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How To Calculate SMPS Transformer - Formula - Electronic Circuit

The document discusses how to calculate the primary and secondary windings of an SMPS transformer. It provides a formula to determine the primary winding based on the effective input voltage, frequency, maximum flux density, and core cross-sectional area. As an example, it calculates the primary winding would be 3 turns for a transformer with a 12V input voltage, 50kHz frequency, and using an EI33 core type. It then calculates the secondary winding would be 96 turns to provide an output of 330V from a minimum 10.5V input.

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Cristian Fernandes
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291 views

How To Calculate SMPS Transformer - Formula - Electronic Circuit

The document discusses how to calculate the primary and secondary windings of an SMPS transformer. It provides a formula to determine the primary winding based on the effective input voltage, frequency, maximum flux density, and core cross-sectional area. As an example, it calculates the primary winding would be 3 turns for a transformer with a 12V input voltage, 50kHz frequency, and using an EI33 core type. It then calculates the secondary winding would be 96 turns to provide an output of 330V from a minimum 10.5V input.

Uploaded by

Cristian Fernandes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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How to Calculate SMPS Transformer - Formula

Electronics Hobbyist

Some people may still be confused about how the rules for the SMPS transformer or commonly
called ferrite transformers.

Previously there were several rules for selecting wire diameters based on the frequencies used.

After knowing the wire that is used based on the frequency of the MOSFET driver that is used
now we see first the formula determines the primary winding (Np).
Description

Npri = primary winding

Vin = Effective Input Voltage

f = frequency

Bmax = maximum flux density 1200 - 2000

Ac = Effective Cross Sectional Area (see datasheet of each type of transformer core (example
EI33 = 1.19, ETD39 = 1.25).

For example, the above formula is specifically for push-pull topology.

For example, I want to make an inverter transformer with specifications:

Effective Vinput = 12v

Minimum Vinput = 10,5v

Max output = 330v

Normal Vout = 220v

Driver frequency = 50KHz or 50000Hz

then the primary (Np) and secondary (Ns) are?

I previously set the Bmax I want to use is 1600 (range Bmax 1200-2000) and uses EI33 core
type with Ac 1.19

Np = (12v x100000000) / (4x50000x1600x1,19)

Np = 3.15 my turn rounds to 3 turns

check the Bmax value again not to be less than or more than the adjusted range above. then if I
turn rounds into 3 (Np = 3).

Bmax = (12v x100000000) / (4x50000x3x1,19)

Bmax = 1680 (still in the range 1200-2000)

Now we calculate Primary Turn (Ns). because the output voltage can be adjusted or stabilized by
setting the percentage duty cycle, if there is a voltage input drop to a minimum of 10.5v, the duty
will increase to a maximum of 98% to maintain normal output stability at 220v or at least above
200v. For that N = 330v / (10,5v x 98% duty) = 32 so

Ns = N x Np

Ns = 32 x 3

Ns = 96 turns

To optimize the voltage-current, you can double the number of wires in accordance with the
power and capacity of the bobbin.

Suppose you make a transformer with an output power of 300 watts, then 300watt / 220v =
1.4Amper and see the wire that can be used with a 50KHz frequency in the AWG table above. for
example the wire used is 0.5mm then 1.4 Amp / 0.5 = 2.8 or rounded down or upward to be 2 or
3 double wire and of course the coil must be 2 or 3 times more primary wire used than secondary
because Vin 12v then 300w / 12v = 25A so that the primary transformer wire does not overheat
it must be joined into several wires in accordance with the bobbin ability or the capacity of the
transformer bobbin.

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