Course: Legal

Technician English
TEACHER: MAG. KAREN Y. ESCALERA VICENTE
 UNIT: Being a lawyer

Lesson 08: Abilities of a Lawyer

Instructions and recommendations
• The videoconference is an hour or sixty
minutes.

• Don´t use the microphone.

• Don´t use cellphone during class

• Pay attention and participe during class

• If anyone has a question, you can raise

your hand at the end of class.
Read the following clues and tell the correct JOB:
What is the job?

Clues: Hairdresser
• You must work inside.
• You have to like talking to people.
• You have to stand up for a long
time.
• You must be good with your hands.
• You have to sweep the floor.
• You have to cut other people’s hair.
Read the following clues and tell the correct JOB:
What is the job?

Clues:
• You must supportive. Teacher
• You have to speak to many
people.
• You mustn’t be late for work.
• You have to be well prepared.
• You must be knowledgeable.
• You have to work in a classroom.
Let’s go to ….
What abilities does a lawyer have?
 What abilities does a lawyer have?

Oral Expression Written Comprehension

Judgement Perseverance

Information Ordering Analytical skills

People skills
Research skills
Oral Comprehension

Problem Sensitivity
Creativity
Think and answer
Mr. Brown makes a contract for Mr. Yellow
to do repair work to his living room, which
is to be finished by June
Mr. Yellow comes down with a bad case of
the flu and is delayed in finishing the work.
He is able to complete the work on June
Mr. Brown sues Mr. Yellow for breach of
contract.
• A. In Mr. Brown’s favour, because Mr.
Yellow’s delay was a material breach of
the contract.
• B. In Mr. Yellow’s favour, because the
breach was minor
if you want to buy an item, a contract can
make sure that the seller gives you the item
after you have provided payment. Or, if you
are the seller, the contract can guarantee you
get paid for the item.
Read the following contract
Modal verbs
They are auxiliary verbs that changes or helps another verb. A modal verb
can express ability, necessity, condition, permission. It gives additional
information about the main verb that follows it. A modal verb helps the
main verb to express mood of the subject and at the same time it can
indicate possibility, persuasión, ability, etc
How do we use modals?
Modal
subject
verb
verb

He can speak in public.

Don’t add anything to it. You can’t add s, ed, or ing. S.

There is no “do / does” in the question.
There is no “don’t / doesn’t” in the negative.
Modal verbs
• They can speak English. • Can: ability, possibility.
• Joe could speak Spanish when he was • Could: possibility, ability in
young. past.
• We may go to the college tomorrow. • May: possibility, probability.
• My sister might come home for my • Might: suggestions and
birthday. possibility.
• We will learn English • Will/ shall: future
• We must analyze the mistakes not to • Must: obligation, prohibition
make them in future! or necessity.
• You should listen to me. • Should: advice
• I ought to practice more piano. • Ought to: synonym “should”.
• She would like to go to New York. • Would: hypothetical advice
Less formal
Can you help me?
Could you help me? Formal
May you help me? More formal
Remember:
•Mustn´t prohibition
•May and might express possibility
•Can and could ability
•Would hypothetical advice
•Must and have to obligation
•Should and ought to advice
A law must
Prohibit/ prohibit
A law/ what iswhat
morally
is
unacceptable/must
morally unacceptable

can / can't
could / couldn't
may / may not
should / shouldn’t
You shouldn’t you/
for/sneakers/ wearwear/your
sneakers for
job might / mightn’t
interview/shouldn’t
your job interview. must / mustn’t
would / wouldn't
Structure of the sentence

S + Modal verb + V + C

S + Modal verb+ Not + V + C

Modal verb + S + V + C +?
 Examples:
• You may cancel the contract, making the terms void
• He could speak French when he was 5 years old.
• The business contract must be signed by both parties.
(passive voice)
• I may eat dinner at 8:00 pm.
• The contract can guarantee you get paid for the item.
• John must pay his taxes.
• You should not carry a lot of money.
• I mustn’t memorize these rules.
• Can David speak three languages? Yes, he can.
• A lawyer might write a lease agreement for an
accountant in exchange for the accountant doing the
lawyer’s taxes.
• Would you start reading from page 1?
 will shall Be going to
Express future actions decided at the moment of Express future plans decided
speaking. Use when you are going to talk about: before the moment of speaking.

We will be at the office until 8 o’clock.

Applicants shall provide evidence of their qualifications.
I am going to study law in that university.
When will you finish your career?
I will finish my career in 2023.

I will not finish my career in 2023.

Will I finish my career in 2023?

