Steamdat functions (Note 1)

Saturation properties Humid region

p= 140 bar p=
x=
sf (p) = SaturWater_Entropy_p #VALUE! kJ(kg K) t (p) =
t (p) = H2O_SaturationTemp_p(p) #VALUE! ºC h (p,x) =
h (t) = SaturWater_Enthalpy_t(t) #VALUE! kJ/kg s (p,h) =

Saturated water h (p,x) =

p (s) = H2O_SaturationPressure_s(s) #VALUE! bar h (t,x) =
p (t) = H2O_SaturationPressure_t(t) #VALUE! bar v (p,x) =
v (t,x) =
t (s) = H2O_SaturationTemp_s(s) #VALUE! ºC hfg (p) =
m (t) = SaturWater_DynViscosity_t(t) #VALUE! Pa s hfg (t) =
h (p) = SaturWater_Enthalpy_p(p) #VALUE! kJ/kg x (p,h) =
h (t) = SaturWater_Enthalpy_t(t) #VALUE! kJ/kg x (p,s) =
x (t,s) =
s (t) = SaturWater_Entropy_t(t) #VALUE! kJ(kg K)
k (t) = SaturWater_HeatConduct_t(t) #VALUE! W/(m K)
Pr (t) = SaturWater_Prandtl_t(t) #VALUE! -
c (t) = SaturWater_SonicVelocity_t(t) #VALUE! m/s
cp (t) = SaturWater_SpecHeat_Cp_t(t) #VALUE! kJ/(kg K)
v (t) = SaturWater_SpecVolume_t(t) #VALUE! m3/kg
t (h) = SaturWater_Temperature_h(h) #VALUE! ºC
s (t) = Water_SurfaceTension_t(t) #VALUE! N/m

Saturated steam
m (t) = SaturSteam_DynViscosity_t(t) #VALUE! Pa s
h (t) = SaturSteam_Enthalpy_p(p) #VALUE! kJ/kg
h (p) = SaturSteam_Enthalpy_t(t) #VALUE! kJ/kg Note 1
s (p) = SaturSteam_Entropy_p(p) #VALUE! kJ/(kg K)
s (t) = SaturSteam_Entropy_t(t) #VALUE! kJ/(kg K)
k (t) = SaturSteam_HeatConduct_t(t) #VALUE! W/(m K)
Pr (t) = SaturSteam_Prandtl_t #VALUE! -
c (t) = SaturSteam_SonicVelocity_t(t) #VALUE! m/s
cp (t) = SaturSteam_SpecHeat_Cp_t(t) #VALUE! kJ/(kg K)
v (t) = SaturSteam_SpecVolume_t(t) #VALUE! m3/kg
Humid region Superheated steam
140 bar p=
0.8 t=
H2O_SaturationTemp_p(I2) 336.6 ºC s (t,p) =
H2O_Enthalpy_p_x(I2,I3) 2428.2 kJ/kg h (t,p) =
H2O_Entropy_p_h(I2,I5) 5.03 kJ/(kg K) v (t,p) =

H2O_Enthalpy_p_x(I2,I3) 2428.2 kJ/kg m (t,p) =

H2O_Enthalpy_t_x(I4,I3) 2428.2 kJ/kg h (p,s) =
H2O_SpecVolume_p_x(p,x) 0.0095 h (t,p) =
H2O_SpecVolume_t_x(t,x) 0.0095 h (t,s) =
H2O_VapourisationHeat_p(p) 1070.7 kJ/kg s (p,h) =
H2O_VapourisationHeat_t(t) 1070.7 kJ/kg s (t,p) =
SteamQuality_p_h(p,h) 0.8 - k (t,p) =
SteamQuality_p_s(p,s) 0.8 - K (p,h) =
SteamQuality_t_s(t,s) 0.8 - KDown (p,h) =
KUp (p,h) =
Pr (t,p) =
p (t,s) =
p (t,v) =
c (p,h) =
c (t,p) =
Cp (t,p) =
Cv (t,p) =
v (p,h) =
v (t,p) =
t (p,h) =
t (p,s) =
This set of functions uses Steamdat_97 . [3] t (p,v) =
With permission (See sheet 6 )

