History of media art

DR.RASHA GOUHAR

2023-2024
Contemporary graphic art
Contemporary graphic art :

With the advent of the second half of the twentieth century and after the Second
World War, graphic art began It is flourishing again after its flourishing a few
centuries earlier at the hands of many artists such as(Lautrec, Goya), where a self-
contained shroud appeared that does not serve other purposes as in the past It was
either an attachment to decorate books and explain them. With all the changes
taking place in society, which included graphic art in all its means and methods It
was printed, as many artists joined this field to ensure the spread and sale of their
work, for ease Acquisition of it as a price, size and speed of fame, thus many
exhibitions dealing with this art were founded and appeared Specialized workshops
that sponsor and develop this technical field.
Graphic art is reproducible and has entered many fields (advertisements, signs, and
interfaces).Shops, streets and gardens (their aim is to communicate with the
recipient by activating the image with speech This art was distinguished from all
other plastic arts in its production, and its unique nature allowed it to spread To the
various sites, such as the press, magazines, publications, money and books for all
people in the world Stamps, posters, advertising, film industry, animation and video
games. like that The poster, which was one of the main means of mass
communication during the First World War and from The artists who are famous for
the poster are the artist (Picasso), who presented themes derived from the
environment popular) bullfighting rings and pigeons that were singled out for the
1950 Peace Conference which contract in the United Nations.
The most famous pioneer of graphic art :
(Artist - Andy Warhol) (Portrait - 1966) Material: Silk Screen

The figure consists of nine squares of equal size, representing a self-portrait that has been
repeated And equal in area and number vertically and horizontally, it was taken from the red
color and its gradations astray. The shapes were taken from the yellowish green and the den
as a background for some of the others, while the lighting areas were included On the color
blue and green, and we find that the artist in this work has designed the shape and then
copied it in colors Color different from colors It is different, here it depends on color
reduction, cutting areas, and then giving them values Luster: Blue, red and green were used
instead of the base image, as the contrasting color values are high For skin color, red and
orange substitute for hair color and use color values for eyes and mouth, these are
Treatments in color transformed the image into a work of art with an integrated color
structure and this formal and color repetition Intensify the design and semantic structure to
be coherent as form, space and space despite the simplicity of distribution.
And we find that most of the artist's works were characterized by color
dealing according to the contrast technique to make the copies different from
In terms of color, as for the shape, it is fixed, and the nature of the
consumer society has made it Commercial advertising is a propaganda tool,
and (Warhol) showed special stylistic ingenuity in choosing The commercial
work depended on the popularity and advertisements, as he had the ability to
present himself through the vocabulary To exploit the art market through
these repetitions and the use of more than one color, which gives an
impression Scene decoration. This image and symbols formed the material
for his artistic subjects. There is another form Equal squares used by the
artist Warhol in the same way, which is to divide the entire figure into a
process Formal repetition as a type of advertising in which cinematic
characters were used Shiny like Marilyn Monroe (as shown in the figure)
The same way he knew that based on More than one print of Marilyn's picture
followed Color reduction and cutting areas using the same color contrast,
sometimes using pink for the skin And orange as hair color, green spaces,
and other color values for the mouth and eyes, thus becoming a work of art
Integrated and advertising telecast, which contributed greatly to the
acceptance of Marilyn's image in its new format It presents a new style of
work based on color diversity and repetition that is far from boring and
receptive More from the point of view of the recipient who got along with the
artist and his productions.
( Artist - Victor Vasarely - 1974 ) :
The formal structure is formed in the form of a square distributed over its
area by a group of circles of varying sizes As a whole, they formed the shape
of the ball, as if it was rushing forward towards the viewer, and the blue
color prevailed With its gradations, Vasarely used abstract geometry and
reductionism to produce this visual composition. The circles here have
differed in their measurements, as they expand in some aspects and recede
in others. These are transformations Color and shape affect the retina of the
eye, causing optical illusions, as if the shape is pushed outward Indicating
movement and vibration, this disparity between sizes and colors and these
ripples and vibrations.
And the rule here is for the shape of the circle from the visual in terms of
formation in building the artistic system to embody visual illusion and its
impact on the recipient. The geometric shapes Contiguous and repetitive
unity has been achieved as it is linked to harmony and color harmony in a
balance within a space In the work, the artist Vasarely used a modern
technique that has become a language today The era far from simulating
reality is a new visual language. One of the first subjects implemented by the
artist Vasarely in this way are zebras.1930)
He drew it in different movements and in black and white, relying on it as a
direction to geometry, which amazed the recipients, and it focused on the
sensory perception that suggests the illusion resulting from Movement and
interaction between color and design relationships that reveal visual
vibrations Lines and circles produce an optical illusion which gives an
illusion This work is dependent on movement as a result of a discrepancy
Contrasting color values such as yellow, red and orange, and from concave
and convex surfaces.
Vasarelli used contrasting colors, red with yellow and orange overlapping
with each other Backing the shape of zebras on a black ground, it has been
able to send a message that what we see movement of the painting It begins
to oscillate suggestively as a result of the overlapping of shapes with colors
and spaces, and by using these different wave lines, Motion illusion is used
The colors have caused light changes effectively And the colors are more
vibrant to enhance the movement, and we notice the artist's influence on
surrealism and the artist (Dali).through a set of configurations that he
transformed into optical illusion structures. Since the eye does not
comprehend viewing With fine lines intertwined with its order and colors, this
reflects the feeling of two contrasting colors at the same time By movement
through the difference in the sizes of these shapes and lines, it is a kinetic
geometric abstraction, and he has become accustomed The artist to address
and repeat such themes, but in black and white.
Thank you