Advanced Wireline Operations Course

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

Subsurface & Integrity Operations Dept. Head
https://www.linkedin.com/in/mahmoud-farag-radwan-a9266626
 Mahmoud Farag Radwan

Mahmoud Radwan is a Subsurface & Integrity Operations Dept. Head at AMAL

Petroleum Company (AMAPETCO) with more than 15 years of experience in Oil
& Gas industry. Mahmoud worked in Well Engineering, Intervention, Integrity
Short & Work-over at several companies, including KDT Global Solutions, CUDD Well
Control, Badr El-Din Pet. Co. (BAPETCO), Qarun Pet. Co. (QPC) and Wadi El-
Biography Sahel Petroleum Co. (WASPETCO).
Also, a freelance instructor at Upstream Oil & Gas in Egypt & GCC since 2008.
Mahmoud received a BSc degree in Petroleum Engineering from Al-Azhar
University in 2007.
o Evaluating Sustainable Annulus Pressure (SAP) in Sour Wells and the Possible
Causes to Avoid Recurrence to the Well Integrity Annual Middle East
Conference in Abu Dhabi; UAE in Apr 2015
o Implementing NDT methods for maintenance and inspection to the Asset
Integrity Management North Africa Conference in Cairo; Egypt in Nov 2015
o Feasibility Evaluation of Using Downhole Gas-water Separation Technology in
gas Reservoirs with Bottom Water; paper number: SPE-183739-MS to the 20th
Middle East Oil & Gas Show and Conference in Mar 2017
Publications http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/183739-MS
o Managing the Operational Challenges in Corroded Wells through Well Integrity
Management System to the Improving Brownfield Performance Technical
Convention, in Cairo; Egypt in Dec 2019
o Safe and Economic Attractive Rigless Operations Using a Digital Slickline in
Unmanned Platform with Low Structure Loads and Spacing; paper number:
SPE-202857-MS to the Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition &
Conference (ADIPEC) in Nov 2020 https://doi.org/10.2118/202857-MS
 Course Objectives
• Provide a full understanding of wireline operations.
• Highlight the critical aspects of wireline and the
pressure control.
• Learn the function and use of a wide range of wireline
tools.
• Utilize a “hand-on” approach to learning in a
workshop.
• Use cutaway tools to ensure a complete
understanding of downhole operation.
• Become proficient in the operation of the wireline unit.
• Learn the “job planning” aspects of a successful
wireline operation.
• Provide a venue for questions and discussion.
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
 Course Contents
• Pressure Basis & Well Completion
• Xmas Trees, Types of trees; single, dual, composite, solid block. Wireline, History and
development
• Uses and limitations of wireline. Wire types and strengths.
• Wireline Units, Design, function and operating procedures
• Surface equipment: Pressure control equipment.
• Braided line equipment
• Pressure Testing, Test Procedures and safety precautions, Tool string Components
• Rig-up Procedures, Lifting options
• Plugs and Flow controls, Running and pulling procedures
• Sliding Side Doors, Description and use in the well and types
• Shifting tools and procedures, Additional Equipment
• Caliper surveys - brief overview, TCP guns - wireline release options.
• Gas lift, Side Pocket mandrels uses, Gas lift valves – design, function and procedures.
• Fishing job planning, well site constraints, Fishing tools
• Electric line operations (logging, perforations, PLT)
• Special Topics (DSL, New Deployment Technology & Highly Dev. Wells Op.)
 PRESSURE BASIC & BASIS
7 Case Study
What is the differential pressure in psi exists between the tubing & annulus
at the SSD assembly located at 8960 ft MD (8200 ft TVD) in the tubing?

Available Information:
• The tubing/casing annulus is filled with 9.2 ppg brine full.
• The well is S/I at surface with CITHP of 600 psi.
• There is a gas cap of 0.6 SG gas down to 4000 ft fluid level
• 32° API oil from fluid level’ to 12000 ft.