The same functions are aplicable for compressed liquid

For the given pressure of
compressed liquid will exist for a temperature t < tsat
 Rev. cjc 01.06.2016
perheated steam
140 bar
500 ºC
H2O_Entropy_t_p(t,p) 6.39 kJ/(kg K)
H2O_Enthalpy_t_p(t,p) 3323.8 kJ/kg
H2O_SpecVolume_p_h(t,p) 0.0225 m3/kg

H2O_DynViscosity_t_p(t,p) 2.92E-05 Pa s
H2O_Enthalpy_p_s(p,s) 3323.8 kJ/kg
H2O_Enthalpy_t_p(t,p) 3323.8 kJ/kg
H2O_Enthalpy_t_s(t,s) 3323.8 kJ/kg
H2O_Entropy_p_h(p,h) 6.39 kJ/(kg K)
H2O_Entropy_t_p(t,p) 6.39 kJ/(kg K)
H2O_HeatConductivity_t_p(t,p) 0.0801 W/(m K)
H2O_Kappa_p_h(p,h) 1.290 -
H2O_KappaUp_p_h(p,h) 1.290 -
H2O_KappaDown_p_h(p,h) 1.290 -
H2O_Prandtl_t_p(t,t) 1.43 -
H2O_Pressure_t_s(t,s) 140.0 bar
H2O_Pressure_t_v(t,v) 140.0 bar
H2O_SonicVelocity_p_h(p,h) 637.5 m/s
H2O_SonicVelocity_t_p(t,p) 637.5 m/s
H2O_SpecificHeat_Cp_t_p(t,p) 2.79
H2O_SpecificHeat_Cv_t_p(t,p) #VALUE!
H2O_SpecVolume_p_h(p,h) 0.023
H2O_SpecVolume_p_h(t,p) #VALUE! m3/kg
H2O_Temperature_p_h(p,h) 500.0 ºC
H2O_Temperature_p_s(p,s) 500.0 ºC
H2O_Temperature_p_v(p,v) 500.0 ºC

e same functions are aplicable for compressed liquid

the given pressure of 140 bar
mpressed liquid will exist for a temperature t < tsat
tsat = 336.6 ºC
Excel funtions "STEAMDAT_97" for Steam and Water Data
With permission (See sheet 6 )

1.- Aplication case to superheated steam

(same functions are used for superheated steam and compressed water)
Temperature t=
Pressure p=

Input data pair:

Dynamic viscosity Pa s m= H2O_DynViscosity_t_p(t,p)
Enthalpy kJ/kg h= H2O_Enthalpy_t_p(t,p)
Entropy kJ/kg.K s= H2O_Entropy_t_p(t,p)
Heat conductivity W/m.K k= H2O_HeatConductivity_t_p(t,p)
Kappa - K= H2O_Kappa_t_p(t,p)
Kappa-Down - Kdown = H2O_KappaDown_p_h(p,h)
Kappa-Up - Kup = H2O_KappaUp_p_h(p,h)
Prandtl - Pr = H2O_Prandtl_t_p(t,p)
Pressure bar(a)
Sonic velocity m/s c= H2O_SonicVelocity_t_p(t,p)
Specific heat, Cp kJ/kg.K Cp = H2O_SpecificHeat_Cp_t_p(t,p)
Specific volume m3/kg v= H2O_SpecVolume_t_p(t,p)
Surface tension N/m Surface tension is defined only in compressed liquid area
Temperature °C

2.- Aplication case to compressed water

(same functions are used for superheated steam and compressed water)
Temperature t=
Pressure p=

Input data pair:

Dynamic viscosity Pa s m= H2O_DynViscosity_t_p(t,p)
Enthalpy kJ/kg h= H2O_Enthalpy_t_p(t,p)
Entropy kJ/kg.K s= H2O_Entropy_t_p(t,p)
Heat conductivity W/m.K k= H2O_HeatConductivity_t_p(t,p)
Kappa - K= H2O_Kappa_t_p(t,p)
Kappa-Down - Kdown =
Kappa-Up - Kup =
Prandtl - Pr = H2O_Prandtl_t_p(t,p)
Pressure bar(a)
Sonic velocity m/s c= H2O_SonicVelocity_t_p(t,p)
Specific heat, Cp kJ/kg.K Cp = H2O_SpecificHeat_Cp_t_p(t,p)
Specific volume m3/kg v= H2O_SpecVolume_t_p(t,p)
Surface tension N/m Water_SurfaceTension_t(G30)
Temperature °C

