Toplewiso— EY sissaes prass ; (We gage Term Board | QUESTION] 25 BANK L Mathematics (Standard) g “\ 300+ GE ae ) ay } age sit, \ esi fe Tr OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS oe ae 2022888E Self Assessment =No part of this book may be reproduc copied in any form or by any means wit © the written permission of the publish al © The publishers have taken all pos Rights precautions in publishing this book, yet if a1 Reserved mistake has creptin, the publishers shall not be responsible for the same. ; : © All disputes shall be subject to the jurisdiction _ of court at Delhi only. PUBLISHED BY SHIV DAS & SONS Qa. C-8, Sector 6, Noida _dtks». Uttar Pradesh-201 301, India +91-9910055604, 7840040400 0120-4197490, 4305480 [email protected] + www.shivdas.in Trade contact: [email protected] perpen teen Printed at: First Impression Corporate Services Pvt. Ltd., E-114, Sector-63 Noida, Uttar Pradesh-201301 iany updates Puente ante ants Pandemic, we will ake: elias updates for free with the help i we : FREE DOWNLOADS eRe aeroLatest Syllabus Issued by CBSE 5 (i Chapterwise CBSE Examination Questions Chapter4 Quadratic Equations SUBJECTIVE Topicwise Question Bank (Q & A) oe M-1 Case Based Questions se M19 | Chapter5 Arithmetic Progressions 1 SUBJECTIVE Topicwise Question Bank (Q & A) a Mado] Case Based Questions oe M-44 j Chapter9 Some Applications of Trigonometry } SUBJECTIVE Topicwise Question Bank (Q & A) ss MBI | Case Based Questions = Mes “Chapter 10 Circles 1 SUBJECTIVE Topicwise Question Bank (Q & A) ao MIs | Case Based Questions ue M90 | Chapter 11 Constructions | SUBJECTIVE Topicwise Question Bank (Q & A) M-98 Case Based Questions M-109 Chapter 13 Surface Areas and Volumes | SUBJECTIVE Topicwise Question Bank (Q & A) / M113 | Case Based Questions M-133 Chapter 14 Statistics SUBJECTIVE Topicwise Question Bank (Q & A) . M-142 1 Case Based Questions CBSE Sample Question Paper (January 2022) .Ce NEW PATTERN fo} CBSE BOARD EXAM 2021-22 Fo) — enc ORE REE (CBSE Circular no. Acad-51/2021) dated 5" July, 2021 TERM-II 50% Syllabus for March-April 2022 Questions Types (2 Hours) ea] } BLO TS StL ty ™» Exam will be conducted at the examination centers fixed by the Board. > In case of adverse situation, TERM-II will be 90 minutes MCQ. ® TERM-II marks will add to the final result. Internal Assessment > eeeuse 3 Periodic Tests Student Enrichment Portfolio Practical Speaking listening activities Projects aeeeae ®ie Latest Syllabus tissued ny ease cath july 2020 MATHEMATICS (041) TERM-II (2021-22) COURSE STRUCTURE—CLASS X Units Unit Name ‘Marks ig Algebra (Cont.) 10 IL. Geometry (Cont.) _ 09 UL _| Trigonometry (Cont.) 07 =] TV.__| Mensuration (Cont) 06 | V.___| Statistics & Probability (Cont.) 08 __ | | Total 40 [internal Assessment : 10 LC Total - - 50 UNIT I: ALGEBRA 1. Quadratic Equations (10 Periods) Standard form of a quadratic equation ax? + bx + ¢ = 0, (a # 0). Solutions of quadratic equations (only real roots) by factorization, and by using quadratic formula. Relationship between discriminant and nature of roots. Situational problems based on quadratic equations related to day to day activities (problems on equations reducible to quadratic equations are excluded) 2. Arithmetic Progressions Motivation for studying Arithmetic Progression Derivation of the nt" term and sum of the first n terms of A.P. and their application in solving daily life problems (Applications based on sum to 1 terms of an A.P. are excluded) UNIT II: GEOMETRY 3. Circles Tangent to a circle at point of contact. 1, (Prove) The tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact. 2, (Prove) The lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal. e4. Construstions 1. Division of a line segment in a given ratio (internally). 2. Tangents to a circle from a point outside it. UNIT Ill: TRIGONOMETRY 5. Some Applications of Trigonometry HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES-Angle of elevation, Angle of Depression. Simple problems on heights and distances. Problems should not involve more than two right triangles. Angles of elevation / depression should be only 30°, 45°, 60°. UNIT IV: MENSURATION 6. Surface Areas and Volumes 1. Surface areas and volumes of combinations of any two of the following: cubes, cuboids, spheres, hemispheres and right circular cylinders/cones. 