Steps:
1 Sketch your information.
2 Calculate HP @ 8200 ft TVD brine in annulus
3 Calculate HP of gas cap @ 4000’
4 Calculate HP of oil column from 4000 ft to 8200 ft
5 BHP of tubing @ SSD, Gas HP + 32° API oil HP
6 Calculate the differential pressure at 8200 ft.
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
STEP 1 Always draw a sketch with all relevant information

CITHP 600 psi

0.6 Gravity Gas

4000 ft Fluid Level

9.2 ppg brine

SSD @ 8200’ TVD

32º API Oil

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

Case Study
1 HP of brine in annulus; = SG × WPG × TVD
HP = 9.2  8.33 × 0.433 × 8200
= 3919.6 psi

2 HP of gas = CITHP × GCF

GCF from table = 1.087
CITHP x GCF = 600 × 1.087 = 652.2 psi

3 HP of oil column; = SG × WPG × TVD

HP = 141.5  (131.5 + 32° API) × 0.433 × 4200
= 1573.9 psi

4 BHP in tubing @ SSD = 652.2 + 1573.9 = 2226.1 psi

5  Differential Pressure @ SSD = Annulus HP – Tubing BHP

= 3919.6 - 2226.1
= 1693.5 psi

Direction of flow is from Annulus to Tubing.

Mahmoud Farag Radwan
 Casing Design : Basic Construction

1 1. 30” conductor
2 2. Conductor setting depth
3 3. 20” surface casing
4
4. 20” shoe
5 5. Cement
6 6. Formation open to C annulus
7
7. 13 3/8” casing
8
8. Formation open to B annulus
9
10 9. 9 5/8” production casing
10. Liner hanger
11
11. 7” Liner
12. TD – Total Depth
12 Mahmoud Farag Radwan
 Tubing Hanger
Well COMPLETION
Control Line
Flow Coupling
COMPLETION ACCESSORY: SCSSV Landing Nipple
1 Anchoring Device
 Landing Nipples Top No-Go Nipple

2 Circulation Device
 SSD SPM
 SPM
Top No-Go Nipple
3 Isolation Device
 Packer SSD
Top Packer
 Tubing Seal Assembly, PBR
4 Anti-Erosion Device SSD

 Blast Joint
Producing Zone 2 Blast Joint
 Flow Coupling
5 Others Btm Packer
 WLEG
Bottom No-Go Nipple
 Perforated Joint Perforated Joint
WL Entry Guide
 Control Line
 Tubing Hanger Producing Zone 1
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
PRODUCER COMPLETION SCHEMATIC
 Well COMPLETION
1. ANCHORING DEVICE

Short tubular with 3 main features;

Shoulder,
Seal Bores
Profiles.
1.1 Ported Nipple
• Provides communication & receptacle.
1.2 Top No-Go
• Receptacle for selective locks.
1.3 Bottom No-Go
• Receptacle for No-Go locks & prevent
WL tools drop into rat-hole.
1.4 SV Nipple
• Provides receptacle for SV locks &
hydraulic fluid.

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 TRSV
DHSV
WRSV
1. PASSV
2. SCSSV
- WRSV
- TRSV

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Well COMPLETION
Orienting Sleeve
2. CIRCULATION DEVICE
Profile

2.1 Sliding Side Door (SSD) Seal Bore

• Provide communication between tubing &

annulus. Inner Sleeve
3 Positions
• Incorporate nipple profile. inner sleeve
with packing, & seal bores. Discriminator
• Advantage & Disadvantage
Ports
2.2 Side Pocket Mandrel
• Provide communication between tubing &
annulus. Receptacle

• Incorporate orienting sleeve,

Releasing
discriminator, receptacle with profile & Shoulder
seal bores for 1” or 11/2” valves.
• Advantage & Disadvantage

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 SPM ACCESSORIES
Dummy Valve
• Blank off the communication port

Gas Lift Valve

• Annulus injection pressure activated
• Production pressure activated

Latches
• Lock in receptacle profile

Locking & Releasing Mechanism

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Well COMPLETION
3. ISOLATION DEVICE