3.- Application case to Wett steam

Input data for the example

Temperature 180 ºC
Steam quality 0.6 -
Pressure #VALUE! bar

Enthalpy kJ/kg H2O_Enthalpy_t_x(t,x)

Entropy kJ/kg.K H2O_Entropy_p_h(p,h)
Kappa -
Kappa-Down -
Kappa-Up -
Specific volume m3/kg H2O_SpecVolume_t_x(t,x)

Critical point
Critical temperature: 373.946 °C
Critical pressure: 220.64 bar(a)
 3043.10

Rev. cjc 01.06.2016

Aplication point is shown in water T-s diagram

350 ºC psat,@t = Non existing at this temperature
61.0 bar tsat,@p = H2O_SaturationTemp_p(G6) t
tsat,@p = 276.63 ºC
f(t,p) f(t,s) f(t,v) f(p,s) f(p,h) f(p,v) 350 t = 350 ºC
#VALUE! Tcrt =
#VALUE! ### ### 300
#VALUE! #VALUE! t = 276.6 ºC

#VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE! 200
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE!
### ### 100
#VALUE!
#VALUE! Water t-s diagram
#VALUE! #VALUE!
essed liquid area
### #VALUE! ###

350
Aplication point is shown in water T-s diagram Tcrt =
200 ºC psat,@t = 15.5 bar 300
61.0 bar tsat,@p = 276.6 ºC t = 276.6 ºC

f(t,p) t-s t-v p-s p-h p-v 200

#VALUE!
#VALUE! ### 854.3
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! 100
#VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE! Water t-s diagram
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
61.00
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
 #VALUE! #VALUE!
#VALUE!
### #VALUE! ###

Saturation Pressure Psat = H2O_SaturationPressure_t(D56)

Psat = ### bar

Input data pair:

t-x t-s p-x p-h p-s p-v
#VALUE! ### - #VALUE!
- ### -
###
###
###
#VALUE! ### ###

Check example
t= 180 ºC
x= 0.6 -

h= hf + x * (hg - hf) s= sf + x * (sg - sf) v= vf + v * (vg - vf)

hf = SaturWater_Enthalpy_t(t) sf = SaturWater_Entropy_t(t) vf = SaturWater_SpecVolume_t(t)

hf = ### kJ/kg sf = ### kJ/(kg*K) vf = #VALUE!

hg = SaturSteam_Enthalpy_t(t) sg = SaturSteam_Entropy_t(t) vg = SaturSteam_SpecVolume_t(t)

hg = ### kJ/kg sg = ### kJ/(kg*K) vg = ###

x= 0.6 x= 0.6 x= 0.6
h= ### kJ/kg s= ### kJ/(kg*K) v= ###
 pcrt = 220.64 bar
p = 61
t = 350 ºC
374 ºC
15.55

s
Water t-s diagram

p = 61

374 ºC
15.5

s
Water t-s diagram
vf + v * (vg - vf)
SaturWater_SpecVolume_t(t)

m3/kg
SaturSteam_SpecVolume_t(t)

m3/kg

m3/kg
 Rev. cjc 01.06.2016

Turbine stage
Input data is in yelow cells, calculated values in green cells
With permission (See sheet 5 )
Input data:
Steam pressure before stage p1 = 61 bar(a)
Steam temperature before stage t1 = 450 °C
Pressure after stage p2 = 4.3 bar(a)
Stage isentropic efficiency hs = 0.87 -

