EPE 491

ELECTRICAL POWER AND MACHINES

 COURSE OUTLINE
CHAPTER 02 CHAPTER 03 CHAPTER 04 CHAPTER 05
CHAPTER 01 CHAPTER 06

INTRODUCTION TO FUNDAMENTAL ELECTROMAGNETISM ELECTRICAL SAFETY

ELECTRICAL POWER OF ELECTRIC MACHINES INTRODUCTION ASPECT OF
AND TRANSFORMER TO SOLID-STATE
SYSTEM CIRCUITS AND THEIR ELECTRICAL
APPLICATION MOTOR DRIVES MACHINES
Introduction Introduction Electro- DC Motor, Semiconductor Protection of Electrical
to Power to Circuit magnetism, Induction Motor, devices as switches: Machinery
System Analysis, single and Single and Three diodes, thyristor, Overcurrent,
Fundamental three phase phase motor, IGBT Single-phase Overload, Earth Fault
of AC Theory, transformer Stator and Rotor and Three-phase and Undervoltage
Three phase Rectifiers protection
system Electricity Rules and
Regulations
CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
TO ELECTRICAL
POWER SYSTEM
C O U R S E O U T C O M E

Describe the fundamentals

CO
1 of electrical concept in
power system

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 INTRODUCTION 4

Description of Electrical Power

System
A network of components designed
to transmit and distribute the
energy produced by generators to
locations where it is used.

Why we need the power

system?
Required to generate and supply
electrical energy to consumers

Main topic

• National Grid
• Energy resources
Electricity generation and
demand

The three main characteristics of electricity supply are as

follows:
1. Electricity cannot be stored in bulk form. Thus, power must
be generated continuously so that it meets the demand at a
specific voltage and frequency.
2. Increases in population, industrial expansion, housing areas
and etc lead to the continuous increase in demand for
power.
3. Power station is located near to the resources location.
 ELECTRICAL
POWER
SYSTEM

Electricity always there All poles and wire along the The power plant in a country If one power plant cannot
whenever we tip a switch or street or in front of our are connected to each other produce enough electricity due
plug in a cord. But how does house are called electrical through the electrical system to shut down or any technical
the electricity exist in our transmission and which is known as power grid issues, another power plant
house? Where it comes from? distribution or National grid can send some where it is
needed.
 Overview of
Overall
Electrical Power
System
GENERATION
COMPONENTS
THREE MAIN

TRANSMISSION

DISTRIBUTION
ELECTRICAL
POWER
SYSTEM
 HOW POWER GRID WORKS? 9

Energy cannot This applied the

be created or first law of
destroyed THERMAL ENERGY
MECHANICAL
Thermodynami
(HEAT FROM
STEAM
ENERGY (TURBINE) cs

CHEMICAL
ELECTRICAL
ENERGY (COAL)
ENERGY
(GENERATOR)

LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

 TYPE OF POWER PLANT
ENERGY RESOURCES

HYDRO NUCLEAR THERMAL GREEN ENERGY

Hydroelectric power plants are Nuclear power stations also Coal run power plants fall It is known as non-
one of the most effective and top the list of power plants under the category of conventional power plants.
eco-friendliest of all power that can produce massive thermal power plants. Diesel- These power stations are
plants. In a hydroelectric amounts of energy. A nuclear run and Natural Gas-run capable of producing clean
power plant, electricity is power plant works by power plants are the other energy (or Green Energy)
granted from water. converting nuclear energy into two types of thermal power
electricity. plants that are commonly
One of the advantages of a used for electricity
Hydroelectric power plant is The advantage of a nuclear generation.
that there is no waste power plant is that they do not
generated from the creation of need to burn anything to
energy create energy. Hence, the
carbon emission from a
nuclear power plant is very 10
ZZ FKE low.
 GREEN ENERGY RESOURCES 11

SOLAR WIND
Solar power plants use the Wind power plants
energy of the sun to convert wind energy to
produce electricity. Solar electrical energy using
panels capture the wind turbines. These are
sunlight using also very effective at
photovoltaic cells and producing clean energy.
convert it into electricity.

TIDAL GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

Tidal power plants use tidal Geothermal power plants
fences or tidal barrages to are similar to the steam
harness the power of the turbine power stations.
tides. The adoption rates for However, instead of
tidal power plants have been burning fossil fuels,
low since there are some geothermal power plants
critical limitations to use the heat from the
implementing a tidal power earth’s core to create
plant. steam..

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 TYPICAL LOAD CURVE

• Figure shows typical

load curve for 24
hours.
• Total power depends
on the time of the
day and the daily
activities of the
consumers
 POWER GENERATION BASED ON LOAD DEMAND 13

PEAK-POWER STATION

1. Generally run only when there is a high demand,

known as peak demand.
2. Deliver power for short intervals during the day
BASE-POWER STATION
3. Able to respond very quickly because they can
be started up in a few minutes. 1. Base load is the minimum
4. Have high operating cost due to their idling-time amount of power that a
and unutilized capital costs but necessary for utility company must make
optimal operation of power system. available to its customers.
5. Usually gas turbines are used for this purpose. 2. Deliver full power
INTERMEDIATE-POWER STATION continuously i.e. 24 hours a
day and 365 days a year.
1. Can respond to changes in demand relatively 3. Most economical in terms of
quickly, usually by adding or removing one or operating costs i.e. high
more generating units. efficiency output & most
2. Operate mainly during day time to complement reliable.
the base stations. 4. Nuclear & coal-fired stations
3. The most economical in terms of production are suitable for this purpose .
costs, although unreliable in terms of actual
energy output.
4. Hydropower stations are suitable for this purpose.