Infineon DS Explanation Update An v01 01 en ApplicationNotes v01 00 en
Infineon DS Explanation Update An v01 01 en ApplicationNotes v01 00 en
Intended audience
Design engineers for automotive applications
Table of contents
About this document ....................................................................................................................... 1
Table of contents ............................................................................................................................ 1
1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 2
2 Datasheet Parameters in New Datasheet Template .................................................................... 3
2.1 Power Dissipation ................................................................................................................................... 3
2.2 Drain Current ........................................................................................................................................... 4
2.3 Safe Operating Area ................................................................................................................................ 5
2.4 Thermal characteristics .......................................................................................................................... 6
2.5 Typical Output Characteristics and Maximum Gate-Source Voltage .................................................... 7
2.6 Drain-Source ON-state Resistance as a function of Drain Current ........................................................ 8
2.7 Transfer Characteristics .......................................................................................................................... 9
2.8 Drain-Source ON-state Resistance ......................................................................................................... 9
2.9 Gate Threshold Voltage ......................................................................................................................... 10
2.10 Capacitances ......................................................................................................................................... 11
2.11 Reverse Diode Characteristics .............................................................................................................. 12
2.12 Avalanche Ratings and Characteristics ................................................................................................ 13
2.13 Drain-Source Breakdown Voltage ........................................................................................................ 14
2.14 Gate Charge Characteristics.................................................................................................................. 15
2.15 Leakage Current .................................................................................................................................... 16
2.16 Switching Times .................................................................................................................................... 16
2.17 TJ – Operating temperature .................................................................................................................. 17
2.18 Gate Resistance ..................................................................................................................................... 17
2.19 Packaging Information.......................................................................................................................... 18
3 Summary ............................................................................................................................. 19
4 References ........................................................................................................................... 20
5 Revision History .................................................................................................................... 21
Application Note Please read the Important Notice and Warnings at the end of this document
www.infineon.com page 1 of 22 2021-11-29
Datasheet Explanation Update
for Infineon’s Automotive MOSFETs
Introduction
1 Introduction
Power MOSFETs are widely used for a variety of automotive applications. Infineon offers a broad portfolio of
high power automotive MOSFETs. Application designers can select the device which best meets the
application’s requirements by using product datasheets. The datasheet is one of the most important resources
to help the designer because of the detailed technical product information it contains about the
MOSFET. However, sometimes, the datasheet is deemed to be too complicated because of the great amount of
information it contains in such a condensed format. This application note will help overcome that perception
by providing general guidance to help read and understand the datasheet and its contents. Each
datasheet specification parameter and diagram is explained in detail.
The goal of this application note is to help improve the reader’s comprehension of the parameters and
diagrams in the datasheet. This will result in a more thorough understanding of MOSFETs and their behavior
by application designers and help them better determine operational limits of these devices. This will also help
application designers more effectively compare different MOSFETs and select the best one for their
application.
Infineon’s website contains several other application notes on a variety of topics, including design guidelines
for MOSFETs. [1]
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Datasheet Parameters in New Datasheet Template
The power dissipation Ptot is related to junction-to-case thermal resistance RthJC which is material and
dimension dependent. With increasing case temperature, the maximum allowable power dissipation decreases
as illustrated in the diagram in the datasheet.
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Datasheet Parameters in New Datasheet Template
In the latest MOSFET datasheet with new template, maximum Drain current ID is specified under three different
conditions as shown in Figure 3.
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Datasheet Parameters in New Datasheet Template
The pulsed Drain current limit ID,pulse, is relevant at pulse width tp which is specified in addition to case
temperature TC. Therefore, the rating can be calculated using equation (2) above by applying thermal
impedance ZthJC extracted from thermal impedance plot on datasheet instead of RthJA. Since thermal impact to
case temperature TC under a short period of time (typically below 1ms) is minimal, TC can be considered
constant for ID,pulse.
The plot for ID over TC in the latest datasheet also follows the new ID rating format as seen in the Figure 4 below.
d) In linear mode operation there is a risk of forming hot spots at low Gate-Source voltage due to the
potential for thermal runaway. This effect is becoming more critical on the latest MOSFET
technologies which have high current densities in the region where the zero temperature coefficient
point of the transfer characteristic is shifted to higher Drain current. In order to consider the hot
spot effect for higher VDS and longer pulse width, derating is applied to the SOA diagram in this
region.
Please refer to additional application note available on Infineon web site that discusses this topic in
detail. [3]
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Datasheet Parameters in New Datasheet Template
e) The maximum breakdown voltage V(BR)DSS of the MOSFET defines the max VDS limit in the SOA
diagram
(a)
(c)
(b)
(d)
(e)
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Datasheet Parameters in New Datasheet Template
The transient junction-to-case thermal impedance ZthJC takes the heat capacity CthJC of the device into account.
It can be used to estimate temperature raise caused by transient power losses. Depending on the pulse width tP
and the duty cycle D = tP/T, thermal resistance varies over a wide range and its behavior is specified as a
diagram in the datasheet as seen in Figure 7. The junction temperature increase can be calculated by the
following equation (4). TJ,start is equal to TC at thermal equilibrium before the power pulse is applied.
