4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES

SOLUTION:
CHAPTER 1:BUYING
AND SELLING
LESSON 1: MARKUP, MARKON,
MARKDOWN EXAMPLE 5:
A mathematics book cost the store manager 161 pesos and he
EXAMPLE 1: marked it up another 89 pesos. What was the selling price of the
Frank sells a shirt for 200 pesos with a markup of 40 pesos. What book?
is the cost of producing one shirt? SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 2:
A stuffed toy costs 250 pesos to manufacture and is marked up
60% based on cost. What is the retail price of the stuffed toy? EXAMPLE 6:
SOLUTION: ASUS Electronics sells a laptop for 44,268. If the markup rate is
19%. FInd the cost.
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 3:
What is the percent of markup of Dennis’ shirt based on cost if he
sells it for 500 pesos with a markup of 100%?
SOLUTION: EXAMPLE 7:
Decathlon Inc. sells home gymnasium packages for 175,000 and
maintained a markup of 37% on selling price. What is the
markup value?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 4:
Grace got a bag at a cost of 2,400 pesos and wants to sell it at EXAMPLE 8:
40% markup based on retail price. How much will she sell the A laser printer costing 8,750 is sold for 12,250. Find the markup
bag for? rate based on cost.
4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES

SOLUTION: EXAMPLE 12:

A bicycle is originally sold for 5,600 pesos and is marked down to
sell for 3,920 pesos. Determine the markdown and the markdown
rate.
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 13:
How much markdown percentage was applied to a jacket whose
EXAMPLE 9: previous price was 790 pesos is now sold for 650 pesos.
A laser printer costing 8,750 is sold for 12,250. Find the gross SOLUTION:
margin ratio
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 14:
EXAMPLE 10: Find the previous selling price of a shirt which now sells at 300
If a product with a selling price of 62.50 pesos has a markup, pesos which was given a markdown percentage of 25%.
then we have as follows: SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 15:
After the Christmas season, Sharon is considering reducing the
price of a gift wrapper. Her original price is 30 pesos.
a. If she wants to decrease its price to 21 pesos, what is the
markdown rate?
b. Suppose Sharon wishes to calculate the wrapper price
base on the markdown rate of just 20%, how much does
her gift wrapper cost?
EXAMPLE 11: SOLUTION:
A hoodie that has a list of 800 pesos is on sale for 35% off. What
is the sale price of the hoodie?
SOLUTION:
4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES

EXAMPLE 16:
Find the markdown rate if the DVD was originally priced at 290 LESSON 2: TRADE DISCOUNT AND
pesos and was sold at 240 pesos. DISCOUNT SERIES
SOLUTION:
EXAMPLE 1:
Alex purchases 8 pairs of denim jeans at a discount of 25%, which
are listed at a price of 1,200 pesos per piece. How much does each
denim jeans cost?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 17:
What are the markdown and the sale price on an antique jar that
has a regular price of 35,800 and is on sale for 26% off the regular EXAMPLE 2:
price? Dominic saved a total of 1,200 pesos after a 15% discount was
SOLUTION: given to all purchases, how much was her total purchase before
the discount?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 18:
An old LED TV model which has marked down at 20% is on sale EXAMPLE 3:
for 70,265 pesos. Find the regular price. An appliance store offers a refrigerator at 14,000 pesos with a
SOLUTION: discount of 25%. To attract further buyers, the same refrigerator
was given a 15% discount. How much does the refrigerator cost?
(discount series)
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 19:
EXAMPLE 4:
Sofia has some shirts in her boutique that has not been sold. She
An appliance store offers a refrigerator at 14,000 pesos with a
decides to mark them down from 850 to 552.50. What percentage
discount of 25%. To attract further buyers, the same refrigerator
did she mark them down?
was given a 15% discount. How much does the refrigerator cost?
SOLUTION:
(single discount rate)
SOLUTION:
4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES

EXAMPLE 2:
LESSON 3: COST, REVENUE AND Calculate the breakeven point in sales units and pesos if the unit
BREAK-EVEN POINT price of a product is 20 pesos, variable cost per unit is 8 pesos,
and total fixed cost os 12,000 pesos.
EXAMPLE 1: SOLUTION:
The ABCD Sofa Company produces sofa chairs. The fixed
monthly cost of production is 470,000 pesos and the variable cost
per sofa is 6,200 pesos. The sofa chairs sell for 10, 500 pesos per
piece. For a monthly volume of 140 sofa chairs, determine the
total cost, total revenue and total profit. What are the break-even
point and break-even sales of the company?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 3:
Calculate the breakeven point is sales units and pesos if the unit
price of a product is 25 pesos, variable cost per unit is 16 pesos,
and total fixed cost is 18,000 pesos.
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 4:
What is the break-even point in sales units and in pesos if the unit
price of a product is 40 pesos, variable cost per unit is 30 pesos,
and total fixed cost is 40,000 pesos.
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 5:
A company’s variable cost per item is 7 pesos and total fixed cost
at 10,000 pesos. If the company sold a total units yielding a total
sales of 150,000 pesos which is break-even, find the break-even
point?
SOLUTION:
4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES

EXAMPLE 6: EXAMPLE 9:
A certain type of product sells for 100 pesos per piece, each costs A small business sells only one product. Last month, they
75 pesos to make, and with a total fixed cost of 25,000 pesos. At recorded 20,000 pesos in sales after selling 500 units of their
least how many of this item should be sold to avoid break-even? product. Determine if this was a break-even for total fixed cost of
SOLUTION: 5,000 pesos and variable cost per unit half the selling price. How
much was the loss or gain last month if there were no break-even?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 7:
If a certain type of product sells for 250 pesos per piece, each
costs 175 pesos to make, and with a total fixed cost of 35,000
pesos, at least how many items should be sold to avoid
break-even?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 10:
A company recorded a total sales of 200,000 for one of their
products. Of this total sales, 60% was the total fixed cost, and the
rest was the variable cost. Was this a break-even? Justify your
answer.
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 8:
A business sold 100 units of its product with variable cost of 30
pesos each and 2,000 pesos in total fixed cost. If this is a
break-even, at least how much markup rate should be applied if
the business wants at least 6,000 pesos in revenue next time?
SOLUTION:
4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES

EXAMPLE 4:
LESSON 4: DOWN PAYMENT, GROSS Eldrian wants to buy a car amounting to 1,100,000 pesos. The
BALANCE, CURRENT INCREASE agreement with the company is that the customer should submit
all the requirements with a downpayment before taking home the
BALANCE AND COMMISSIONS car. Eldrian wants to pay the company and get his money from the
EXAMPLE 1: bank. His gross balance is 2,000,000 pesos. How much will be his
Mrs. Hudson wanted a car that needs an 18% downpayment. The gross balance after paying the down payment?
car that she wanted costs 3,500,000 pesos. How much should she SOLUTION:
pay?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 5:
The due for this month’s credit card is 2,500 pesos, and the bank
EXAMPLE 2: requires a payment of 5% minimum for the total amount due. If
Eldrian wants to buy a car amounting to 1,100,000 pesos. The the card holder only pays the minimum 5% he/she will get an
agreement with the company is that the customer should submit additional penalty of 2%. How much will be the increased
all the requirements with a downpayment before taking home the balance?
car. How much is the down payment and the remaining balance if SOLUTION:
Eldriam will give a 30% down payment?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 6:
The total current amount due to a purchase made by using a
credit card is 55,286.50 pesos. Based on the agreement, the
minimum required payment is 7.5% of the total amount due. If
the client pays only the minimum required payment, a charge of
3% of the remaining balance will be carried on to the next bill. If
there are no purchases made for the next three months and a
charge of 3% is added every billing period, what is the required
EXAMPLE 3: monthly bill for the next three months?
Assuming that you have a total of 30,000 pesos on your card and SOLUTION:
you deposited this day a check that amounts to 10,000 pesos.
Your bank passbook currently contains 40,000 pesos but you can
only withdraw 30,000 pesos until tomorrow. This is your gross
balance because your check has not been cleared yet.
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 7:
Jaycee is a real estate agent and earns a 3% commission on each
home sale. If he sells a home for 2,400,000 pesos, how much
commission did he receive?
4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES

SOLUTION: furniture last March. Unfortunately, the customer who bought a

dining table set worth 28,000 pesos returned it because of some
defects. How much commission will Salve give to her employee
who made that sale?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 8:
Gianna is paid a weekly salary of 2,800 pesos plus a commission
of 4% of the profits made by the company on the products she
sells. How much does Gianna earn in a week during which an
85,000 pesos profit was generated by her sales?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 12:
Mr. Chan is working in a company with a minimum salary wage
of 12,000 pesos monthly. On top of his salary, he is expected to
sell appliances worth 6,000 pesos. He can get an additional 3%
commission when he exceeds his expected sales. He fortunately
made a sale worth 13,700 pesos. How much will be his gross pay?
EXAMPLE 9: SOLUTION:
If a shoe salesman is paid a 250 pesos commission on sale of
2,500 pesos, what is his commission rate?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 10:
Nathaniel works in a company with a commission only basis.
His boss gave him a 3.2% commission on his total monthly sales
without a base salary. Fortunately, Nathaniel made a sale of
180,000 pesos for the month of July. How much will be his
commission? EXAMPLE 13:
SOLUTION: Patricia receives a basic monthly salary of 13,000 pesos. As a
saleslady, she must reach 25,000 worth of items per month.
Aside from the basic salary, she is entitled to a 6.5% commission
in excess of the monthly quota. If Patricia sold 44,000 pesos
worth of items in a month, what is her total earnings for the
month?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 11:
Salve started a company with a commission only basis of 2.8%.
One of her employees made a sale of 132,000 pesos worth of
4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES

EXAMPLE 14: EXAMPLE 17:

Rolando is an agent with a commission of 3% on his first 150,000 Mr. Watson works in a cell phone shop that offers him 3%
pesos of sales during the month and 2.5% commission on sales commission on every sale he can make. He made a sale worth
above 150,000 pesos. He happened to have a sale of 187,000 80,000 pesos that can be paid in an installment of 10,000 pesos
pesos. How much will he earn? per month for 8 months. How much will be his monthly
SOLUTION: commission? How much is the total commission he can get?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 15: EXAMPLE 18:

Loretta has a monthly commission of 2.6% on all her total sales. Assume that you, as a salesman, was able to sell an expensive
The company gives her a 1% commission bonus if she reaches a branded bag worth 450,000 pesos and is paid on a monthly
minimum of 35,000 pesos, another 1% if she also exceeds the installment basis of 50,000 pesos for 9 months. The commission
minimum of 75,000 pesos. How much will be her total earnings if rate given to you is 3%. How much commission do you receive?
she happened to reach sales of 98,000 pesos. SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 19:
Maria, a computer salesperson is paid a retainer’s fee of 5,350
EXAMPLE 16: pesos per week, plus a commission of 8% of the profits made by
Migo is earning 18,000 pesos as his basic salary and was offered the company on computers that she sells. How much does she
a compensation package where he gets 10% commission on the earn in a week if 15,000 pesos profit was generated by her sales?
first 30,000 sales and 12% for sales in excess of 30,000 pesos. In SOLUTION:
his first month, his sales have a total of 45,000 pesos. How much
was his tidal commission and total gross pay?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 20:
Sonia works as a salesperson. She earns 5% commission on the
first 10,000 pesos of sales, and 8% on any sale above 10,000
pesos for the week. How much did Sonia earn in commission in a
week if her sales reached 25,000 pesos?
4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES

SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 2:
A lending company offers a simple interest rate of 7.25% per
annum. How much is the interest in 3 years if a client loans
250,000 pesos for business purposes?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 21:
Juan works as a salesman in an electronics shop. He earns a
weekly salary of 4,350 pesos plus a 3% commission on sales over
20,000 pesos per week. If Juan’s sales in one week reaches 35,000
pesos, how much is his gross pay for the week?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 3:
Rose invested 35,000 pesos in a business with an agreement that
she will earn a 10% simple interest per year. How much does she
earn in 9 months?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 22:
A salesperson received 2,925 pesos as a commission for selling
products worth 58,500 pesos. What is the rate of commission?
SOLUTION:

LESSON 5: SIMPLE INTEREST AND

COMPOUND INTEREST
EXAMPLE 1:
Express the following periods in terms of years.
TIME TERM IN YEARS

73 days

120 days

6 months

10 months EXAMPLE 4:
Enzo works in a company that offers a 15% commission for
15 weeks
every sold item. In one month, he was able to sell items worth
36 weeks 358,000 pesos. He then decided to invest the commission he
received to a lending company that offers 2.75% simple interest
4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES

per annum. If he decided to withdraw all the amounts in nine

months, how much is the total money he received? LESSON 7: MORTGAGE AND
SOLUTION: AMORTIZATION
EXAMPLE 1:
You wish to purchase a land worth 750,000 pesos and the seller
requires 20% down payment. Then you will loan the balance from
a bank that charges 6% annual interest rate to be paid for 1 year.
a. How much is the downpayment?
b. How much is the mortgage loan?
c. How much is the monthly amortization?
d. How much is the total interest?
e. Create an amortization table.
EXAMPLE 5:
A client invested his 50,000 pesos to a business that offers a SOLUTION:
simple interest rate. If his client gained a 2,500 pesos interest in 2
years, what is the interest rate?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 6:
Molly Hooper borrowed money worth 36,000 pesos per annum
with an interest rate of 12% per month for 6 months. How much
is the interest? How much will be the maturity value?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 7:
How much will you invest now to have a maturity value of 90,000
pesos in 4 years if it will be invested at 8% simple interest?
SOLUTION:
4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES

SOLUTION:
CHAPTER 2: SALARY
AND WAGES
LESSON 4: SALARY, WAGE, INCOME
AND BENEFIT
EXAMPLE 1: EXAMPLE 5:
A university assistant professor is usually given a monthly A minimum wage earner in Metro Manila is paid 537 pesos for an
salary. If his salary is 40,000 pesos per month, how much is his 8-hour workday. What is his hourly wage?
annual salary? SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 6:
A fast food service crew is paid per hour. If he is paid an average
EXAMPLE 2: wage of 77.43 pesos per hour, how much will he get if he works
A clerk earns a salary of 20,000 pesos per month. Assuming that for 6 hours and 6 days a week for 4 weeks?
he works 8 hours a day for a 20-day work month, how much does SOLUTION:
he get per day?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 7:
Mr. Larry served company A for 22 years with an average daily
EXAMPLE 3: rate of 467.35 pesos. He plans to retire and avail his retirement
A math tutor who is paid 500 pesos per hour is earning a wage. benefit. How much is the minimum retirement pay that he will
How much does he earn for an 8-hour week work? receive?
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 8:
EXAMPLE 4: Mr. Torres plans to retire and utilize his retirement benefit. How
A school cleaner is paid per hour. If he is paid an average wage of much is the minimum retirement pay that he will receive by
55 pesos per hour, how much will he get if he works 8 hours and 5 serving the company for 15 years with an average daily rate of
days a week for 4 weeks? 481.23 pesos?
4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES

SOLUTION: EXAMPLE 12:

Suppose Company A offers you a monthly salary of 30,000
pesos. However, the workplace is far from where you live; so
you are planning to rent a house near it. The rent for the house
that you are considering costs 5,000 pesos a month. On the other
hand, Company B offers you a monthly salary of only 27,000
pesos but provides free accommodation near your workplace.
Based on the given information, which company is offering a
better compensation and benefits package?
EXAMPLE 9: SOLUTION:
Mr, Buenaventura receives an annual salary of 240,000 pesos. At
the end of the year, what would be his 13th month pay?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 10: EXAMPLE 13:

Mr. Abiog’s daily rate is 765 pesos and he has a sick leave Shy works at an accounting firm earning a minimum wage of 537
benefit of 30 working days. Suppose the sick leave benefit is pesos daily. Determine her regular hourly rate, hourly rate, and
convertible to cash and he has incurred 7 absences only (all due overtime rate if she reports to work on: an ordinary day, a rest day,
to sickness). How much sick leave conversion amount will he a special holiday, a regular holiday, a special holiday during heer
get? rest day, and a regular holiday during her rest day.
SOLUTION: SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 11:
Mrs. Mapili, an employee of Natalia and Franco Insurance
Company is pregnant with a cesarean delivery status. She is a
member of SSS and wants to avail maternity leave. She earns an
average monthly income of 21,371.12 pesos How much will be
her income, in the entire period of the leave?
SOLUTION:
4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES

EXAMPLE 14:
A company secretary gets a basic monthly salary of 18,000 pesos
and a transportation allowance of 2,000 pesos per month. Suppose
this employee has to pay 4,500 pesos for PhilHealth, 3,600 pesos
for Pag-IBIG, and 14,400 pesos for SSS every year. How much is
the employee’s annual gross and net income?
SOLUTION:

EXAMPLE 15:
Jose, a minimum wage earner, is paid 481 pesos for an 8-hour
workday. If he works for 20 days in one month and suppose his
deductions per month are 100 pesos for Pag-IBIG, 200 pesos for
PhilHealth, and 370 pesos for SSS, how much is his monthly
gross and net income?
SOLUTION:
4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES

CHAPTER 1: BUYING AND SELLING

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4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES
4TH QUARTER: BUSMATH ADELMITA, APELACIO ABM 11 - GATES