Calculated values:
Inlet enthalpy h1 = H2O_Enthalpy_t_p(t1,p1) #VALUE!
Inlet entropy s1 = H2O_Entropy_t_p(t1,p1) #VALUE!
Outlet isentropic entropy s2s = s1 #VALUE!
Outlet isentropic enthalpy h2s = H2O_Enthalpy_p_s(p2,s2s) #VALUE!
Isentropic power generation Dhs = h1 - h2s #VALUE!
Real power generation Dh = Dhs * hs #VALUE!
Specific energy (Ditto) Espec = Dh [kJ/kg) * 1000 [kg/h] /3600 #VALUE!
Outlet steam enthalpy h2 = h1 - Dh #VALUE!
Outlet steam temperature t2 = H2O_Temperature_p_h(p2,h2) #VALUE!
Outlet saturation temperature t2sat = H2O_SaturationTemp_p(p2) #VALUE!
Outlet steam superheating Dtout,superheat = t2 - t2sat = #VALUE!
Outlet steam entropy s2 = H2O_Entropy_p_h(p2,h2) #VALUE!
 t ºC
p1 =

450 t1 = 450 ºC

400
pcrt = 220.64 bar

kJ/kg
kJ/kg.K 300 Tcrt = 374 ºC
kJ/kg.K
kJ/kg 276.7 ºC
kJ/kg
Isentropic process
kJ/kg 200
kWh/ton
kJ/kg t2 = ### ºC
°C t2sat = ### °C 2sat
2so
°C 100
°C ###
kJ/kg.K Water t-s diagram
 61 bar

p2 = 4.3 bar

2
2so

### s kJ/(kg K)
Desuperheating

Calculation of a pressure reducing valve, PRV, with desuperheating

Input data is in yellow cells. Water and steam properties calculated with "Steamdat_97" (Note 1)

Input data:
Steam pressure before PRV p1 = 62 bar(a)
Steam temperature before PRV t1 = 450 °C
Steam pressure after PRV p2 = 4.3 bar(a)
Steam temperature after PRV and desuperheating (2) t2 = 165 -
Desuperheater water pressure p4 = 30 bar(a)
Desuperheater water temperature, in feed tank t3 = 130 °C
Desuperheater water pump efficiency hp = 0.74 -
Pump motor efficiency hm = 0.94 -
High pressure steam flow ms = 75.0 ton/h
Note 1. With permission (See sheet 6 )
Note 2. Cooled, but still a superheated steam

Calculated data:

Steam properties
Inlet steam entalpy h1 = H2O_Enthalpy_t_p(t1,p1)
Outlet steam enthalpy h2 = H2O_Enthalpy_t_p(t2,p2)
Entropy at steam inlet conditions (p1, t1) s1 = H2O_Entropy_t_p(t1;p1)
Entropy at steam outlet conditions (p2, t2) s2 = H2O_Entropy_t_p(t2 ;p2)
Entropy at pressure "p1", in saturated condition s1,sat = SaturSteam_Entropy_p(p1)
Temperature at pressure "p1", in saturated condition t1,sat = H2O_SaturationTemp_p(p1)
Saturated steam entropy at "p2" s2,sat = SaturSteam_Entropy_p(p2)
Saturated steam temperature at "p2" t2,sat = H2O_SaturationTemp_p(p2)
Temperature after isentalpic expansion (h1) to "p2" t1a = H2O_Temperature_p_h(p2;h1)

Feed water tank with saturated water at t3

Desuperheater water enthalpy (in feed water tank) h3 = SaturWater_Enthalpy_t(t3)
Pressure in feed water tank p3 = H2O_SaturationPressure_t(t3)
Water entropy in feed water tank s3 = SaturWater_Entropy_t(t3)

Feed water pump

Water entropy after pump, isentropic process s4o = s3
Isentropic outlet entalpy h4o = H2O_Enthalpy_p_s(p4,s4o)
Isentropic pump power demand: Dhs = h4o - h3
Real pump specific power demand
Water pump efficiency hp = Dh / Dhs
Specific power demand for the water compresion Dh = Dhs / hp

Properties of desuperheating water, at PRV inlet (state "4")

Water outlet enthalpy h4 = h3 + Dh
h3 =
Dh =
h4 = h3 + Dh
Water temperature at PRV inlet t4 = H2O_Temperature_p_h(p4,h4)

