Areas under the Standard Normal Curve from 0 toz *aule~3 Dan tatt., : o 7 Zz z=] 0 1 2 3 4 3 6 7 8 9 0.0 | 0000 0040 008001200160 | 019902390279 03190359 oa | 0308 cos3s 047s 08170587 | 0596 0636 067507140754 02 | 0793 9832-087! .0910 094k | 0987 40261064 «1103 03 | 7 a7 12561293, 3at |? 368.1406 7.144348 S17 oa | tse 1591 16281664. 1700 | 17361772, «18081844879 os | asis asso 988.2019 2084 | +2088 2123-2157 2190224 os | 2258 2201 23283872389 | 24222454 248625182649 o7 | 2880 2612 2642 2673. «2704 | 2734 «2764 «2794 2823” 2852 os | 2ss1 2910 293929672996 | 30233051. 307831063133 o9 | 3189 3186 321232383264 | 328933153340 33653389 ro | 3813 3438 34613453508 | 35313554 357735993621 ri | 3643 386s 368637083729] 37493770 «379038103830 12 | 389 3869 388839073925 | 3944 39623980 39974015 13 | 4032 4049 406s 40824099 | IIS 131147162 ATT 1a | 4192 4207 4222423625 | 4265, 427942924306 319 us | 4332 434s 435743704382 | 439444064 429A 16 | 44524463 4474 .adsa hays | 450545154525 4535845 17 | a6ss 45644573. 4582— 591 | 4599 46084616 6254633 1a | 4641 4649 465646644671" | 46784686” 4693 46994706 19 | as 479 a6.) 4732— 73 | 4744 475047564761 4767 20 | 4772. 477847834788 «4793 | 4798-4803 48084812487 zi | 4871. 4826 ©4830-4834) 4838 | 484248464850 4854487 22 | 4861 4864 ages 48714875. | 48784881484 48874890 23 | 4393 4996 = 489849014908 | 49064909 49114913496 24 | 4918 49204922925 4927 | 4929 403149324934 4936 25 | 4938 4940 494149434945 | 4946 gods 494949514952 26 | 4953 4955 4956 49874959 | 4960 4961 496249634964 27 | 4965 4966 * 4967 = 49684969 | 49704971 497249734974 2s | 4974 497549764977 4979 | 4978 49794979. 4980 498 29 | ost 4982-4982, 4983. aA | 4984 498s a9Rs 49864986, 30 |'4987 49874987 a8) 4988 | 4989 4989 4989 49904990 3a | 4990 4991 4991 4991-4992 | 4992. 499249924993 4993 32 | 4993 499349944994 agp | 4994 4994 499549954995 33 | a99s 490s 4995-4996, 4996 | 4996 4995 499649964997 34 | 4907 4907-4997 4997-4997 | 499749974997 49974998 35 | soe 4998-998, 49984998 | 4998 4998 499349984998 36 | 90s a998 «999 «49994999 | 4999 4999 499949994999 37 | “4909 4999 499949994999 | 49994999 499949994999 Ss | do99 4999 499949994999 | 499949994999 49994999 30 | sooo 5000. 5000 -.$000--5000 | 5000-5000 5000-5000 $000 Scanned with CamScannert, - Critical Values of the t-Distribution with v Degrees of Freedom Table — 4 v ] oso 030 0.20 os 0.10 0.05 0.025 001 0.005 1 OT 13% 19633078314 12.706 63.657 2 0617 1.061 1386 1.886 2.920 4.303 9.925 3] 0277 sss 0978 1.280.638 2.353 5.881 4] 0271 0569 09st 1190 1.533 2132 2.776 4.604 | 0267 05590920676. 2015 2.571 4.032 6] 02s 0553 0.906 34440943824 33.707 7 | 0263 0549-0896 LIAS. 89S_ 23652998 3.499 s} 0262 0546 0.889 1.108.397, 1.860 23062896355 9] 0261 0.543 0.88300, 4.383833, 2.362 2821 3.250 10 | 0260 ost2 0.879.093.3282 3.228 2768 3.69 11] 0260 0.540 0876 1.088.363 1.796 22OL IB 3.106 12] 0259 0.539 08730831386, 7822179 2.681385 13 | 0259 05370870 1.079 1380772460 2.650* 3.012 14 | 0258 0537 0.868 1.078345 TL 2S 2628 2.977 1s |.0258 0536 0.866.074 1.341 1753231 2947 16 | 0258 083s 086s tom), 1337 7462202583292 17 [025705340863 1.069 1333.40 202.567 2.898 is | 0257 0534 ogez 1.067.330.7384 201 2.878 19 | 0257 0833861 1.066 1.328 1.729.093 2.861 20] 0257 0.533.860.0632 Ls, 2.086 2.845 21 | 0257 0832859634323 at 2.080” sis 8a 22] 0256 0832 oss ost 1.321 171720742308 2.819 23 0256 0832 8s’ 1.060319 Td 2.069 2.500 2.807 24] 0256 ssl 0.887.059 318M 206s 2492 2.797 25] 0256. 