+ ?
- (I,we)

Shall and will are both used to talk about intentions and decisions.
we often use shall with I and we.

I will discuss this matter tomorrow. I shall discuss this matter tomorrow.
I won’t discuss this matter tomorrow. I shan’t discuss this matter tomorrow.
Will we discuss this matter Shall we discuss this matter
tomorrow? tomorrow?
 Simple future grammar:
(+) S + will/shall+ V + C I shall- I’ll
I will - I’ll

The tenant shall pay the agreed amount on the first day of every month.

Mr Lopez shall begin his talk at 2:30pm.

shall not - shan’t

(-) S + will/shall+ not + V + C will not - won't.
The tenant shall not pay the agreed amount on the first day of every
month.
Mr Lopez shall not begin his talk at 2:30pm.

(?) Will/shall+ S + V + C+ ?
Shall the tenant pay the agreed amount on the first day of every month?
Shall Mr Lopez begin his talk at 2:30pm?
• The provisions of the contract shall come into
effect on the date agreed by the parties.
• Las estipulaciones del contrato entrarán en vigor en la
fecha que las partes acuerde
• If you are happy with the contract as currently
drawn, we will prepare fair copies to circulate to
the parties for signature.
• Si está satisfecho con el contrato tal cual está redactado,
prepararemos las copias definitivas para hacérselas llegar
a las partes para su firma
• A contract will always name the parties to the
agreement.
• Un contrato siempre especificará las partes del acuerdo
• The buyer shall be liable for any taxes.
• El Comprador será responsable de cualesquiera
impuestos
Read and complete the following conversation:
Use the correct future forms of the verbs.

A: Can you play tennis with me on Monday?

will meet
B: Sorry but I _____________ (meet) a client at 5 p.m.
A: What about Thursday then?
will instruct
B: No, I can‘t. Solicitor Brown _____________ (instruct) me
on his client‘s case on Thursday evening, at 7 p.m.
Will you be
A: What about the weekend? _____________ (be) you free?
B. Well, I‘m not sure yet. Maybe I _____________
will finish (finish)
preparing arguments for next week‘s trial.
Let’s go to ….
Write the contract
Let’s go to ….

My Life:
Can you imagine where you will be in ten years? What will you be doing?
Are you going to be married? Have children?

• Time to talk. You are going to talk about your future. Think about the
following aspects: get married, have children, doing a masters, get a
good job, learn to drive, become famous and live abroad.
• Predict your future life. Your audio should last 2 minutes.
Reading and comprehension

What objects are there under the

bed?
There are some stuffed animals
such as lion, elephant, and panda.

Is there a clock on the dresser?

No, there is. There is a clock on the

night table.

What objects are there on the wall?

There is a flag, and a poster.

Reading:
In my bedroom, there is a
bed. On the bed, there is a
pillow and some stuffed
animals. Under the bed, there
is a stuffed lion, there is a
stuffed elephant and there is
a stuffed panda. There is a
U.S.A. flag on the wall. There
is a poster on the wall, too.
There is a night table. On the
night table there is a clock.
There is a dresser, too. On the
dresser, there is a lamp.
 THERE IS & THERE ARE

THERE IS

THERE ARE
 There is – there are
To say that something exists or doesn´t exist. Differences between
singular and plural. We use there is and there are when we first
refer to the existence of someone or something.

There be

Use there is when the Use there are when the

noun is singular noun is plural
Grammar: There + be
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE

There is + singular noun There is + not + singular noun

There are + plural noun There are + not + plural noun
There is/are + some + noun (countable There is/are + not + any + noun
(pl) or uncountable noun) (countable (pl) or uncountable noun)

• There is a house on sale in this area. • There is NOT a house on sale in this area.
• There are two houses on sale in this area. • There are NOT two houses on sale in this area.
• There are some houses on sale in this area. • There are NOT any houses on sale in this area.

Yes/no questions

Is + there + singular noun…?

Are there + plural nouns …?
Is/are there + any + noun…?
(countable (pl) or uncountable noun)

• Is there a house on sale in this area?

• Are there two houses on sale in this area?
• Are there any houses on sale in this area?
This is an apartment. You describe the
things that are or is there.
Complete the following sentences with there+be
(affirmative, negative, question)
• ________
There are some types of legal contracts which create a legal
relationship between individuals and between companies and
individuals.
• At this time, _________
there is a party to sign the contract.
Are there
• __________ any examples of these letters?
There is not
• ____________ (not) a clear photograph of the missing man.
There are
• ____________some vacancies in our law firm at the moment.
• ____________
Is there a criminal lawyer?
Let’s go to ….
Modal verbs, there + be