of
Math teachers should use a definite and practical approach in teaching to provide
students the opportunity to transform their class into a better, easier and more fun that may
methods that can play a factor in students’ learning and academic improvement. Through
study and use of different teaching methods, they can guide and support the students who are
facing math anxiety. Teachers should monitor their students’ performance in their Math
Students should have a better prior knowledge when it comes to math. Having a good
prior knowledge is good predictor of student’s achievement if students have a good prior
knowledge about math it’ll be easier for them to learn new methods in mathematics. Thus,
having prior knowledge will boost their confidence to a engage in mathematical problems,
and as a result, student’s performance might increase and improve because of the knowledge
they have.
Chapter 5
This chapter discusses the summary and conclusions derived from findings and
Summary of Findings
Three learners which is equivalent to 1.29 in percentage fell under very high anxiety
level. However, one hundred thirty-nine out of two hundred thirty two learners which
corresponds to 59.91 in percentage fell under high anxiety level. Meanwhile, eighty-seven
learners which is equivalent to 37.5 in percentage fell under moderate anxiety level and only
three learners which is equivalent to 1.29 in percentage fell under mild anxiety level.
outstanding and 15.95 in percentage. Also, forty-one of the students which are 17.67 in
Meanwhile, eighty students which are 34.48 in percentage have 80-84 average grades in math
equivalent to satisfactory. While sixty nine students have an average grade of 75-79 which is
equivalent to fairy satisfactory and 29.74 in percentage and only five over two hundred thirty-
two students has an average of 75 below which is equivalent to 2.16 in percentage and falls
The rho of the variables is -.360 which shows perfect negative relationship between
mathematics anxiety and academic performance of students. The result establishes the fact
that as the anxiety increases, academic performance decreases and as anxiety decreases
Conclusions
Based on the results of the findings, the following conclusions were derived:
1. From the result of Mathematics Anxiety Scale, 59% of the grade 10 learners fell under high
level of mathematics anxiety, which means that most of the learners are experiencing
pounding heartbeat, nervousness, tension, sweaty palms, irritability and uneasy behaviour
when doing mathematics activities. On the other hand, only three or 1.29% of the grade 10
learners fell under the mild level of mathematics anxiety which means that only three among
the grade 10 learners are experiencing a little nervousness and anxiousness when doing
mathematics activities.
2. Academic Performance was determined by the mathematics grade of the learners. Out of
two hundred thirty two grade 10 learners, only thirty-seven students were classified into 90-
increase in satisfactory scale because of the eighty students or 34.48% who had 80-84
mathematics and only five or 2.16% of the students fell under below 75 mathematics grade.
From the results of the study, we can glean on that most of the learners are on average level of
academic performance.
of the respondents. Since the rho is - .360, the result of the study shows that there is perfect
27
negative relationship between the level of mathematics anxiety and academic performance.
This means that as mathematics anxiety level increases, the academic performance decreases.
4. Varied and meaningful actions and strategies must be used by the teachers in classroom
instruction to help students lessen and overcome their mathematics anxiety problem.
Recommendations
Based on the findings and conclusions, the following recommendations are hereby
presented:
1. Attend class…learners must attend class to keep up with the information and concepts
presented in class.
2. Get organized…learners should have a good class notes. Keep practicing the concepts
4. Replace negative self-talk with positive self-talk. Be mindful of what you are saying to
5. Math teachers are inspired to employ in their teaching and learning mathematics to
6. Teachers can use as many methods and activities that will engage the students and
research on math anxiety. They should not be afraid to try answering different math
problems and equations because of the positive things that surrounds them.
28
8. Future researchers may have a supplemental study where selected variables are more
precise.
9. Future researchers may conduct a study where certain factors affecting the
10. Future researchers should study other learning and teaching methods to identify the
References
A.Websites
Anxiety and Depression Association of America (n.d.). Retrieved December 1, 2017 from
https://adaa.org/understanding-anxiety
Ashcraft, M. (2001). “Math Anxiety: Personal, Educational, and Cognitive Consequences.”