Energy balance Ein = Eout

Pump 3

4 p3, t3
mw

1
Steam 1a 2
PRV
ms p1, t1 h1, p2 p2, t2

ms * h1 + mw * h4 = ms *h2 + mw * h2
ms * (h1 - h2) = mw * (h2 - h4)
mw = ms * (h1 - h2) / (h2 - h4)

Let rh= (h1 - h2) / (h2 - h4)

h1 = ### kJ/kg
h2 = ### kJ/kg
h4 = ### kJ/kg
rh= ### -
thus
mw = ms * rh

Required water per 1 kg of HP steam mw,1 = ms1 * rh

ms1 = 1 kg s
rh= ### -
mw,1 = ### kg w / kg s

Water mass flow rate mw = ms * (h1 - h2) / (h2 - h4)

mw = ms * rh
ms = 75.0 ton h
ms = 20.83 kg/s
rh= ### -
mw = ms * rh
 mw = ### ton/h
mw = ### kg/s

Low pressure steam flow rate ms_LP = ms + mw

ms = 20.8 kg/s
mw = ### kg/s
ms_LP = ### kg/s
ms_LP = ### ton/h
 Pump
3
p3, t3
4 mw

Steam 1 1a 2
PRV
ms p1, t1 h1 , p2 p2, t2

t
500 Saturated vapor line
t1 = 450
400
t1a = ###
300 1sat
t1,sat = ###
200
t2 = 165
100 ###
t2,sat = 2sat

### kJ/kg 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
### kJ/kg
### kJ/(kg*K) T Process 1 - 1a: Isentalpic p
4
### kJ/(kg*K) t4 = ### reduction
4o
### kJ/(kg*K) Process 1a - 2: Cooling of s
### ºC t3 = 130.0 with water
### kJ/(kg*K) 3 Process 3 - 4: Water compr
### ºC Process 4 - 2 (not shown), i
### ºC heating and evaporation of
Saturated liquid line
cooling water flow mw.

### kJ/kg
### bar s3 = s4o s
### kJ/(kg*K) Pumping process

Pump shaft power

### kJ/(kg*K) (The pump is calculated in the same way as a compressor would have been)
### kJ/kg Pshaft = mw*Dh
### kJ/kg Feed water flow rate mw = ### kg/s
Specific power demand for the water c Dh = ### kJ/kg
0.74 - Pump shaft power Pshaft = mw*Dh
### kJ/kg Pshaft = ### kW

Electrical pump power PElec = Pshaft / hm

Pump shaft power Pshaft = ### kW
### Motor efficiency hm = 0.94 -
### Electrical pump power PElec = Pshaft /hm
### kJ/kg PElec = ### kW
### ºC

Pump power can also be calculated as: (the normal way)

Water specific volume at inlet v= SaturWater_SpecVolume_t(t3)
v= 0.00107 m3/kg
Water density rw = 1/v
rw = 934.6 kg/m3
Water mass flow rate mw = ms * (h1 - h2) / (h2 - h4)
mw = ### kg/s
Water volume flow rate Qw = m w / rw
Qw = ### m3 /s
Pump pressure increase Dp = p4 - p 3
Dp = ### bar
Desuperheater water pump efficiency hp = 0.74 -
Pump shaft power Pshaft = Qw*Dp/hp
Pshaft = ### kW
Motor efficiency hm = 0.94 -
Electrical pump power PElec = Pshaft / hm
PElec = ### kW
 Rev. cjc 01.06.2016

Feed water tank

with saturated water
at t3 ºC

p1

1
h1 = const 1a

1sat
p2

2sat

7 s

Process 1 - 1a: Isentalpic pressure

reduction
Process 1a - 2: Cooling of steam
with water
Process 3 - 4: Water compresion
Process 4 - 2 (not shown), is the
heating and evaporation of the
cooling water flow mw.
er_SpecVolume_t(t3)

- h2) / (h2 - h4)

Enthalpy and temperature change in a compression process for a given pressure incre

For a compression Thus

Pshaft = mw*Dh mw*Dh = Qw*Dp/hp
Pshaft = Qw*Dp/hp Qw*rw*Dh = Qw*Dp/hp
rw*Dh = Dp/hp
Dh = (Dp/rw)/hp