PRODUCTION PACKER
3.1 Permanent Packer
Hold-Down Buttons
• Integral casing part & run independently.
• Tubing run with connector & seal elements.
• Remove by milling.
• Electrically WL set.
Elements
3.2 Retrievable Packer
• Integral part of tubing & run on production tubing.
• Hydraulically set. Slips

3.3 Inflatable Packer

• Well Intervention applications
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
 Well COMPLETION
4. ANTI-EROSION DEVICE

4.1 Blast Joint

• Heavy-walled tubular.
• Installed opposite perforations (non-
gravel pack) where abrasive action &
external cutting occurs caused by
formation fluids or sand.
4.2 Flow Coupling
• Heavy-walled tubular.
• Installed DS FCD which caused
turbulence e.g. Nipple, SSD, SCSSV.
• High velocity & high pressures wells
installed both US & DS.

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Well COMPLETION
5. OTHERS
5.1 Wireline Entry Guide (WLEG)
• Bottom most tubing accessories.
• Provide easy access for WL tools into
tubing.
5.2 Perforated Joint
• Eliminate flow restrictions.
• Provide true downhole flow readings.
5.3 Control Line
• Transport hydraulic fluid to SCSSV
• Continuous length & securely clamped
on tubing wall.
5.4 Tubing Hanger
• Set in THS , suspend tubing weight &
provide sealing.
• BPV Receptacle
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
 Well COMPLETION
6
COMPLETION ACCESSORY DEPTH RATIONALIZATION
1
1 DHSV
• HP of control line fluid 2
• Earth crater depth
3
2 Landing Nipple
• Below kick off point for deviation.
2
• Check well integrity
• Hanging depth for FCD. 4
5
3 SPM
4
• Hydrostatic head of hydrocarbon & communication
4 SSD 6

• Depth of required communication

5
5 Packer
2
• Determined by reservoir depths.
6 Anti-Erosion Device
• Determined by reservoirs & flow characteristics
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
 WELLHEAD & XMAS TREE
CONVENTIONAL WELLHEAD

It’s a built up of modules. During drilling BOP is

installed above it & it must be removed each time a
new module to be installed & replaced the BOP on
top of it before commence drilling.

Features:

1 Starter Spool (Conductor Pipe)

2 Surface Casing Head
3 Surface Casing Hanger
4 Production Casing Head
5 Production Casing Hanger
6 Tubing Head
7 Tubing Hanger
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
 WELLHEAD & XMAS TREE
XMAS TREE
Surface valves manifold to control flow of well fluids & access for well
intervention activities.
Features:
1 LMV
Manual, NOT working valve optimum conditions.
2 UMV
Emergency valve (Hyd/Pneu) & cut wire.
3 FWV
Permits passage of well fluids to CV.
4 CHOKE VALVE (CV)
Restrict, control or regulate flow of well fluids.
5 KWV
Permits entry of kill fluids into tubing or equalize.
6 SV/CV
Permits entry of well interventions.
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
 Xmas Tree Type
Xmas Tree type:
 Solid Block (Mono Block) Xmas Tree
- Contains fewer components (for
high pressure wells)
 Composite Block Xmas Tree
- Valves are located on separate
block & joined by API flange.
 Horizontal Xmas Tree
- New concept used for sub-sea
completion.

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

Dual Solid Block Xmas Tree

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Wireline
Well Intervention technique of conveying tools & instrument downhole.
The most efficient & practical method to diagnose well problems.
Easily junk wells if not properly manage.