Retrieved January 4, 2018 from http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1467-
8721.00196
Betz, N. (1978) “Prevalence, distribution, and correlates of math anxiety in college students.”
Retrieved January 4, 2018 from http://psycnet.apa.org/buy/1979-24735-001
Dreger, R. M., & Aiken, L. R., Jr. (1957). “The Identification of Number Anxiety in a College
Population.” Retrieved December 28, 2017 from http://psycnet.apa.org/record/1959-
02153-001
Gresha, Akin, and Kurbanoglu (2011). “Mathematics Efficacy Anxiety and Students
Performance in Introductory Technology.” Retrieved from
https://www.slideshare.net/mustaphaadeniyi/mathematics-efficacy-anxiety-and-
students-performance-in-introductory-technology
=that+with+regards+to+mathematics,+mathematics+anxiety+seems+to+be+related+to
+selfrating.+People+who+think+that+they+are+not+good+in+mathematics+are+more
+probable+to+be+anxious.&source=bl&ots=Z729M4d_ye&sig=uJORsBXtlc74bBzB
WqgK_pAcjbU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj4isimpMbYAhUBP5QKHTHCCZ8Q
6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=that%20with%20regards%20to%20mathematics%2C%2
0mathematics%20anxiety%20seems%20to%20be%20related%20to%20selfrating.%20
People%20who%20think%20that%20they%20are%20not%20good%20in%20mathem
atics%20are%20more%20probable%20to%20be%20anxious.&f=false
Hlalele, D. (2012). “Exploring rural high school learners’ experience of mathematics anxiety
in academic settings.” Retrieved January 5, 2018 from
https://www.ajol.info/index.php/saje/article/viewFile/79393/69687
Owens and Newbegin (1997). “Exploring Mathematics Anxiety: Mathematics Students’
Experiences.” Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/Downloads/1905-7508-1-
PB.pdf
Richardson and Suinn (1972). “The measurement of mathematics anxiety: The Mathematics
Anxiety Rating Scale for Adolescents—MARS-A.” Retrieved January 3, 2018 from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/16090977_The_measurement_of_mathemati
cs_anxiety_The_Mathematics_Anxiety_Rating_Scale_for_Adolescents-MARS-A
Scarpello, G. (2007). “Helping Students Get Pass Math Anxiety.” Retrieved December 1,
2017 from http://autotechl.com/ReadingsForEssays/DrGaryMathArticle9_07.pdf
Scarpello, G. (2005). “The Effect of Mathematics Anxiety on the Course and Career Choice
of High School Vocational-Technical Education Students
Sherman, H. et al. (2014). “Teaching Learners Who Struggle with Mathematics: Responding
with Systematic Intervention and Remediation.” Retrieved November 27, 2017 from
https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=28T5CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA5&lpg=PA5&dq=
Mathematics+instruction+must+provide+many+opportunities+for+concept+building&
source=bl&ots=j2mGOP658a&sig=3qVisJgCnlsCvYLJekSt7TWonCE&hl=en&sa=X
&ved=0ahUKEwjKuLf1vL7YAhWKm5QKHev1CqMQ6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&q=
Mathematics%20instruction%20must%20provide%20many%20opportunities%20for
%20concept%20building&f=false
31
Tapia, M. (2004). “An Appraisal of Sciences and Mathematics Dyslexia and Dyscalculia
Syndrome among Secondary Schools Students.” Retrieved January 2, 2018 from
http://www.sciepub.com/reference/46388
Wigfield, A. and Meece, J. (1988). “Math Anxiety Differentially Affects Boys’ and Girls’
Arithmetic, Reading and Fluid Intelligence Skills in Fifth Graders.” Retrieved
December 20, 2017 fom
http://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkposzje))/reference/References
Papers.aspx?ReferenceID=1930414
Zakaria, E., & Nordin, M. N. (2008). “Mathematics Anxiety and Its Development in the
Course of Formal Schooling—A Review.” Retrieved January 5, 2018 from
http://www.scirp.org/(S(lz5mqp453edsnp55rrgjct55))/reference/ReferencesPapers.asp
x?ReferenceID=846520
32
APPENDICES
33
APPENDIX A
Letter of Approval
(Officer in Charge)
January , 2018
Dear Ma’am/Sir,
The undersigned are presently conducting a research study entitled “Mathematics Anxiety and
Academic Performance among Grade 10 students of Dapdap High School.” It is expected that the
output of the study will be of great help for teachers improving teaching competencies and
methodology.
