“Rynetiow” Funedion? Let % oma Y be two non emplgy neta. Then a function Ff {rom X to Y. denoted oy fixe 1 in connenrpondence bg which each element of X correrpondr to Unique élement of Y¥ fye — > Example’ we oO. NS 4 Here £ in a Function Trom X% to ¥ - Oornan: Let X and Y be two retry ond € be ao function trom ¥ to Y. Then the clemert of K inh called the domain of the Varnction .>The element of Y in called tue 05 derrair of Ahe function al hehe ta Ronge i 1Y T(e=-¢4 g in ealled dhe value of ff ot £&. The vet of all values of £ tn called dhe. range of the furction Even function: A function ip called an even fuvction if dhe Ffurction doer not change eign wrth the Change of rign of dhe vaniable ne FF £02) =F) then fis on ever function Ezearnple* M fcxe) = Core o £E x= Corl 2&)= cone =f Cx) CD £ Ce) - ae? REx): bays et = few)Odd Furction ¢ A function ip paid le be edd Ut +4 Chonger nigy wilh the cbhowge of nigh of Ave variable. ce Uf #2-fle)d.L jy catled on odd function Erovaple s (i) (ra) - a? rR De Cate #2 Le) Meee). nine 1 LG De nin’ Be -aines f(x) Conant Function? Let 1x4 be o function, Aer € jn called 0 covslowt fuvetion if dre rorge of Lf conrints of @ ringle elemerd. Feomplet fee) -5 ia Soyo (5 PD: 5 ay Hence ff in 0 aorsonl furedion. One. one Lunctiont let Frr—Y to bea Puvetion. they Lt» called a one-one function if adb implierA thot flO #¢L Cb). eomple! Eecomplet praa) - 20? FOID= | and 23. iHere (42 implied thal PEC). There fore (te) in one-one funedion | Onto Funedion? Lel ( be a Lunction {rom A Ao B Then the range £CA) of the furcdion (in a pulse: of Bo thed in HMDEB.7E FCA B- ce if every 4 member of B appears an rhe Imoge of of tea! ¢ (one element of A. Then we og f ir am owlo function. | Eeomple* ‘ 4 ‘ ‘ ‘ y Here £ in onto function. (() & Draw the graph of the following Luretironand when x40 | and range of the above Cunction Selud iont We have, FC) = ic » e6 ~B, xoHere (42 tmpllen dhet POD#EO). Therefore tx) ip one-one funedion Dude Fanediont Led (he a function (tom A do @ Then the ronge £CA) of dhe Luvedion 1 ia e@ pukoc | of Bo dhot in FMICB.TE VoAD BL ce re every o member of GB appears an dhe iIMmegBe of ofA leaal * one element of A Then we oq f ir on owlo function Examples . 2 . . : Here fT in oto function ‘ Draw the graph of the following Purctlonands (nd dhe domain « (ee) = + when 2>0 -% when 240 and rar ge of the obove Cunction Solutions we hae, fC® = is » BO “ ‘ « « « « c ‘ ‘ t i. —~B®, LLO Jwe con Vornm Abe dollowing lobtent #0 BLO / lel tfols|4 fe[-i] 21.4) 4) att ia tala | tial Y elo | [rr | / a rook . | “yy! Now Op = (--6.0)VL0.0)- Cmo.me)- fo} Pe > (0,0) Problem? Drow the groph of dhe Cyitou "3 ee ae ele ¢ unetionn {Cxe). ll }cr ) . Pex). IL and (ind the demais 1 . ond Rowga of the avoove Junedig vSolution’ We hove K Fe) = Jet “(e" when 20 | =e when 240 we con form the Following table: le] | 2 13 [4 F -2 (fart ye tet) fetes | 2)o0 | x Now, | De =-(O0 VU (-2 o)= (- oo) - jo} Re = {4if @ [eoble ms Onow lhe | funedion (x)= greph of Ake following, oj \ 2eAG, ~- 92 %240 ° 6, O 2 who ( Qe G,. 2s 4H jard Cind the domain and range of the fareti | Zeletior tWe hove. Cx) = Q2eAG - 4040 6 — oA K2 De-b. 222256 we can faem Ave - DA#< following doable: oO. 0k eK 2 nee 25 off ak |B ities ©Dp = [- 2.0) UG. Ul28) -[-3 5] Pr "lo Gu soot 2, “| [264 Problem? Drow the graph far tlhe furedion et 4 TO)" 25 ‘ Solution! We hove. eg. (e462) (2 2 = 4 PCs Se Here dhe fuvedion in undentired at 2-2 we con form dhe Following dobte: te 21 fol: 1a) . Tg oft fz fa i5 | and find IA domain and nonge(IEA IC Limit al” o Jonelion s A fuvelion (00) in nota to ) hove o Lint Wo ond wx ends to ‘a? Uf fore every Pporitive number +0 we con determine © omotkers Amel! poritive number 3d0 Cdepenaing