Wireline Category:
1. Slickline or Solidline or Pianoline
2. Digital/Live Slickline
3. Braidedline
4. Electricline

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Introduction to Wireline - history

 Cross-circular Slickline –
around 1930s

 Hand powered - wells

were shallow

 Measuring device hand-

held against the wire

 Tension in line – felt by the

operator leather-covered
hand on the wire
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
Wireline - development

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Slickline - testing

Testing of Slicklines

Before each operation, during the operation, when

finished

Three methods in use

Torsion, wrap and straight pull testing

Other indicators
Coil of the wire
Marking, pitting of the line
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
Care of Wireline
How to Reduce the Odds

Taking Care of The Wireline

Special Alloy/SS Carbon Steel

Wrap test Torsion Test

Wire Wrapped Around One End Fixed

it’s Own Diameter Other End Rotated.

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Slickline - testing

Torsion testing
Used to test IPS

Set length of line

The rotations counted

Fracture inspected

Four different scenarios

possible Mahmoud Farag Radwan
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
 Care of Wireline
How to Reduce the Odds

Taking Care of The Wireline

Test Good Test Bad

Test Good Test Bad

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Slickline – line spooling

 Initial spooling

 Marking of flat wraps

 Spooling during the operation

 Spread evenly across the drum

 Tension on line when running

in/out of the hole – loose
wraps?

 Oiling of line
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
 Slickline – bending cycles

• Bending stresses are

created whenever the
wire deviates from the
straight-line condition
• This in conjunction with
sheave size is the most
common reason for line
failure
• 14 bending cycles to run
in and out of the hole

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

Mahmoud Farag Radwan
Braided & Electric-line
Testing

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 WIRELINE EQUIPMENT
1 Surface Equipment Optional PCE
1.1 WL Unit 2.6 Tool Trap
1.2 Power Pack 2.7 Tool Catcher
1.3 Hoisting Unit 2.8 Injection Sub
2 PCE 2.8 SCU
2.1 Quick Union 2.9 Pumping Tee
2.2 Stuffing Box / GIH
2.3 Lubricator
2.4 BOP
2.5 Tree Adapter
3 Subsurface Equipment (SSE)
3.1 Toolstring 3.6 Shifting Tool
3.2 Service Tools 3.7 Kick Over Tool
3.3 Tubing Conditioning Tools 3.8 Overshot
3.4 Running Tools 3.9 Spear
3.5 Pulling Tools 3.10 Flow Control Device
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
 Surface EQUIPMENT
1.1 Wireline Unit
• Single Drum or Dual Drum
• Skid Mounted / Containerized / Helicopter Unit
Component
• Operating Panel – Direction Lever, Brake, Hydraulic Valve,
Gauges etc
• Measuring Device
• Weighing Device
• Level Wind

1.2 Power Pack

• Diesel or Electrical Powered
• Zoning Classification
Zone 0 – Continuous present of flammable agent.
Zone 1 – Flammable agent likely to occur in normal operation.
Zone 2 – Flammable agent not likely to occur in normal operation.
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
 SURFACE EQUIPMENT
1.3 Hoisting Unit
• Pedestal Crane
• Mast
• ‘A’ Frame
• Derrick
• Gin Pole
• Rig

Operational Considerations:
• Length of Lubricators, Risers & Stack Up.
• Height of Hoisting Unit
• Fishing Job
• Toolstring Length

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Slickline Surface Equip. Lay-out
Remote ESD
Pump Unit

Toolbox

Power Pack
HAZARDOUS
ZONE (15 m)

Working Platform

Independent
Wellhead
Control Panel

WL Unit
Portable Winch

Fire Extinguisher
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
 PCE - STUFFING BOX

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

Hydraulic Stuffing Box Manual Stuffing Box
Top Sheave with Isolation

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Liquid seal head (Grease Injection Head GIH)

 Developed by Camco for work in

Alaska

 Improved sealing at higher pressure

 5,000, 10,000 and 15,000 WP

 Low friction – no stuffing box packings

 Separate pump to operate

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 PCE - GREASE INJECTION HEAD
Flow Tube Range:
2 Tubes: <2K psi
3 Tubes: <10K psi GIH
Contaminated
4 Tubes: <15K psi
Grease Tank
Clearance: 0.004” –
SCU
0.006”

