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Zarya Rankova, Tsveta Moskova, Nesho Neshev, Mariyan Yanev, Georgi Dimitrov

This study evaluated the effects of different weed management approaches on weed infestation and growth of young peach trees. Six treatments were tested: two rates of the pre-emergent herbicide flumioxazin, a post-emergent herbicide combination, glyphosate, mechanical tillage, and an unweeded control. Results showed that flumioxazin effectively controlled weeds for 120 days with no damage to trees. Trees treated with the higher flumioxazin rate grew largest, indicating it is a good option for young peach orchards. Mechanical tillage suppressed weeds but not as long as herbicides. The study demonstrates the importance of weed control for young tree growth.

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Mirko Petrić
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37 views

Zarya Rankova, Tsveta Moskova, Nesho Neshev, Mariyan Yanev, Georgi Dimitrov

This study evaluated the effects of different weed management approaches on weed infestation and growth of young peach trees. Six treatments were tested: two rates of the pre-emergent herbicide flumioxazin, a post-emergent herbicide combination, glyphosate, mechanical tillage, and an unweeded control. Results showed that flumioxazin effectively controlled weeds for 120 days with no damage to trees. Trees treated with the higher flumioxazin rate grew largest, indicating it is a good option for young peach orchards. Mechanical tillage suppressed weeds but not as long as herbicides. The study demonstrates the importance of weed control for young tree growth.

Uploaded by

Mirko Petrić
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EFFECT OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO SOIL SURFACE MAINTENANCE

ON WEED INFESTATION AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF YOUNG


PEACH ORCHARD
Zarya Rankova1*, Tsveta Moskova2, Nesho Neshev3, Mariyan Yanev3, Georgi Dimitrov2
1Fruit Growing Institute, Plovdiv, Bulgaria, [email protected]
2University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria; 3Agricultural University, Plovdiv

INTRODUCTION MATERIAL AND METHODS


Maintenance of soil surface for weed control in young orchards is an The study was conducted in 2020 – 2022 in a young peach plantation on the
important agrotechnical and plant protection practice that largely territory of the Fruit-Growing Institute – Plovdiv. The object of the study was
determines the successful cultivation of trees in the first years of the Redhaven cultivar grafted on the vegetative rootstock GF 677. The following
establishment of an orchard. The choice of the appropriate approach to variants for maintaining the soil surface were implemented: 1. Flumioxazin –
weed control is determined by a number of factors – cultivar/rootstock Pledge 50 WP (200 g/ha); 2. Flumioxazin – Pledge 50 WP (400 g/ha); 3. Foliar
combination, climatic characteristics, choosing the selective herbicides, etc. treatment with the herbicide combination flumioxazin + quizalofop-ethyl –
Young fruit species in the first few years after the establishment of the Pledge 50 WP (200 g/ha) + Targa Super 5 EC (2,0 l/ha); 4. Foliar treatment with
plantation are highly susceptible both to the competitive effect of weeds and
glyphosate – NASA 360 EC (5,0 l/ha); 5. Mechanized tillage; 6. Control
to the application of herbicides. The aim of the present study was to
/unweeded, untreated/. The soil application of the herbicide flumioxazin was
investigate the effect of different weed management approaches on weed
carried out early in spring, before the vegetation season, and the foliar
infestation and growth performance in a young peach orchard with a view to
optimize the integrated weed control systems. herbicides and herbicide combinations (Var. 3 and 4) – after the emergence of
the weeds. The results were analysed using the dispersion analysis method.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION


During the study period, 21 weed species were found in the experimental peach plantation: Senecio vulgaris L.; Sonchus oleracea L.; Matricaria chamomilla L.;
Capsella bursa-pastoris L.; Galinsoga parviflora L.; Polygonum aviculare L.; Chenopodium album L.; Lamium amplexicaule L.; Veronica hederifolia L.; Bromus
arvensis L.; Stellaria media L.; Solanum nigrum L.; Papaver rhоeas L.; Lactuca serriola L.; Portulaca oleracea L.; Amaranthus retroflexus L.; Erigeron canadensis
L.; Xanthium strumarium L.; Tribulus terrestris L.; Sonchus asper L.; Atriplex paluta L. The established weed species form a typical arable weed community,
which is characteristic of young orchards grown at a high level of applied agrotechnical practices. The main representatives in that type of weed community are
annual weed species, mainly from the biological groups of early-spring, late-spring and ephemeral species. The dynamics of biological diversity of the species is
determined by the natural development of the species during the vegetation period and by the applied weed control approaches – chemical and non-chemical
(mechanized tillage).

Table 1. Total number of weeds on average in 1 m 2 and weight of a plant /g/ by Table 2. Total number of weeds on average in 1 m2 and weight of a Table 3. Total number of weeds on average in 1 m2 and weight of a
variants, in dynamics on the 30th, 60th, 90th and 120th day, 2020 plant /g/ by variants, in dynamics on the 30th, 60th, 90th day, 2021 plant /g/ by variants, in dynamics on the 30th, 60th, 90th day, 2022
30th day 60th day 90th day 120th day 30th day 60th day 90th day 30th day 60th day 90th day
VARIANTS Average Weight Average Weight Average Weight Average Weight VARIANTS Average Weight Average Weight Average Weight VARIANTS Average Weight Average Weight Average Weight
No./m2 /g/ No./m2 /g/ No./m2 /g/ No./m2 /g/ No./m2 /g/ No./m2 /g/ No./m2 /g/ No./m2 /g/ No./m2 /g/ No./m2 /g/
V1 1,3 56,4 0,3 11,8 0 0 124 8 V1 0 0 0 0 0 0 V1 0 0 0 0 0 0
V2 1,7 9 0,3 40,3 0 0 67 3,8 V2 0 0 0 0 0 0 V2 0 0 0 0 0 0
V3 0 0 1 1,1 0 0 147 3,9 V3 0 0 0 0 0 0 V3 0 0 0 0 0 0
V4 0 0 12,4 19,7 3 18,9 9,5 40,1 V4 0 0 0 0 0 0 V4 0 0 0 0 0 0
V5 28,8 26,1 132,5 10,7 47,6 341,4 14,5 186,3 V5 0,6 3,3 73 2,5 20 9,5 V5 0 0 40,0 13,8 24,0 16,6
Control 26,5 115,8 15,6 58,4 1,7 220,8 12,5 14,5 Control 8 11,8 22,5 141,1 5,3 92,9 Control 0 0 19,0 23,7 78,0 5,1

n.s.

CONCLUSIONS
The applied herbicides achieved a very good control of the weed community in the row strip of the
plantation. The period of effective herbicidal post-effect of the active substance flumioxazin was
about 120 days (4 months). The efficient weed control during the first months of the vegetation
season is an important and necessary condition for the development of the young trees as it
successfully removes the competition between weeds and fruit trees in terms of the vegetation
factors.
No visual symptoms of phytotoxicity were observed in the trees after the application of the
studied herbicides and rates. The plants treated with flumioxazin – Pledge 50 WP – 400 g/ha had
the highest values of the biometric characteristics, which gives reason to recommend it for
application in young peach plantations.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The present study was financed by the Scientific Research Fund of the Ministry of Education and Science – Bulgaria, under project KP-06-Н36/6 – 2019, entitled: ‘INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS FOR
PROTECTING PLANT HEALTH AND PRODUCING HIGH QUALITY AND HEALTHY FRUITS’.

V Balkan Symposium on Fruit Growing, Zagreb, Croatia, June 18-21, 2023

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