2. Problems m-involving converting one type of metallic solid into another and other mixed problems. (Problems with combination of not more than two different solids be taken). UNIT V: STATISTICS & PROBABILITY 7. Statistics: Mean, median and mode of grouped data (bimodal situation to be avoided). Mean by Direct Method and Assumed Mean Method only. Internal Assessment Marks Total Marks Periodic Tests 03, Multiple Assessments Q Portfolio 2] 10-marks for the term Student Enrichment Activities—Practical 03 work aetteChapter: 4 Quadratic Equations © A quadratic polynomial of the form ax? + bx + ¢, where a x 0.and a,b, c are real numbers, is called a quadratic equation when ax? + bx + c= 0. Here a and b are the coefficients of x2 and x respectively and ‘c’ is a constant term. | © Any value is a solution of a quadratic equation if and only if it satisfies the quadratic equation. = Quadratic formula: The roots, ie, ct and B of a quadratic equation ax? + bx + c= 0 are given by The roots are Real and Equal, + fD>0 = The two roots are Real and Unequal. *IfD <0 = NoReal roots exis. © If cand B are the roots of the quadratic equation, then quadratic equation is x= (a+ f)x+ ap=0 Or x2 ~ (sum of roots) x + product of roots = 0 or Coefficient of x where/Sum of wots (a* B)* Coeficient of Constant term _ ¢ Product of roots (0 * B) = Coefficient of x2 @ eoeeees Topicwise cise i ed Roots of Quadratic Equations CATEGORY I (2 Maxho) 4. If 1 is a root of the equations ay? + ay +3 = 0 and y? + y + b= 0, then find the value of ab. 20120) ifx= ~1, isa solution of the quadratic equation 3x2 + 2kx ~ 3 = 0, find the value of k. (2015D) If the quadratic equation px? - 2/5 px + 15 =0 hhas two equal roots, then find the value of p. | (20150D) Find the roots of the equation: x2 3x ~ mt (m + 3) = 0, where m is a constant. Solve for x: 3632 - 12ax + (a? - 4) = 0 (201100) Solve the following quadratic equation for x 43x? + 5x23 =0 0130) 7. Solve the following for x: Vix? +7x+5¥2=0 — (20130D, 2017D) (3 Maxho) & Solve the quadratic equation 2x? + ax - a? = 0 for x. (2014) Solve the following quadratic equation for x: 4x2 — ax + (at — 14) = 0. 2015D) 10. Solve the following quadratic equation for x: 9:2 - 6b?x - (at - BF) =0 @015D) 1. Solve the following quadratic equation for x: 4x2 + dbx ~ (a2 - B= 0 (201500) 12, Solve the following quadratic equation for x: 3 2ax - (4b? - a? (20150D) 13, Find the roots of the following quadratic equation: | 23x? ~ 5x + V3 =0 (2011D) 14. Solve for x: (20150) “B2- 2V2e- 213 =0 15, Solve for x: _ 22 + 68x ~ 60=0 201500) 16. If x = } and x = -3 are roots of the quadratic equation ax? + 7x + b= 0, find the values of a and b. (2016D) 17. Find the value of p, for which one root of the quadratic equation px? - 14x + 8 = 0 is 6 times | the other. 201700) | Shiv Bas Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) Question Bank (Q & A) (2 Marks) 1. a + ay +3=0 wry tb=0 ay+at)+3=0] 2+1+b=0 2a=-3 be-2 ) 2 (| ab -( 3) (2)=3 {From () and (i) 9. The given quadratic equation can be written as, 3x2 + 2k - 3 = 0 . The given quadratic equation can be written as px - 2V5px +15 =0 Here a= p, 25 p, For equal roots, D D=B-dac=0 Bpf -4x px 15 - 6p 15 2092 = 60p p=3 P= 20p =3 22 -3x—m(m +3) =0 = dae D = 3)? 4(1) -m (m+ 3)1 944m (mn +3) = An? + Lam + (2m + 3)? £(2m+3) sx =m4+30or-m We have, 362? - 12ar + (a? ~ (36x? - 12ax + a) - b (62)? ~ 2(62)(@) + (@] - B= 0 (6x- a)? =F =0 fe t= day + P= (ey * (6x - a + b) (6x - 0 B=0 Yuu 6x-a+b=0 thee ér=0-b “6 oy uChapter 4: Quadratic Equations 6. 43x? + 5x-2V3 =0 => 4V3x2 + 8x - 31-23 =0 = ax(vBx+2)- B(3x42)=0 = (v3x+2) (4x v3) =0 > Vxt2=0 or N22 + 7x + SVE 2 = Vh2+ br + 2e+5V2 =0 = x(¥2x +5) +V2(V2x+5)=0 = (V2x4+5). (r+ ¥2)=0 = Vvixt+ or x+ V2=0 Qixe-5 or x=-v2 or x= V3 (3 Marko) 8, We have, 2:2 + ax -a@=0 10. 