on &) rxuchk Ihot [| fx) Xd (2G Tore al) valuey of 2 pParintying OL |w- O14 8 on o- SAR Xo4 5 and Win denoled by byw y tS xv ® f : d = EB RH 2 Rigk\ Hand himit LOLs | ef] Hond Limit RHLEA function {(2) iP Aaid to havea RAUL hy ond x#@ terdy jo a if for every Ponitive number ©)0, we con determine anothen pmall positive number § 0 (depending on GS puck dhat [Pom- hil O Auch another Amal! ponitive 1 that [fcx)-loa|<& For. al! yoluer ot 2 natinfying dhe nelotion o paid Lik eoent iP LH be PHL ) Prob”? A function Fle 1s defined an Lollo WAS ze «= Wwhen RYO tle) = oO when 220 - oe when weKkO DoeX Lim F Cee At pore ) existSS Given dhe Punedion is Pox) Se. eo Oo x0 x, 2&0 abl = lim ~ ~ Ace) = Li + @): RO erg © RO 8 RAY -Lli i Rul “yoo! Cx) = Limy sot CBO Since |-H1L-RUL, the dimid exiAt and Lim > R>O Fla) =0 @! Prob: A Punetion G¢e> is de{ined ar MLollown dbce)- (> when x4! QB when #20 our, wher ey | Does Lim xl Ole exist? Solutions We have gia) = \a x4! fan, 2 =0 ( w42. 27 |EE LE IEG SSO THUY ee & & © & de LHL © Qin AQHLER Sinee LHL AR UL II Solutions Exponding Cia" Dew r= dim we = CNY" I eT we-> | im a | : Pria2ry- (422% gery jt AED = dim yl as im acs doer wot exivsl eo . Vee m Ct x) = e+ 0 4) Beeb: Prove thet Zwith a binomic! theorem we have- 5 | Cee, de Oe DF. Vee \ + Ea 8 C1 e)"*s [Ie LD , . ClO Cl? 20D q jiats = + L? § Now Lm oy Ct. = J | uN KO (2) = I etc / Me 4 ey Che Clr 2), Him nin deny a e [41a fete oe a ltdrtdeage e! o jim Vee _ . Po poo CUE = C fRoved) SoreAY sob™ Lim es hog Cte vyt od Prove that - BOO Ld so leation ¢ oo yl, tog Ctr >] \ = kim tog (xed | ® 7 1M sO {tea ( 4 ae j - bog } Ams, Cia f - Loge at : (Proved) B) Prob™: , dthatoy? set rin Cif) (B) Pre Prove at rf M90 sink rc O Soludiont ~ ym aw? AinCk) BO Nine We have [ain bl < | “Slaw ain-k | < jel->O asx—-o So dim Brink -6 2-0 oe Lim zt ain(d) , xvod ——- 20 sine Nvroved ) teh eet SOS TT EEOC OHATOHO OCHO ees @eeceeccecce(A) Peob™: Lim id dog Cla 24 =) . Prove tha | w~-70 Solution: Aim | +b f 4p tog Cta 93 = Ae (to (usd }® = Log , 2 Lo Cire f = hog e ad _( Proved) Lain Cl : ae Ain fee) 7 @ Prob”: Prove that rLim | e276 Dine [Solutions | My ge? AinCk) | LO pine | | Wwe have, [ain bl < | =S [wain-+e | < jel—>O0 axxo fo dir ening -6 2-30 0 vo bm xt vind a ater O xt ninCa) 20 AM Provedee ee ee ~ ontinuty Continertys Ao function FO) 1% Naid +o be Continuous Te w2- a provided im (ed ex ere in Piwite ond is equal de food. Tn other words for Frx) 1o be continuous al wa Lim few) = Lm Fore. fw) ce >" Bro RUHL LAL = Furnetional value - (1) Fwamples A fawvetion Sew) in dered ar fall cx - (St28 -S. 20220 B22, 0 LeLi%M% Show that fle) ip contnuoun at wso Solution: We have, Cm) = i "2 Leto B28. OLpes 2 Slee itm : j Se C3) Linw Bt2x) 3 Ze , ° sho es . oo R AY ot Oe) - Lim o (2-2).Tunedionel value (fv) when wo i dhew P(e) 2 94 2 | LP C09? 340% % | Since pk Rebh be FLY fi Ceo in Comlinuous, {|- 1 Cer - \B42e, 32x20 2, 3-28 , OL 4% Ahow that (C2) is aowtinuourn at #229 and UE | | | ; dip continuous gt eo 4 | Solutions we have, Ble) = © 441202, - 2 Leo a 3 / O- 2, ORBLE | sam 0g | (eb AL a (ae 2%) = 34023 “70 _ Fcx2) 2 dim +0 oe I, RL 2 Lime so! Moe) 2 dite 8 (3 228)= 3-0-7 [ —Fiv. when R=0,dhen fod- 4- 9.0 - 4 Since LULL = PUL = FY, fled in Continuous at @cx%) =o Again, L.WL = him P(e) = Lim (9-22) =3-24-6 ea a ae 3% R. HL = Lim fx) = Aim (-3-22)=-3-23- Fe when 2-4 dev £04). 4.0.3 2-6 Since LHL ARHL=F.Y Pe in AiAcontwnuou od Bes Proved Friclemt A fuvction O62) in defined On follown $c) = ( vet, we) ae | wei42 e)>) Show thet 62) in wot Qo WTinuoun af ae =|olutions Et = Aim pees tim ete | = el xeor R.WL = Am oy a Fcdehim (00242) > (422% Fu when @2=l, we have ftw)= 2.55 FOO=25 Since Le LF RW L EF Y. OC) ID nod Comtives a wel Proved —