0831 0.856 1.058.316. T0R 2.060 2485 2.787 26 | 0.256 0.531 0.856 1.058 L315 1.706 2.056 2.479 2.779 37 | 0256 ssl oss 057 34.703 2.052 2.473 laze S59 ss toss 1313” moto? 2 08s hss 131 1699 2045 2.462 30 | 0256 08300888 oss 310697227 3 ° ae ae 1.050 1.303 1.684 2.021 2 wo] ozs tae OS tots a96 ert 2000 2.660 se foas one SS ea ss san 2617 36 1.282 1.645 1.960 2.576 Note : The above table gives the values of for one-tail test (either left-tail or right-tail test). If we have to find the value of for a two-tal test at a level, we take the value of c/2 for a. For example, the value of rat 5% level with 9 df is 1. = 2.2 D swith 11 AL 8 tong =3.106 foos = 2.262 and the value of at 1% level Scanned with CamScannerTable - Critical Values of the F-Distribution om SF Values of Fy os (Vj. V9) v, vy 1 2 y 4 6 3 8 9 1 | tors 99s 21s.7 aa 289.2 234023682389 24S 2 Ist 19.00 19.6 19.25 9301933935937 938 3 Was 9S5 9.2828 89488 8S 4 7M 6946596396266 6.09608 600 s sot 879 S459 5054954888277 6 599 Sk 4764534394282 .0 7 S59 474435 gz 3973.87. 3733.68 s S32 446 4073.88 3.69.88 344339, ° S12 426 3863.63 383.7 32338 10 496 410313833 3.2 3073.02 u 48398 359336320 3.09 30129520 2 475389349326 33.0029) 28s ko 13, so 381 34L 3830329228 4 46000 378 3343 29628526 270265 15 454 368 3.29306 2909 ames 259 16 44936) 32431 2S aks st " 445359 320296 28120255 18 443856293 2772652828) 19 438352 32902263 ask ge 20 435 349302872029 2 432 347 307,288 26857 ange “2 4300 348305282265 28s ts gy 2 4280342303 2802283 asaya 2 4260 340 301 a8 nas na 230 25 4233929926260" 2b 8 26 42303728 . 2aT a9 a2 aa n 421335296 28 ast nasa as 28 42000 338395 45236 229k 2» ais 3a3 2939 ass nas as age aan 30 417 33229226923 nas aya 40 408 pee 26t as 23k at 60 400 MS 26283237 120 3ez 307268245 229 ata age ne 2 2a 30) aaa ato ag Scanned with CamScanner(Continued) Critical Values of the F-Distribution Values of Fy 95 (Vj. V9) wi vy 10 + 12 15 20 24 30 40 60120 © 1 [2419 243.9 245.9240 249.1 250.1 25K 252.2 2533 2843 2 19.40 19.41 1943 19.45 19.45 19.46 19.47 19.48 19.49 19.50 3 8.79 S745" 8.70 8.66 864 862859 BST SSS 4 5.96 391 586 5.80 S17) 31531 5.72, 5.6011) $6611 5.62 8 474 4.68 462 4.56 453° 450 4460443440436 6 4.06 4.00 3943.87 38438100 3.773.748 3.703.67 7 3.64 357 381. 3.44 341338334330 3.27 3.23 8 335 3.28 3223s 3.12. 308 3.04 3.01297 2.93 ° 34 307 3.012.904 290. 286 283 2.792752 10 2.98 291 2852.77 274-270 2.66 2.62258 2.54 u 285 2.19 22 2.65 26r 2872.73 2492.45 2.40 2 275 2.69 2622.54 251247243238 2342.30 13 267 2.60 2532.46 242 238 234-230-225 2.2 4 2.60 233 246 2.39 2350 2312272222821. 