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Entropy 3 MS

This document is the mark scheme for an A-Level Chemistry exam on energetics and entropy. It provides the acceptable answers and marking criteria for 5 multiple choice questions and calculations involving entropy changes for different chemical reactions. The reactions involve calculating entropy changes for systems, surroundings, and total for combustion of methane and the formation of magnesium oxide from its elements.

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T Tycoon
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
34 views

Entropy 3 MS

This document is the mark scheme for an A-Level Chemistry exam on energetics and entropy. It provides the acceptable answers and marking criteria for 5 multiple choice questions and calculations involving entropy changes for different chemical reactions. The reactions involve calculating entropy changes for systems, surroundings, and total for combustion of methane and the formation of magnesium oxide from its elements.

Uploaded by

T Tycoon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Edexcel

A-Level
CHEMISTRY
Energetics II
Entropy 3

Time allowed
32 minutes

MARK SCHEME

Score Percentage

/27 %
4.1 | CELL BIOLOGY | QUESTION PAPER 1 1
Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark
Number
1 (a) ∆Ssystem = (3x2x65.3 +197.6) – (186.2 + 188.7) 2

Correct data for CH4 and CO (186.2 and 197.6)


(1)

= (+) 214.5 / 215 (J mol-1 K-1) 214


/ (+) 0.2145 / 0.215 kJ (mol-1 K-1) (1) 0.214

Units must be shown if data has been converted


to kJ

Full marks (2) for correct answer without working


Ignore sf except 1

Answer of -214.5 scores (1)

Answer of +18.6 if entropy of H not doubled


scores (1)

Answer of –46.7 if entropy of H2 not tripled scores


(1)

ALLOW TE in second mark for minor error in data


e.g. writing 63.5 instead of 65.3. No TE if data
used is not entropy of compounds.

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark


Number
1 (b) (∆Ssurroundings) = -∆H 2
T
Expression or use of expression, -206.1x(1000) (1)
298
= -691.6 J (mol-1 K-1 )/ -0.6916 kJ (mol-1 K-1 ) (1)
Ignore sf except 1
Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark
Number
1 (c) ∆Stotal = (214.5+(-691.6)) = -477.1 (J mol-1 K-1) / 2
- 0.4771 (kJ mol-1 K-1) (1)

ALLOW TE for answer to (a) plus answer to (b). Addition of value in J


If 214.5 is added to -0.69 no TE unless -0.69 is to specified value in
specified to be in joules. kJ
Ignore sf except 1

Negative / less than zero (so not spontaneous) / Comments on kinetic


would be positive if spontaneous. (1) stability

ALLOW “feasible” for spontaneous.

If answer to calculation is positive, accept


comment that it would be expected to be
negative if not spontaneous
Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark
Number
*1 (d) (i) Kp = (pH2)3x(pCO) Square brackets 6
(pCH4)(pH2O) (1)

4 Correct partial pressures (3)


CH4 H2O CO H2

pp 0.25 0.25 0.375 1.125

ALLOW partial pressures as fractions

Kp = (1.125)3 x (0.375) = 8.54 atm2


(0.25)(0.25)

value of Kp (1)

unit (1) (Stand alone mark)

Correct calculation without working scores the 5


calculation marks.

TE from Kp expression if inverted TE for Kp expression


Ignore sf except 1 with addition, not
multiplication
If any partial pressures are incorrect:
Calculating total number of moles (6.4) (1)

Calculating mole fractions (0.125, 0.125, 0.1875,


0.5625 if total number of moles is correct) (1)

Multiplying mole fractions by total pressure (x 2


atm) (1)

value of Kp (1)

unit (1) (stand alone mark)

ALLOW TE in value of Kp only from incorrect


partial pressures, not using values in question as
not using equilibrium moles

If treated as a Kc calculation following Kp


expression :
Kp expression (1)
units atm2 (1)

Max. mark (2)


Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark
Number
1 (d) (ii) ∆Stotal = (8.31 ln 8.54) = (+)17.8 (J mol-1 K-1) 1
Accept any value that rounds to 17.8

