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3 Channle

Channels in LTE can be divided into three categories: logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels. Logical channels define what type of information is transferred, transport channels define how the data is transferred to the physical layer, and physical channels define where the information is sent. There are control and traffic channels in both the downlink and uplink directions, and each type of channel is mapped to specific physical channels when transmitting data over the air.

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10 views5 pages

3 Channle

Channels in LTE can be divided into three categories: logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels. Logical channels define what type of information is transferred, transport channels define how the data is transferred to the physical layer, and physical channels define where the information is sent. There are control and traffic channels in both the downlink and uplink directions, and each type of channel is mapped to specific physical channels when transmitting data over the air.

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mohammed ali
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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What is a Channel in LTE?

The information flows between the different protocols layers are known as
channels. These are used to segregate the different types of data and allow them to be
transported across different layers. These channels provide interfaces to each layers
within the LTE protocol stack and enable an orderly and defined segregation of the
data.

Actually, LTE uses several different types of logical, transport and physical channel,
which can be distinguished by the kind of information they carry and by the way in which
the information is processed.

Classification of Channels in LTE:


Broadly in LTE Channel are divided into three categories named as below:

 Logical channels (What type of Information)


 Transport channels (How this information is transported)
 Physical Channels (Where to send this information)

These all three types of channel are present in Downlink as well as Uplink direction.
Mapping of these channels is shown in below pictures.
 

Logical Channels
Logical channels define what type of information is transferred. These channels define
the data-transfer services offered by the MAC layer. Data and signalling messages are
carried on logical channels between the RLC and MAC layers.

Logical channels further can be divided into two categories as control


channels and traffic channels. control channels carry signalling messages in the
control plane and they can be either common channel or dedicated channel.
A common channel means common to all users in a cell (Point to multipoint ) where
as  Dedicated channels means channels can be used only by one user (Point to
Point).

Traffic channels carry data in the user plane, while logical control channels carry


signalling messages in the control plane.

In LTE we have 7 logical channel in Downlink and 3 Logical channels in Uplink

Downlink Logical Channel :


Control channel: In Downlink there are 4 Control channel which carried Common
channel information as well as dedicated channel information

 Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) – It Used for broadcasting MIBs/SIBs


 Paging Control Channel (PCCH) – It is used for paging the UE
 Common Control Channel (CCCH) -It is Common to multiple UE’s
 Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH) – It used to transmit dedicated control
information for a particular UE
 Multicast Control Channel (MCCH) – It is used for transmit information for
Multicast

Traffic Channel: In Downlink we have 2 Traffic channel

 Dedicated Traffic channel (DTCH):  Dedicated Traffic for a particular UE


 Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH): used to transmit Multicast data

Uplink Logical Channel : In Uplink we have 2 control channels and one traffic channel.

 Common Control Channel (CCCH) -It is Common to multiple UE’s


 Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH) – It used to transmit dedicated control
information for a particular UE
 Dedicated Traffic channel (DTCH):  Dedicated Traffic for a particular UE

Transport Channels:
Transport channels define how and with what type of characteristics the data is
transferred to the physical layer. Data and signalling messages are carried on transport
channels between the MAC and the physical layer.

Downlink Transport Channels :LTE has 4 Downlink Logical Channels

 Broadcast Channel (BCH) :  This LTE transport channel maps to Broadcast


Control Channel (BCCH) and carries information like used for MIB and send
information to Physical Broadcast channel (PBCH)
 Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH)  This transport channel is the main channel
for downlink data transfer. It is used by many logical channels like BCCH, CCCH,
DCCH DTCH,MCCH,MTCH and send its information to Physical Downlink
Shared Channel (PDSCH). The information carried by this channel is SIB, Data
transfer
 Paging Channel (PCH) :  To convey the PCCH information and mapped to
Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) and carries Paging Information
 Multicast Channel (MCH) :   This transport channel is used to transmit MCCH
information to set up multicast transmissions. This channel is mapped to Physical
Multicast Channel (PMCH) this is basically used for MBMS services.
Uplink Transport channel: LTE has two channels

 Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH) :   This transport channel is the main channel
for uplink data transfer. It is used by many logical channels like CCCH, DCCH
DTCH.
 Random Access Channel (RACH) : This is used for random access procedure.

Physical Channels
These channels are also in both direction downlink and uplink directions. So we can
divide these into Downlink Physical channels and uplink Physical Channels. Based on
Data and signalling messages are carried on physical channels in LTE ,we can further
classified as

 Physical Data channels (DL, UL)


 Physical Control Channels (DL,UL)

Downlink Physical  Channel: 

 Downlink physical Data Channel (PBCH, PDSCH,PMCH)


 Downlink Physical Control Channel  (PCFICH,PHICH,PDCCH)

1. Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) This physical channel carries system


information for UEs requiring to access the network. It only carries what is termed
Master Information Block, MIB, messages
2. Physical Downlink Shared Channel  (PDSCH): The PDSCH can carry DL-SCH or
PCH. It carries SIB information, Paging Information and user plan Data.
3. Physical Multicast Channel (PMCH) : This channel type is used to carry MCH
and mainly used for MBMS Services.
4. Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH) :   As the name indicates
the PCFICH informs the UE about the format of the signal being received. It
indicates the number of OFDM symbols used for the PDCCH channel, whether 1,
2, or 3. The information within the PCFICH is essential because the UE does not
have prior information about the size of the control region (PDCCH). A PCFICH
is transmitted on the first symbol of every sub-frame and carries a Control Format
Indicator CFI.
5. Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)  : The PDCCH carries information
known as the Downlink Control Information or DCI . It carries the control
information for a particular UE or group of UEs. Basically A DCI provides the
following information. Downlink resource scheduling, Uplink power control
instructions. Uplink resource grantThe DCI format has several different types
which are defined with different sizes. The different format types include: type 0,
1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 2, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3, 3A etc
6. Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH): This channel is used to report
the Hybrid ARQ status. It carries the HARQ ACK/NACK signal indicating whether
a transport block has been correctly received.The PHICH is transmitted within
the control region of the subframe and is typically only transmitted within the first
symbol. If the RF conditions  are poor, then the PHICH is extended to a number
symbols for robustness

Uplink Physical  Channel:

 Uplink physical Data Channel ( PUSCH,PRACH)


 Uplink Physical Control Channel  (PUCCH)

1. Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) : This physical channel is used for
Uplink data transmission by the UE. They may also carries the uplink control
information sometimes. This channel is the counterpart of PDSCH channel in
Uplink
2. Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) :This Uplink physical channel is
used for random access procedure called RACH procedure. UE does RACH
procedure to get the Uplink synchronization
3. Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) : The Physical Uplink Control
Channel, PUCCH provides the various control signalling. These signalling are
known as Scheduling request, Downlink data ACK/NACK and  CQI information.

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