The research study will be pooled for the subject, Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion, a discipline
in the Grade 12. In accord, the results of the study will remain confidential and anonymous. Should
this study be published, only pooled results will be documented. No cost will be incurred by either
your class or the individual respondent.
In this regard, we would like to request a permission to get the 1 st and 2nd quarter mathematics grades
of your students. In accord, it will seek your help in the gathering of data that is vital in the completion
of the aforementioned study. Any information given will be kept in strict confidentiality.
We look forward to a positive confirmation, an honor for us indeed.
Noted by:
APPENDIX B
Letter of Approval from the Respondents
Dear Respondent,
The undersigned are presently conducting a research study entitled “Mathematics Anxiety and
Academic Performance among Grade 10 students of Dapdap High School.” It is expected that the
output of the study will be of great help for teachers in improving teaching competencies and
methodology.
In accord, it will seek your help in the gathering of data that is vital in the completion of the
aforementioned study. Any information given will be kept in strict confidentiality.
Members:
(SGD.) MICHAEL ARIEN TADEO (SGD.) DARWIN MANGUERRA (SGD.) ROMAR DEL ROSARIO
(SGD.) JOEY DINGLE (SGD.) CHRISTIAN JAY BRIONES (SGD.) AARON MALLARI
APPENDIX C
Sample Questionnaire
(1) (5)
(2) (3) (4)
It wouldn’t bother me at all to take math class
I have usually been at ease during math class
I have usually been at ease in math subject
I usually don’t worry about my ability to solve math problems
I almost never get uptight while taking math exam
I get really uptight during math tests
I get a sinking feeling when I think of trying hard math
problems
My mind goes blank and I am unable to think clearly when
doing mathematics activities
Mathematics makes me feel uncomfortable and nervous
Mathematics makes me feel uneasy and confused
Validated:
(SGD.) ARCANGEL Q. BAŇEZ (SGD.) JENALYN P. ABRAHAM
Teacher I/Research Coordinator OIC Mathematics/Grade 11 Chairman
APPENDIX D
Statistical Results
#59 26 80 #88 26 76
#60 32 83 #89 29 75
#61 27 82 #90 32 80
#62 24 83 #91 24 78
#63 25 84 #92 28 82
#64 32 82 #93 23 81
#65 28 82 #94 32 79
#66 22 82 #95 31 82
#67 27 84 #96 31 78
#68 30 75 #97 36 81
#69 34 76 #98 25 93
#70 33 80 #99 33 80
#71 20 79 #100 28 92
#72 32 80 #101 24 90
#73 25 76 #102 26 81
#74 33 79 #103 19 91
#75 25 78 #104 26 92
#76 17 77 #105 13 97
#77 20 80 #106 27 90
#78 30 79 #107 30 92
#79 27 76 #108 28 80
#80 29 83 #109 35 90
#81 33 84 #110 25 80
#82 31 81 #111 31 83
#83 32 80 #112 21 92
#84 29 77 #113 21 95
#85 30 77 #114 17 92
#86 24 84 #115 14 90
#87 25 83 #116 10 95
38
#117 26 92 #146 30 79
#118 24 91 #147 34 76
#119 19 91 #148 28 75
#120 13 92 #149 27 77
#121 25 90 #150 20 79
#122 27 95 #151 28 79
#123 27 90 #152 20 80
#124 26 90 #153 23 80
#125 23 90 #154 26 80
#126 29 91 #155 20 82
#127 24 90 #156 31 81
#128 25 81 #157 21 80
#129 26 83 #158 22 83
#130 23 83 #159 24 80
#131 28 80 #160 31 83
#132 37 81 #161 34 84
#133 39 80 #162 32 83
#134 18 83 #163 29 79
#135 23 84 #164 33 79
#136 32 79 #165 23 78
#137 35 80 #166 33 76
#138 22 77 #167 28 76
#139 31 79 #168 25 78
#140 26 80 #169 22 89
#141 32 76 #170 22 87
#142 15 78 #171 25 87
#143 29 76 #172 31 86
#144 24 77 #173 23 88
#145 18 79 #174 25 82
39
#175 28 78 #204 24 88