15 254 248 240233 229° 225° 22000216 2.07, 16 249 242" 235 2.28 224 219° 21S 2M 2.06 2.0 v 245 2.38 231-233 219-217 2.10206 2.01 1.96 18 241 234 227° 2.19 215 211 20620297 1.92 19 2.38 231 22326 241-207. 203198193 20 235 2.28 220° 212 208-208-199, 1.951.908 2 232 225 2182.10 205 201 969287 2 2.30 223 2as 2.07 2031.98.94" 89 84.78 23 2.21. 220 2132.05 201 196 9861.76 24 2.25 218 2412.03 198 19489 9H 79 25 224 2.16 2092.01 19604928782 T 26 22 25 2071.9 195190185180) 1.69 27 2.20 213 2061.97 193188 887973167 2 219 212 2080 96 8) 18782 * LS 2 2s 2.10 2031.94 190 1851817570. 30 2.16 2.09 2011.93, 1890 18417975 6R 1.62 40 2.08 2.00 19218 179746964 SB LST 60 1.99 192 184175 1700 165-1593 LAT 139 120 191 1.83 17s 1.66 i = 1.83 17s 1677 152 146039222 1.00 Scanned with CamScanner(Continued) Critical Values of the F-Distribution Values of Fy) (Vp ¥2) Po vy 1 2 4 $ 6 7 1} aosz 4909.8 403525 876458595928 SBE 6022 2 980 99.00 99.17 99.25 99,30 9983 99.96 99.37 99.39 3 34.12 30.82 29.46 28.71 28.24 27.91 27.67 27.49 27,35 4 21.20 18.00 16.69 15.98 15.82 15.21 14.98 14.80 14.66 s 16.26 13.27 12.06 11.39 10.97 10.67 10.46 10.29 10.16 6 13751092978 BS. BAT B26 B.D 7.98 7 12.25 9.55 8.45 7.85 7.46 7:19 6.99 6.84 6.72 8 1126 8.65 7.59 7.01 6.63 6,37 6.18 6.03 5.91 9 10.56 8.02 6.99 642 6.06 5.80 5.61 547 5.35. 10 10.04 7156 6.55 5.99 5.64 5.39 5.20 5.06 4.94 " 96 72h 867832 5.07 $89 4H 2 933 69S 5.95 Sid] 506 RLS 439 3 90767057852, 48430 “ 886 GSLs S56 S04 6G 4B 43 is |. 868 6365424894642”. 4.00 3.89 16 853623 529477420403 38] 8 7 8.40 6 5.18 4.67 4.34 4.10 “3.93 3.79 3.68 18 829 GOL 59 ASB 425 OTT 8.60 19 818 593 SOL 4804739837333. 20 B10 S85 4944433837035 3G a 8.02 ‘$5.78 4.87 437 4.04 3.81 3.64 351 3.40 22 7.95 5.72 4,82 431 3.99 3.76 3.59 3.45 3.35 23 788 5.66 4.76 4.26 3.94- 37 3.54 341 3.30 24 18 S61 4422390 3.67 350336 3.26 as 11 $87 468 AIS 3KS 3S 3332 3.2 2% 7 S53 4644S 382359 3a a 168 549460378356 3393.26 28 164 SAS 48740738383 363). 29 760 S42 48H 08573350333 3203.09 40 186539481 023.703.473.300? 40 731 sas 431 3.83 331 3.29 312 2.99289 60 08 49B AB 36S 338 329s aga 120 68 4793.95 3487206 329 dgy 86 © 663 $61 378332302 gy Scanned with CamScanner(Continued) Critical Values of the F-Distribution Values of Fy 9, (Vs 2) ‘ 10 2 1s 20 2 30 40 60 120 o 1 | e0se 6106 6187 6209 6235 6261.-=«6287— 631363396366 gody 9942 99A3-«ODAS—«.AG_:— «AT. «99.KT_ 99.48 99.49 99.50 ] spas 27082687 2669 26.60.2650, 264126322622 26.13 4 143s 1437 14.20 14.02 13.93 13.84 13.75 13.65 13.56 13.46 s 10.08 9.89 9.72 9.55 9.47 9.38 9.29 920 9.1 9.02 6 787 1 756 7.40 131723, TAS 7.06697, 6.88 7 682 a7 6316.16 607-599 S91 S82) S74 5.65 8 ssl 5.67 552 5.36 528 5:20 «S12 5.03495 4.86 9 526 sal 496 481 473 465 «4ST 448 4.40431 10 485 47 456 441 4330 «425417408 4.00 3.91 n 454 440 42s 4.10 402-394-386 3.78 3.69 3.60 2 430 4.16 401 3.86 378 «3.703.623.5436, 13 4.10 3.96 382 3.66 359° 351 4383.38 32S LIT “4 394 3.80 366 3.51 343335 3.27318 3.093.00 1s 3.80 “3.67 3.52 337 3.29 3.21 3.13 3.05 2.96 2.87 16 3.69 355 aal 3.26 318310302, 2.93 2B 2.75 7 359 3.46 3313.16 308° 3002.92, 2832S. 2.65 18 3.51 337 3233.08 300. 