(4) 𝑇𝐽 = 𝑇𝐽,𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑡 + 𝑃𝑡𝑜𝑡 ∗ 𝑍𝑡ℎ𝐽𝐶 (𝑡𝑃 , 𝐷)
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Ohmic
Region
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Datasheet Parameters in New Datasheet Template
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Datasheet Parameters in New Datasheet Template
𝛼
(6) 𝑅𝐷𝑆𝑜𝑛 (𝑇𝐽 ) = 𝑅𝐷𝑆(𝑜𝑛),25°𝐶 ⋅ (1 + 100)𝑇𝐽 −25°𝐶
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2.10 Capacitances
The parasitic capacitances of the MOSFET are specified with typical and maximum rating under given
conditions, and they are defined by design during development. The capacitances between each terminal can’t
be directly measured, however, they can be calculated using input, output and reverse transfer capacitances.
Following equations describe the relationship among them.
(7) 𝐶𝑖𝑠𝑠 = 𝐶𝐺𝑆 + 𝐶𝐺𝐷
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑠 = 𝐶𝐷𝑆 + 𝐶𝐺𝐷
𝐶𝑟𝑠𝑠 = 𝐶𝐺𝐷
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Datasheet Parameters in New Datasheet Template
• Diode continuous forward current IS: this parameter determines maximum allowable DC forward
current flowing into body diode under specified conditions and it is normally identical to continuous
Drain current
• Diode pulse current IS,pulse: this parameter defines maximum allowable pulsed current flowing into body
diode under specified conditions and it is normally identical to pulsed Drain current
• Diode forward voltage VSD: this parameter specifies a voltage drop between Source and Drain at diode
ON-state under given conditions and it is 100% tested in production.
• Reverse recovery time trr: this parameter defines the time until reverse recovery charge is removed.
Typical and maximum rating are specified by design during development.
• Reverse recovery charge Qrr: this parameter specifies the charge that accumulates in the PN junction of
a MOSFET's body diode when the diode is forward biased under given conditions. Typical and
maximum rating are specified by design during development.
body diode conducts in the reverse direction, from Drain to Source in this case, for a short period of time. After
the carriers have been swept out and the body diode enters reverse blocking mode, the current flow drops to
the leakage level. Reverse recovery time trr is this short period of time when the body diode conducts in a
reverse direction and reverse recovery charge Qrr is the released charge during trr.
ISD, VDS
ISD
VDS
diF/dt
IF
VDD
t
VSD Qrr
Irr
trr
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Datasheet Parameters in New Datasheet Template
The second diagram shows the maximum single pulse avalanche energy EAS as a function of junction
temperature TJ at given IAS. As a rule of thumb, allowable EAS is inversely proportional to IAS. The EAS decreases as
TJ increases, and can be calculated with equation (9).
𝑇𝐽_𝑚𝑎𝑥 −𝑇𝐽
(9) 𝐸𝐴𝑆 (𝑇𝐽 ) = (𝑇 )2 ∙ 𝐸𝐴𝑆_25°𝐶
𝐽_𝑚𝑎𝑥 −25°𝐶
Please refer to two application notes available on the Infineon website that describes avalanche characteristics
in detail. [4] [5]
Figure 22 Typical Avalanche Characteristics, Current IAV = f(tAV) (Left) and Energy EAS = f(TJ) (Right)
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Datasheet Parameters in New Datasheet Template
Figure 26 Typical Gate Charge VGS=f(QGate) (Left) and Generalized Gate Charge Waveform (Right)
• Gate-Source leakage current IGSS is defined under given conditions. This parameter is 100% tested in
production. Maximum rating of IGSS comes by design during development.
• Rise time tr: it is measured at falling edge of VDS between 90% value and 10% value
• Turn-off delay time td(off): it is measured between 90% value of falling edge on VGS and 10% value of rising
edge on VDS.
• Fall time tf: it is measured at rising edge of VDS between 10% value and 90% value
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Datasheet Parameters in New Datasheet Template
VGS, VDS
VDS
90%
10%
VGS
td(on) tr td(off) tf
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Summary
3 Summary
The parameters and diagrams described on the datasheet are explained in this document. It is very important
for design engineers to read and understand the datasheet contests properly for finding the right product for
their applications.
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References
4 References
[1] Infineon automotive MOSFET web site
https://www.infineon.com/cms/en/product/power/mosfet/automotive-mosfet/#!documents
[2] Application note “Automotive MOSFETs Datasheet Explanation”
https://www.infineon.com/dgdl/20140428_appnote_MOSFET_Datasheet_explanation.pdf?fileId=db3a30431ed
1d7b2011eee736f845470
[3] Application note “MOSFET linear mode operation and SOA power MOSFETs”
https://www.infineon.com/dgdl/Infineon-
ApplicationNote_Linear_Mode_Operation_Safe_Operation_Diagram_MOSFETs-AN-v01_00-
EN.pdf?fileId=db3a30433e30e4bf013e3646e9381200
[4] Application note “Repetitive Avalanche of Automotive MOSFETs”
https://www.infineon.com/dgdl/AN_Repetitive_Avalanche_Rev_1.pdf?fileId=db3a3043430f543101430f7c6aea0
000
[5] Application note “MOSFET some key facts about avalanche”
https://www.infineon.com/dgdl/Infineon-ApplicationNote_Some_key_facts_about_avalanche-AN-v01_00-
EN.pdf?fileId=5546d462584d1d4a0158ba0210977cde
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Revision History
5 Revision History
Document Date of release Description of changes
version
1.0 November 18, 2021 Initial release
1.1 November 29, 2021 Diagram size adjusted
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