Pack Off Hand Pump

Lubricator

Grease Pump
BOP
Flow Tube
Flow Tube, Flow Tube
Cable & & Cable
Grease Mahmoud Farag Radwan GREASE SYSTEM
GIH
 PCE - LUBRICATOR

Lower Section Top Section

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Slickline PCE
Stuffing Box Stuffing Box

Lubricator

SLICKLINE FISHING
SLICKLINE OPERATION OPERATION
Lubricator

0.125 Ram BOP

Blind Ram 0.108 Ram BOP

Shear & Seal Ram Shear & Seal Ram

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 BRAIDEDLINE PCE
GIH
PRIMARY BARRIER
SCU

Lubricator

SECONDARY BARRIER
1 1 Braidedline Ram
2 2 Braidedline Inverted Ram
3
4 3 Blind Ram
4 Shear Ram

Shear & Seal Ram

TERTIARY BARRIER

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Sub Surface Equipment
All sub surface tools must incorporate ‘Fishing Neck’ a
recovery feature. Int FN 1

Ext FN
3.1 Toolstring
1. Rope Socket 2
2. Stem
3. Jar
4. Knuckle Joint

Optional Tools
3
5. Roller Stem
6. High Density Stem
7. Hydraulic Jar
8. Spring Jar
9. Knuckle Jar 4
10. QLS
11. Swivel Joint
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
12. Accelerator 12 10 11 9 8 7 6 5
 SUB-SURFACE EQUIPMENT

3.2 Service Tool

1. Gauge Cutter 6 7
2. Blind Box
3. Lead Impression Block (LIB)
4. Wire Scratcher
5. Tubing End Locator
6. Pump Bailer
7. Hydrostatic Bailer 4 5

1 2 3

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 SUB-SURFACE EQUIPMENT

3.3 Tubing Conditioning Tool - Always use with Pulling Tool

1. Swage
- To restore light tubing collapse.

2. Broach
-To remove scale /paraffin deposits

1 2

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 SUB-SURFACE EQUIPMENT
3.4 Running Tools
1 External Fishing Neck
2 Internal Fishing Neck
3 Selective Running Tool
4 Non-Selective Running Tool

Latching Mechanism:
(Jar ▲ or ▼to free)
7
5 Shear Pins
3
6 Dogs
RT Accessories:
7 Shank, Probe, Guide & Prong. 2

4
1 6
5

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 RUNNING TOOLS

OTIS “X” R/T CAMCO “W-1” R/T BAKER “G” R/T CAMCO “Z-6” R/T CAMCO “DT” R/T
(X-Lock) (M-Lock) Mahmoud Farag Radwan
(S-Lock) (DB-Lock) (C-Lock)
 SUB-SURFACE EQUIPMENT

3.5 Pulling Tools

1. External Fishing Neck
2. Internal Fishing Neck

Shear Direction:
3. Jar ▲ (Large Pin)
4. Jar ▼ (Small Pin)

Mahmoud
3 Farag Radwan 1 3 2
 Reach

“S” Series Pulling Tool (▼) “R” Series Pulling Tool (▲)

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 SHEARING MECHANISM

Jar ▼ Pulling Tools (S) Jar ▲ Pulling Tools (R)

Top Sub

Sleeve
Core Nut Ring
Main Spring
Shear Pin
Body
Dog Spring

Core

Dog

FCD Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Pulling Tools

CAMCO “JU” P/T CAMCO

Mahmoud Farag “PRS-2” P/T
Radwan OTIS “GR” P/T
CAMCO “JD” P/T CAMCO “PRS” P/T OTIS “GS” P/T
 SUB-SURFACE EQUIPMENT

3.6 Shifting Tool

1. Serves to open or close Sliding Sleeve.

2. Selective & Non-Selective

3. Pressure equalization is compulsory prior opening SSD

4. Feature
• Key or Dog
• Self Releasing
• Safety Release

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Shifting Operation
SSD RIH & Locate Equalizing Fully Open Pass Through