292 288 «275266 2.57 19 3.43 330 31S 3.00 292-284 2.76 = 267258249 20 337 3.23 3092.94 286-278 2.69 61282242 2 3.31 37 3.03 * 2.88 2.80 2.72 2.64 2.55 2.46 236 2 3.26 312 298 2.83 275267258 28024023 23 321 307 2932.78 270-262-254 245238 2.26 Pa 3a7 3.03 289.27 266. 2.88249 24D 232.2 25 33 299 2852.70 26.2545 2362.27 IT 26 309-296 .66 ass 250° 24223322323 n 306 293 278-263 ass 247238229220 210 28 303, 290 2152.60 252 244235226 272.08 2» 3.00287 273287 292d 233223 22.03 30 2.98 2.84 2.70 2.55. 247 239 2.30 2.21 2a 201 40 2.80 2.66 2.52 237 229 2.20 241 2.02 1.92 1,80 60 2.63 2.30 235 2.20 212 2.03 194 1.84 1.73 10 10 |. 287 238 2192.03 19s 1864.76 6H— SNS oo 232 2B 2.04 1.88 1.79 1.70 139 147 132 1.00 Scanned with CamScannerTable -6 X¢ ~ Critical Values of the Chi-squared Distribution with v Degrees of Freedom vy} 030 0.25) 0.20 0.10 0.05 0.025 0.02 0.01 0.005 O.001 1 1.074 1.323 1.642 2.706 3841 5.024 5.412 6.635 7.879 10,827 2 | 2408 27733219 aos S991 73787824 9.210 10.597 L314 SJ R88 tok aod2 6251 78S 934k 9.837 11.3858 12.838 62g 2] A878 sags s.989 7.779 9d 11.143 11.668 13.277 14.860 L840 $ 6.064 6.626 9.236 11.070 12.832 13.388 15.086 = 16.750 20.517 6 | 7231 r 10.645. 12.592 14.449 15033 16.812 18.548 22.457 7 | 8383 9803 12.017 14.067 16.013 16.622. 18.475 20.278 24.392 8 9.524 11.030 13.362 15.507, 17.535 © 18.168 20.090 21.955 26.125 9 | 10.656 12.242, 14.684 16.919 19,023 19.679 21.666 = 23.589 27.877 10 | 11.781 13442 15,987 18.307 20.483 21.161, 23.209 25.188 29.588 1h | 12899 13.701 14.631 17.375 19.675. 21.920 22.618 24.725 26.757 31.268 12 | 14.011 14.845 15.812 18.549 21.026. 23.337 24.084 26.217 28.300 32.909 13] 15119 15.984 16.985 19.812. 22.362 24.736 25.472 27.688 29.819 34.528 14°] 16222 17.117 A8.ASL_— 21.064 23.685 26.119 26873 29.141 31319 36.123 15 [17322 18245 19.311 22,307 24.996 27.488” 28259 30878 32.801 37.697 16 | 18.418 19.369 20.465 23.542 26.296 28.845 29.633 32.000 34.267 39.282 17 | 19.511 20,489 21.615, 24.769, 27.587 * 30.191 30.995 33.409 35.718 40.790 18 | 20.601 21.605 22.760 25.989 28.869 31.526 32.346 34.805 37186 42312 19 | 21.689 22.718 23,900 27.204 30.144 32.852 33.687 36.191 38582 43.820 20 | 22.775 23.828 25.038 28412-31410 34.170 35.020 37.566 39.997 45.315 21 | 23.858 24.935 26.171 29.615 32.671 35.479 36343 «38.932 41.401 46.707 22 | 24.939 26039 27.301 30.813 33.924 36.781 37.659 40.289 42.796 48.268 23° | 26.018 = 27.141 28.429, 32.007 35.172 38.076 38.968 41.638 44.181 49.728 24 | 27.096 28.241 29.553 33.196 36.415 39.364 40.270 42.980 45.558 51.179 25 | 28.172 29339 30.675 34.382—«37.652 40.646 41.565 44314 46.028 52.620 26 | 29246 30.434 31.795 35.563 38.885. 41.923 42.856 45.642 48.290 54.052 27 | 30319 31.528 32.912 36.741 40.113 43.194. 44.140 46.963 49.645. 55.476 2g | 31391 34.027 37.916 41.337 44.461 45.419 48.278. 50,993 56,893 29 | 32.461 35.139 39.087 42.557 45.772 46.693 49.588 52.336 58.302 30 | 33.530 34.800 36.250 40.256, 43.773 46.979 47.962 $0.892 53.672 59.703 Scanned with CamScanner