#176 27 78 #205 33 85
#177 32 75 #206 30 86
#178 26 75 #207 22 87
#179 33 77 #208 25 87
#180 28 75 #209 22 87
#181 38 75 #210 31 85
#182 30 75 #211 29 86
#183 26 78 #212 31 87
#184 21 87 #213 30 88
#185 27 76 #214 27 88
#186 27 88 #215 19 87
#187 18 79 #216 29 85
#188 24 89 #217 28 88
#189 29 78 #218 21 89
#190 28 89 #219 25 88
#191 33 85 #220 23 88
#192 29 85 #221 27 86
#193 28 85 #222 26 87
#194 27 78 #223 32 86
#195 28 77 #224 31 85
#196 29 75 #225 31 85
#197 29 77 #226 23 89
#198 28 75 #227 31 88
#199 25 86 #228 31 74
#200 21 89 #229 13 87
#201 22 89 #230 25 78
#202 14 89 #231 29 75
#203 32 81 #232 27 73
40
CURRICULUM VITAE
41
PERSONAL DATA
Name : Kyla P.Rodrigueza
Age : 18yrs. Old
Civil Status : Single
Date of Birth : September 12, 1999
Nationality : Filipino
Height : 5’4
Weight : 50 kg
Religion : Iglesia Ni Cristo
Languages : English, Tagalog
Parents : Leticia Rodrigueza
Darel Rodrigueza
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
PERSONAL DATA
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Senior High School Dapdap High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
2017-2018
Junior High School Dapdap High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
2012-2016
Elementary Dapdap Resettlement Elementary School
Sitio Pandan Bamban, Tarlac
2006-2012
AWARDS RECEIVED
➢ With Honors
Dapdap High School
April 4, 2016
PERSONAL DATA
Name : Aaron John P. Mallari
Age : 17
Civil Status : Single
Date of Birth : June 24,200
Nationality : Filipino
Height : 5’8
Weight : 53
Religion : Roman Catholic
Languages : Kapampangan
Parents : Ofelia P. Mallari
Harry P. Mallari
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Senior High School Dapdap High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
2017-2018
Junior High School Dapdap High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
2012-2016
AWARDS RECEIVED
➢ With Honors
Dapdap High School
April 4, 2016
➢ 2nd Placer Badminton Single Men
Dapdap High School
September, 2017
46
PERSONAL DATA
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Senior High School Dapdap High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
2016 - 2018
Junior High School Dapdap High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
2012-2016
Elementary Dapdap Resettlement Elementary School
San Nicolas, Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
2006-2012
AWARDS RECEIVED
➢ 9th Honors
Dapdap High School
March 31, 2015
➢ 2nd Place- Sudoku Contest
Dapdap High School
October 21, 2015
➢ 3rd Place- Math Quiz Bee
Dapdap High School
October 21, 2015
➢ 1st Place- Science Quiz Bee
Dapdap High School
October 5, 2015
➢ 2nd Place- HOMO (Hands-On, Minds-On)
Dapdap High School
October 5, 2015
➢ 3rd Place- Science Innovative Equipment
Dapdap High School
October 5, 2015
➢ 3rd Place- Municipal Schools Press Conference (Editorial Cartooning)
Banaba Elementary School
August 28, 2015
SEMINARS AND TRAININGS ATTENDED
PERSONAL DATA
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
EMPLOYMENT RECORD
➢ Time Keeper
House land Residences
De lapaz, City of San Fernando Pampanga
2016
AWARDS RECEIVED
PERSONAL DATA
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
PERSONAL DATA
Name : Erika W. Puno
Age : 17 years old
Civil Status : Single
Date of Birth : August 14, 2000
Nationality : Filipino
Height : 5 2”
Weight : 48 kg
Religion : Catholic
Languages : Filipino and English
Parents : Renan Narciso Puno
Vaneza Wage Puno