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

Safety RELEASE Feature

Closing
Mahmoud Shearing
Farag Radwan
Pin Pin Sheared
 Shifting Tool

Collets
Connecting
Key Key Spring Adjuster
Top Sub Mandrel
Shear Pin
Key Control Sleeve
Retainer Main Spring

Spring Housing
Key Main Spring
Key Spring
Spring
Collets Split Ring Shifting Dog
Dog Retainer
Locating Dog
Shear Pins
Body

Main Mandrel Thread Protector

OTIS “B” Positioning Tool OTIS “BO”Farag
Downshift Tool BAKER “D-2” Shifting Tool
Mahmoud Radwan
(OTIS SSD) (OTIS SSD) (BAKER “L” SSD)
 SUB-SURFACE EQUIPMENT

3.7 Kick Over Tools

1. Serves to set or pull valve from Side Pocket Mandrel

2. Pressure equalization is compulsory prior pulling valve from SPM

3. Feature:
• Locating Finger
• Self Orient-able
• Kickable Arm Assembly
• Safety Release

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Kick Over Tool

Locating Finger

Shear Pin
Spring

Set Screw

Leaf Spring Arm Assembly

Guide

Catcher Sub

CAMCO “OK “ Series KOT CAMCO

Mahmoud “OMRadwan
Farag “ Series KOT MERLA KOT
Side Pocket Mandrel

Orienting Sleeve Guide

Communication Port

Tubing GLV Pocket

ID

Oval Cross Section

BK-2 Latch Discriminator

E Dummy

Side Pocket

Gas-lift Dummy Valve

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Kick-Over Tool Running Sequence
OK Series KOT MERLA KOT

(a) RIH
(b) Locate & orienting
(c) Trigger
(d) Setting valve in pocket
(e) Release RT & POOH

(a) (b) (c) (d) Mahmoud

(e) Farag Radwan
 SUB-SURFACE EQUIPMENT

3.8 Overshot
To latch on downhole tools without External
Fishing Neck

3.9 Spear
To latch on downhole tools without Internal
Fishing Neck

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 SUB-SURFACE EQUIPMENT
3.10 Flow Control Device
Lock Mandrel + Type of Plug + Equalizing Sub
Type of Lock: Slip Lock, Collar Lock & Nipple Lock
Type of Plugs: Hold pressure ▼, Hold ▲, Hold ▼&▲

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 Wireline Parameters

Five considerations required serious attention prior wireline operations.

1. Job Planning

2. Rig-up & Rig-down

3. Pressure Testing

4. RIH Considerations

5. Emergency Response

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

Pressure Control Equipment TestRadwan
Mahmoud Farag and Maintenance Record
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
 Nipple-less Plug
The Nipple-less plug is a mechanically set plug
used in nipples completion or used where
there is a problem with setting a nipple type
plug.
It can be set in a range of tubing weights at any
depths, holds pressure from both directions.

Can be set below restrictions such as landing

nipples and safety valves, can also be pulled
through the restrictions.
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
Wireline Operations in Highly Deviated Wells

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

What is a Roller Bogie?

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

Tubing Conveyed Perforating
(TCP)

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

Wireline Engineering Manual
(Drawings & Data Sheets)

Mahmoud Farag Radwan

 References
• M. F. Radwan; Well Intervention Hand-outs in December 2018
• Halliburton Slickline Services Manual in 2010
• Schlumberger Slickline Training Manual in 2004
• D. Mitchell; Wireline Engineering, Offshore Well Intervention
Conference 2014 Technology & Approach for the North sea
Managing Friction, Extending the range of Wireline
• Matt Billingham; Schlumberger, Digital Trigger: Safe, On-Demand,
Efficient and Recordable Perforating on Slickline in 2012; EWAPS
• George E. King Engineering Slickline Basics Presentation
(www.GEKEngineering.com)
• http://www.taylormadetc.com/
• American Petroleum Institute Exploration & Production Department.
Wireline Operations and Procedures.
Mahmoud Farag Radwan
Thank
You

Mahmoud Farag Radwan