Application Pressure increment

Fluid: Water DP =
Pressure DP =
DP = 267 ft wc DP =
Water density DP =
rw = 998 kg/m³
Pump efficiency Enthalpy change
hp = 0.6 - Dh =
Water specific heat DP =
cp = 4.182 kJ/(kg * K) rw =
hp =
Dh =
g= 9.80665 m/s² Dh =
s for a given pressure increment
Rev. cjc 01.06.2016

Units
Dh = Dp/rw [Pa * m3/kg ] The actual change of enthalpy [J / kg] in a
[N/m2 * m3/kg ] compression process is equivalent to the
[N * m/kg ] pressure increment [Pa] divided by the
[J/kg ] density [kg / m3] and the efficiency.

Pressure increment
267 ft wc Power loss to the fluid
81 mwc DhLoss = Dh * (1-hp)
798,081 Pa Dh = 1.3 kJ/kg
8.0 bar hp = 0.6
DhLoss = 0.5 kJ/kg
Enthalpy change
(Dp/rw)/hp Fluid temperature increment
798,081 Pa Dh = cp * Dt
998 kg/m³ Dt = Dh / cp
0.6 Dh = 0.5 kJ/kg
1,333 J/kg cp = 4.182 kJ/(kg * K)
1.3 kJ/kg Dt = 0.13 K
Pressure loss in steam pipe Inside pipe diameter
di = Pipe_Imp_CS_Dint_dn_sch
Saturated steam at pressure "Pg", in a dn = 10
locality with a height above sea level "H". sch = STD
Carbon steel pipe with nominal diameter di = #VALUE!
"dn", schedule "sch" and absolute di = #VALUE!
rugosity "Rabs".
Steam mass flow rate "m". Pipe section area
Pipe equivalent length "Leq". A= (p/4)*di^2
di = #VALUE!
Pg = 8 bar (g) A= #VALUE!
H= 2300 m.s.n.m.
dn = 10 in Relative rugosit
sch = STD - Rrel = Rabs / di
Rabs = 0.01 mm Rabs = 0.01
m= 8 kg/s di = #VALUE!
Leq = 500 m Rrel = #VALUE!

Steam properties
Local atmospheric pressure Entropy
Patm = 101,325* (1 -2,25577E-5 * H)^5,25588 s= SaturSteam_Entropy_p(H7)
H= 2300 m.a.s.l. P= 8.77
patm = 76.6 kPa s= #VALUE!
patm = 0.77 bar
Temperature
Absolute pressure t= H2O_SaturationTemp_p(p)
P= patm + Pg p= 8.77
patm = 0.77 bar t= #VALUE!
Pg = 8 barg
P= 8.77 bar Specific volume
v= SaturSteam_SpecVolume_t
Note: Steamdat 97 is used [3] t= #VALUE!
v= #VALUE!

Note (1) According [2], for saturated steam with pressure in the range 1 to 7 bar (g),
the recommended velocity is in the range 10 to 38 m/s.
and the pressure drop in the range 0.11 to 0.34 bar / 100m
 Density Reynolds number
e_Imp_CS_Dint_dn_sch r= 1/v Re =
in v= #VALUE! m³/Kg v=
r= #VALUE! kg/m³ di =
mm n=
m Absolute viscosity Re =
m= SaturSteam_DynViscosity_t
t= #VALUE! ºC Friction factor
m= #VALUE! Pa s f=
m Rrel =
m² Kinematic viscosity Re =
n= m/r f=
m= #VALUE! Pa s
r= #VALUE! kg/m³ Unit pressure loss
mm n= #VALUE! m²/s J=
mm f=
- Volumetric flow rate di =
V= m/r hv =
m= 8 kg/s J=
r= #VALUE! kg/m³
urSteam_Entropy_p(H7) V= #VALUE! m³/s Pressure loss
bar DP =
kJ/(kg*K) Flow velocity (Note 1) J=
v= V/A J100m =
V= #VALUE! m³/s Leq =
O_SaturationTemp_p(p) A= #VALUE! m² DP =
bar v= #VALUE! m/s DP =
ºC #VALUE! DP =