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
AWARDS RECEIVED
➢ With Honors
Dapdap High School
November 14, 2017
First Semester
➢ With Honors
Dapdap High School
April 4, 2017
54
PERSONAL DATA
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
➢ With Honors
Dapdap High School
November 11, 2016
➢ Perfect Attendance
Dapdap High School
November 11, 2016
56
➢ Seminar on Research
Dapdap, High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
February 10, 2017
➢ Earthquake and Fire Drill
Dapdap, High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
July 06, 2017
➢ Seminar on Career Preparation
Dapdap, High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
July 22, 2017
➢ Research Seminar (Quantitative and Qualitative)
Dapdap, High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
November 17, 2017
➢ Seminars on Work Ethics
Dapdap, High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
November 24, 2017
57
PERSONAL DATA
Name : Joey G. Dingle
Age : 18 years old
Civil Status : single
Date of Birth : Sept 13, 1999
Nationality : Filipino
Height : 5.5
Weight : 60 kg
Religion : Roman Catholic
Languages : Filipino and English
Parents : Amy G. Dingle
: Loreto A. Dingle
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
AWARDS RECEIVED
Perfect Attendance
Dapdap High School
November 11, 2016
SEMINARS AND TRAININGS ATTENDED
PERSONAL DATA
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Senior High School Dapdap High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
2017-2018
Junior High School Dapdap High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
2012-2016
Elementary Dapdap Ressetlement Elementary School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
2006-2012
EMPLOYMENT RECORD
➢ Dealer Associate
Wooing Company
Bamban, Tarlac
2013-2016
AWARDS RECEIVED
➢ Perfect Attendance
Dapdap High School
November 11, 2016
➢ Seminar on Research
Dapdap, High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
February 10, 2017
➢ Earthquake and Fire Drill
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
July 06, 2017
➢ Seminar on Career Preparation
Dapdap, High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
July 22, 2017
➢ Research Seminar (Quantitative and Qualitative)
Dapdap, High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
November 17, 2017
➢ Seminars on Work Ethics
Dapdap, High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
November 24, 2017
60
PERSONAL DATA
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
AWARDS RECEIVED
➢ Certificate of Award
SNA Alumni Foundation
Dapdap High School
2017-2018
➢ Certificate of Recognition(exemplary character)
Dapdap High School
April 2017
61
PERSONAL DATA
Name : Romar L. del Rosario
Age : 18 years old
Civil Status : single
Date of Birth : May 27, 1999
Nationality : Filipino
Height : 5.6
Weight : 60 kg
Religion : Methodist
Languages : Filipino and English
Parents : Ronaldo Y. del Rosario
Marites L. del Rosario
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Senior High School Dapdap High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
2017-2018
Junior High School Dapdap High School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
2012-2016
Elementary Banaba Elementary School
Dapdap, Bamban, Tarlac
2006-2012
AWARDS RECEIVED
➢ With Honors
Dapdap High School
November 11, 2016
➢ Perfect Attendance
Dapdap High School
November 11, 2016
➢ Perfect Attendance
Dapdap High School
August 24, 2017
63