TE from value in (i)

Kp value of 87.48 (obtained by treating


calculation in (i) as Kc) gives ∆Stotal = 37.16 /
37.12

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark


Number
1 (d) (iii) 17.8 = 225 - 206.1 x 1000 (1) 2
T
T = (206.1 x 1000) = 995 / 990 (K) (1)
207.2

Correct answer with no working shown scores 2


Correct method with wrong answer or missing 103
scores 1

TE from (ii)
Kp value of 87.48 gives T = 1097

OR

If ∆Stotal is taken as zero


0 = 225 - 206.1 x 1000 (1)
T
T = 916K (1)

Kp value of 87.48 gives T = 916

Ignore sf except 1
Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark
Number
*1 (e) ∆Ssurroundings / -∆H Le Chatelier 2
T statements without
becomes less negative making ∆Stotal more positive reference to entropy
(as T increases) changes

OR ∆Ssurroundings / -∆H
T
becomes less negative making ∆Stotal greater (as T
increases)

OR (magnitude of) ∆Ssurroundings becomes less /


lower making ∆Stotal more positive / greater (as T
increases) (1)

Because ∆Stotal increases equilibrium constant


increases (1)

OR

value of ∆Stotal at new temperature is more than


at 298K (1) Just ‘as temperature
(must be clear that the two ∆Stotal values at the increases ∆Stotal
different temperatures have been considered) increases’

Because ∆Stotal increases equilibrium constant


increases (1)
Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark
Number
2 (a) ∆Sototal is positive / ∆Sototal › 0 Just “the entropy is 1
positive”
with or without superscript

NOTE: This mark may be awarded from


answer to Q25(b)(v)

Accept
∆Go is negative

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark


Number
2 (b)(i) (+)27.3 and (+)87.4 (J mol–1 K–1) 1

IGNORE incorrect units

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark


Number
2 (b)(ii) ∆Sosys = (2x87.4) – {(4x27.3 + (3x205.0)} 2
(1)

= —549.4 / —549(J mol–1 K–1) (1)

Correct answer with or without correct units


(2)
IGNORE any wrong units

Accept TE from (b)(i)

NOTE: +549/+549.4 scores (1)

Check working

NOTE:
1st mark: for x2, x4 and x3
2nd mark: for (products – reactants), with
correct arithmetic
Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark
Number
2 (b)(iii) ∆Ssurr =—∆H 1
T
= — (—1648 x 103) ÷ 298(.15) (J mol–1 K–1)

= (+) 5530 (J mol–1 K–1)


OR
= (+) 5.53 kJ mol-1 K–1 (1) Just (+)5.53 with no
units OR
NOTES: (+)5.53 kJ mol-1

• Correct answer, with or without


working, scores
(1)

• If 5530 (J mol–1 K–1) given, IGNORE any


subsequent incorrect attempts to
convert it to a value in kJ mol-1 K–1

IGNORE s.f. except one s.f.

Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark


Number
2 (b)(iv) ∆Stotal = (-549.4) +(+5530) Just the formula: 2
= +4980.6/+ 4981 J mol–1 K–1
OR ∆Stotal = ∆Sosys + ∆Ssurr
+4.981 kJ mol-1 K–1

(1) for value


(1) for correct sign and units

IGNORE s.f. except one s.f.

Accept TE from (b)(ii) and (b)(iii)


Question Acceptable Answers Reject Mark
Number
2 (b)(v) (∆Ssystem is negative): 3

as loss of disorder as gas  solid

OR

more order as gas  solid

OR

as decrease in entropy as gas  solid

(1)

(∆Ssurr is positive):

(heat) energy released (increases kinetic Just “reaction is


energy and hence movement of the surrounding exothermic”
molecules)
(1)

∆Stotal is positive because ∆Ssurr is (numerically) ∆Stotal is negative (0)


greater than ∆Ssys for third scoring point
OR
∆Ssurr “outweighs” ∆Ssys
OR
∆Ssurr sufficiently large so that ∆Stotal is positive
(1)

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