Scribd
Upload
84 views

Addition and Subtraction of Matrices

The document provides examples and explanations for adding and subtracting matrices. It defines that: - Only matrices with the same order (same number of rows and columns) can be added or subtracted. - To add or subtract matrices, the corresponding elements are worked on. - Several examples of adding and subtracting 2x2 matrices are worked through as examples. - An activity is provided asking students to calculate additional matrix additions and subtractions.

Uploaded by

Nia Ram
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
84 views

Addition and Subtraction of Matrices

The document provides examples and explanations for adding and subtracting matrices. It defines that: - Only matrices with the same order (same number of rows and columns) can be added or subtracted. - To add or subtract matrices, the corresponding elements are worked on. - Several examples of adding and subtracting 2x2 matrices are worked through as examples. - An activity is provided asking students to calculate additional matrix additions and subtractions.

Uploaded by

Nia Ram
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

MATHEMATICS

FORM 4 LESSON 2

MATRICES

Addition & Subtraction of Matrices

Examples:

5 −3 −4 −1 𝑎 −𝑏
Given that P = ( ), Q= ( ) and R = ( ),
0 2 8 9 −2𝑥 5𝑦

Calculate (i) P + Q (ii) Q – P (iii) 3P – 2Q (iv) R + P (v) Q – 2R

Solutions

When adding or subtracting matrices we work with the corresponding elements in


the matrices. Only matrices that have the same order can be added or subtracted.
So a (2 × 1) matrix can only be added or subtracted to a (2 × 1) matrix.

5 −3 −4 −1
(i) P + Q = ( ) + ( )
0 2 8 9

5 + −4 −3 + −1
. = ( )
0+8 2+9

1 −4
= ( )
8 11

−4 −1 5 −3
(ii) Q – P = ( ) – ( )
8 9 0 2

−4 − 5 −1 − −3
= ( )
8−0 9−2

−9 2
= ( )
8 7
5 −3 −4 −1
(iii) 3P – 2Q = 3( ) – 2( )
0 2 8 9

3 ×5 3 × −3 2 × −4 2 × −1
= ( ) – ( )
3 ×0 3 × 2 2 × 8 2 × 9

15 −9 −8 −2
= ( ) – ( )
0 6 16 18

15 − −8 −9 − −2
= ( )
0 − 16 6 − 18

23 −7
= ( )
−16 −2

𝑎 −𝑏 5 −3
(iv) R + P = ( ) + ( )
−2𝑥 5𝑦 0 2

𝑎+5 −𝑏 + −3
= ( )
−2𝑥 + 0 5𝑦 + 2

𝑎 + 5 −𝑏 − 3
= ( )
−2𝑥 5𝑦 + 2

−4 −1 𝑎 −𝑏
(v) Q – 2R = ( ) – 2( )
8 9 −2𝑥 5𝑦

−4 −1 2× 𝑎 2 × −𝑏
= ( )– ( )
8 9 2 × −2𝑥 2 × 5𝑦

−4 −1 2𝑎 −2𝑏
= ( )–( )
8 9 −4𝑥 10𝑦

−4 − 2𝑎 −1 − −2𝑏
= ( )
8 − 4𝑥 9 − 10𝑦

−4 − 2𝑎 −1 + 2𝑏
= ( )
8 − 4𝑥 9 − 10𝑦
ACTIVITY

7 0 10 −5 3𝑒 −4𝑚
Given that G = ( ), T= ( ) and Q = ( ),
−1 4 −6 3 −6𝑘 2𝑝

Calculate (i) T – G (ii) G + 2T (iii) 4G – T (iv) Q + T (v) G – 3Q

You might also like