Kinematic pressure Pressure loss per 100 m

urSteam_SpecVolume_t hv = r / 2 * v^2 DP100m =
ºC r= #VALUE! kg/m³ #VA
m³/Kg v= #VALUE! m/s
hv = #VALUE! Pa
 Rev. cjc 01.06.2016

eynolds number
v*d/n
#VALUE! m/s
#VALUE! m
#VALUE! m²/s
#VALUE! -

iction factor

#VALUE! -
#VALUE! -
#VALUE! -

nit pressure loss

f * (1 / di) * hv
#VALUE! -
#VALUE! m
#VALUE! Pa
#VALUE! Pa/m

essure loss
J * Leq
#VALUE! Pa/m
#VALUE! bar / 100 m
500 m
#VALUE! Pa
#VALUE! kPa
#VALUE! bar

essure loss per 100 m

#VALUE! bar / 100 m
#VALUE!
To get "Steamdat" directly from ÂF

I am pleased to announce that Steamdat is now online again at ÅF external webpage.

Please find the add-in with installation instructions at
http://www.afconsult.com/en/do-business/your-industry/process-industry/steam-and-water-program-excel-addin/
er-program-excel-addin/
http://www.watsonmcdaniel.com/2011Catalog/EngineeringData.pdf

Recommended velocities and pressure drops for

various services [2]
Service Velocity Pressure drops
m/s bar/100 m
Saturated steam
Vacuum 10 20 0.06 0.11
0 - 1.03 bar (g) 10 25 0.06 0.11
1.03 - 7 bar (g) 10 38 0.11 0.34
Over 7 bar (g) 10 46 0.11 0.45
Steam Main, Low noise 20 30
Steam Main, Industrial Plant 41 61
Superheated Steam
0 - 7 bar (g) 13 51 0.11 0.34
7 - 35 bar (g) 13 61 0.23 0.45
Condensate
Boiler feed pump suction 0.46 0.76
Condensate pump suction 0.46 0.91
Condensate pump discharge 0.91 2.29
Boiler feed pump discharge 1.22 3.05
Hot water (quiet flow)
Heating systems 1.22
Pump suction lines 0.30 2.44
Pump discharge lines 1.52 4.57
Cooling water systems 1.52 4.57

According [2], for saturated steam with pressure in the range 1 to 7 bar (g),
the recommended velocity is in the range 10 to 38 m/s.
and the pressure drop in the range 0.11 to 0.34 bar / 100m
Recommended velocities and pressure drops for
various services [2]
Service Velocity
ft/min
Saturated steam
Vacuum 2,000 4,000
0 - 15 psig 2,000 5,000
15 - 100 psig 2,000 7,500
Over 100 psig 2,000 9,000
Steam Main, Low noise 4,000 6,000
Steam Main, Industrial Plant 8,000 12,000
Superheated Steam
0- 100 psig 2,500 10,000
100 - 500 psig 2,500 12,000
Condensate ft/sec
Boiler feed pump suction 1.5 2.5
Condensate pump suction 1.5 3
Condensate pump discharge 3 7.5
Boiler feed pump discharge 4 10
Hot water (quiet flow) ft/sec
Heating systems 4
Pump suction lines 1 8
Pump discharge lines 5 15
Cooling water systems 5 15

1 ft/min = 0.00508 m/s 1 psi /100 ft = 0.06895

FtMin = 0.00508 1 psi /100 ft = 0.06895
1 ft/sec = 0.3048 1psi /100 ft = 0.00226
FtSec = 0.3048 1 psi /100 ft = 0.22621
PsiBar = 0.22621
ure drops for

Pressure drops
psi/100 ft

0.25 0.5
0.25 0.5
0.5 1.5
0.5 2

0.5 1.5
1 2

bar/100 ft
bar/30.48 m
bar/m
bar/100 m
[1] AFCONSULT
Nygaard Johan
Delin Lennart [mailto:[email protected]]

[2] Engineering Data

Watson McDaniel
http://www.watsonmcdaniel.com/2011Catalog/EngineeringData.pdf

[3] Link to download the steam functions:

www.piping-tools.net
Steam. Steamdat functions. Link to free download