0% found this document useful (0 votes)
8 viewsMath TB ch2 Linear
Uploaded by
Naeem SCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
8 viewsMath TB ch2 Linear
Uploaded by
Naeem SCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 30
Linear Graphs and
Simultaneous Linear Equations
During festive seasons, people usually buy gifts for their
frends and relatives. When shopping for gifts, if we narrow
down our aift choices to two items and we have a fixed budget,
how do we determine the number of each item to buy? straight line is in the form y= mx +c,
and the constant c is the y-intercept
ithe equation of a
dient of the line
dy + 1. For each value of x, there is a
ave Fearnt th
In Rook We
1 mr isthe grad
whore the constant
spear the equation of te straight Fine Y=
corresponding value of Y
When +=0,y=2(0) + 1=1
When v= 2, y= 2(2) +125.
ts on a sheet of graph paper, we obtain a straight line. Since
2, 5) lie on the line, the coordinates of these points satisfy the
i we plot these point
the points (0, 1) and (
equation y= 2x+ 1.
Does the point (4, 10) lie on the line with equation
We replace x by 4 and y by 10 in the equation y =
LHS = 10
RHS = 2(4) +1
=9#LHS
since the coordinates of (4, 10) do not satisfy the equation y = 2x + 1, the point does
not lie on the line.
r+?
xt
What are the equations of a horizontal line and a vertical lire?
O
Equation of a Horizontal Line
Investigation
Fig. 2.1 shows a horizontal line.
| ances
Ha eee 4 |
i a
AG 3) | 2 CO, 3) e
| |
| {| | | | |
| | ea]
+—+—_} (i=)
| 7
i; | | |
| + 44°74 t ote
1 | | gradient ofthe horizontal line?
isthe
what me aints on the line, The coordinates of A and of © are given
1: Thee a nthe coordinates of B and of D
write e about y-coor es ol
What den nti about the scoorinates ofall the four points on the
5 yizontl fie?
he think the equation of the horizontal line ist
4, What do vou
catiation since the gradient m of a horizontal line is 0, the equation of
From the inv
a horizontal line is
spe wernt fal he pins ona horizontal ine re equal 0a constan)
y
4
ny
resis
— Exercise 2A Question 1
Wr
ff " ‘te down the equation of each of the given horizontal lines.
graph, draw each of the lines with the following equations,
Gi) y=0
Describe the lines.
Linear Graphs and Simultaneous Linear Equations Chapter 2 eo
— he jgation
Investigat”
~ tical Line
Equation on vertical ine
1. What isthe gradient ofthe vertical line?
2 There are 4 points on the line. The coordinates of P and of R are given.
Write down the coordinates of @ and of S.
3. What do you notice about the x-coordinates of all the four points on the
vertical line?
4. What do you think the. ‘equation of the vertical line is?
As the x-coordinaes of all he points m
ona vertical line are equal to the s
value a, the equation ofa vertical in ig : mesons
¥s nota linear function
because there are many valiss
fy for one value of ry
UESTIONS
Ling 2 Line 1
|
Pres
(@) Write down the equation of each of the given vertical lines.
ty inthe gaph, draw each ofthe lnes withthe following equations
@ 1235
Gi) r=0
Describe the lines,
Graphs of Linear
uations in the
2.
We ™
ae leamt how to draw graphs of linear equations in the form
w
whem adc ate constants. n this section, we shall take a look at the gr
ar equal
# equations in the form ax + by =k, where a, b and & are constants
yemrte
aphs of
taneous Linear Equations Chapter 2 @
—————— ér* Investigation
Graphs of ax + by = &
consider the equation 2v+y = 3. -
. a , Using a gr eam software, draw the graph of 2x . y : om
i) Do the points A(2, -1) and Bi-2, 5) lie on the graph i von never
Do the coordinates of each of the points satisfy the equat
plain your answers.
es point (1, p) lies on the graph in (i). Determine the value a
(iv) The point (g, -7) lies on the graph in (i). Determine the value of q- seat
(vy) On the same axes in (ji), draw the graph of y = -2x + 3. oe do you mone ; i
Hence, show algebraically that y = -2x + 3 can be obtained from 2x + y = 3.
- Consider the equation 3x - 4y = 6.
(Using a graphing software, draw the graph of 3x-4y = 6.
The point (2, r) lies on the graph in (i). Determine the value of r.
The point (s, 1.5) lies on the graph in (i). Determine the value of s.
(iv) State the coordinates of two other points that satisfy the equation 3x — 4y = 6.
i}
3.3
(¥) On the same axes in (i), draw the graph of y=qx— z- What do you notice?
Hence, show algebraically that y= de -3 can be obtained from 3x - 4y = 6.
Worked Drawing the Graph of ax + by =)
The variables x and y are connected by the equation
Example
P 2x ~ 3y = 2. Some values of x and the corres|
ponding
values of y are given in the table,
Paeaeaee
@) Calculate the value of p.
(©) On a sheet of graph paper, using a scale of | cm
to represent 1 unit on the a-axis and 2.cm to represent
| unit on the y-axis, draw the graph of 2x — 3y = 2
for2 units, 4 units, 5 units oF 10 units. Avoid using awkward
sseful
guid
7 oni both the x-axis and the y-axis. For example, we may use
S useaeconY
hemo
ceych as Fem t0 Fey
se weanis need not be the same as the scale used in the y-axis
represent unit
present 3 units or | em fo represent 4.3 units,
scale’
The scale used for th
sponse a suitable scal at the graph will occupy more than half the size of
le so th
e graph paper.
«+ Look at the largest and t
process for the values of y
he smallest value of x and estimate the scale to be used.
Repeat the
Class
Discussion
Choice of Appropriate Scales for Graphs and Accuracy of Graphs
Work in pairs
1. Using a suitable scale, draw the graph of y= 3x— 1. Compare your graph with that
of your classmate. Do the graphs look different?
2. Use your graph in Question 1 to find
3,
(i) the value of y when x
(ii) the value of x when
3. How do you check for the accuracy of your answers in Question 2?
4. If your answers in Question 2 are inaccurate, how can you improve your graph? Worked
Example
1. Using the al method, solve the simultaneous equations
ty 3,
arty
2. Using the graphical method, solve the simultaneous equations
Te-2y+11 =0,
brty+4 20,
, © crow? is ~
is and Simultaneous Linear Equations se Exercise
Era
(@) Hence, ua
ae-y=-9 and 4y=-8
fer the equatior
Copy and compl
draw the graph of y=2r+9for-8