1 = 2x2 + Dax - ax - a= 0 = 2x(x a) - a(x +a) =0 = (+a Qr-a=0 = xta=0 or rea or Alternatively: First calculate D ‘Then apply x We get x= -a, x= ). The given quadratic equation can be written as, a2 - dx + (BY) = 0 (42 42x + a!) b= 0 or Qr-aP- =O Qx- 02 +B) Qr-at-#) =0 Qx-@ +120 of Qr- =e xe 5 or uu The given quadratic equation can be written as_| (0x2 = 6b + Vat = 0 = Gr -HP- (@P=0 3 Gr- P+) Gr- R02 Iv 28-2 = Gy) @y) = 3x-R+@=0 or 3r-H-at=0 = bxy=R-@ oot aera =x or = Bee Bed The given quadratic equation can be written as Ad + Abe + R= 2. 13. 14. (ie => (2x + bP - (a? =0 S Grtbra Gr tba <0 fe-P= (e+ ie-y) => (x+b+a)=0 or (rt b-a)=0 2r=-a+t) or 2x=(a-b) art) = (a8) 40 gp xe Hence solution for x = ~@5%),@50) Given quadratic equation can be written as 2? - Dax - 4b? + a (2 = 2ax + 02) ~ 40 or (x a? - (25)2= 0 As we know, [a? - b? = (a + b)(a~ b)] (c-a+ 28) (x -a- 28) =0 3 r-a+2=0 or x-a-2b=0 = x=a-2 or_xsa+2b = x=a-2bandx=a+2b 0 We have, 23.22 - 5x + V3 =0 _ Here,a=2y3, b= -5, = D = 8 4ac (5)? - 4 (2V3)(v3) + Roots are: x= “8 andx = 8 The given quadratic equation can be written as Vix? ~2VBx-2N3 = 0 Here, a= VB, 6= -22,¢ D=B-4ac = (-2V2)' -4x3(-2v3) => 4x248X3=8 +2432 = JD =42 238 ‘As we know, ey15. 16. 17. Given equation can be written as 2x2 + 3./3x - 30) =0 22435-3050 Here,a=1, b=3¥3, c= ~-30 De® dae = (GV3)2-4 «1 « (30) 27 + 120= 147 x= 2D ore BON ins 2x1 ~ 2 38178 5 z = x= -513 and 213 We have, ax? +7x +b =0 Here‘d =a, ‘b’ =7, Now, a= 2 and B=-3 [Given Sum of roots = =? | Product of roots = £ = @+p-2 | = @xp=! 2 7 2 ° = 209 = 2xqyet = 2-2 ==) trom = 2=3..From@| => | a=3,b=-6 | Given. pr? - 14x + 8 Herea=p b=-14 Let roots be @ and 6a. Sum of roots, Product of roots, (oa = £ 0 {From (9 = Bp = 2Ap => 8p? - 24p = 0 = Bp -3)=0 Shiv Bas Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) excise 42 = 8p=0 orp- = p=0 orp But p #0 coefficient of x? #0 Nature of Roots (2 Maxho) 18. Find the value of p so that the quadratic equation px(x - 3) + 9 = 0 has two equal roots. @011D, 201400) 19, Find the value of m so that the quadratic 21. equation mx (x~7) + 49 = O has two equal roots, (20110D) Find the value(s) of k so that the quadratic equation x2 - dkx + k = 0 has equal roots. 2012D) Find the value of k for which the equation x2 + KQx + k~ 1) +2-= 0 has real and equal roots. 2017) Find the values of p for which the quadratic equation 4x? + pr +3 = 0 has equal roots. (201400) Find the value(s) of k so that the quadratic equation 2x? + kx +3 = 0 has equal roots. (2012D) Find the value of m for which the roots of the equation. ‘mx (6x + 10) + 25 =0, are equal. (201200) For what value of k, the roots of the quadratic quation kx(x ~ 2/5) + 10 = 0, are equal? (20130) (3 Maxhs ) 26. For what values of k, the roots of the quadratic 27, 29, equation (k + 4)32 + (k + 1)x +1 = 0 are equal? (2013D) For what value of k, are the roots of the quadratic equation: (201300) (k= 12)2 + 2(k - 12) + 2 = 0 equal? For what value of k, are the roots of the ‘quadratic equation: y+ =2(k+ Dy equal? (201300) Find that non-zero value of k, for which the quadratic equation kx? +1 - 2(k - 1)x +47 = 0 hhas equal roots. Hence find the roots of the equation. (2015D) Find that value of p for which the quadratic equation (p + 1x? - 6lp + yx +3 (p + 9) = 0, p#-1 had equal roots, 20150)Chapter 4: Quadratic Equations 31. If the roots of the quadratic equation (a ~ b)x2 + (b~ x + (c - a) = 0 are equal, prove that 2a=bte. (201600) If -5 is a root of the quadratic equation 2x2 + pr ~ 15 = 0 and the quadratic equation pQ? +x) + k=0 has equal roots, find the value of k (20160) 33. Find the values of k for which the quadratic equation (k + 1)x? + 2(k + 1)x #1 =O has equal roots. Also find the roots. (20140) 34, Find the value of p for which the quadratic equa tion (2p + 1x - (7p +2)x + %p ~3) = O has equal roots. Also find these roots. (20140) SOLUTIONS 4.2 (2 Marko) 18. We have, px (r-3) +9=0 px? - 3px +9=0 Here a= p, D=o w-4ac=0 > Cyr £0 0- o = 9p" - 36p = 0 = %=0 p=0 (rejected) p=a We have, mx (x ~ mx? — 7m +49 Here, a= m, D=B-4ar=0 (Cam)? — 4¢m) 49) = 0 49m? ~ 4m (49) = 0 49m (mm - 4) =0 49m = 0 or m= 0 (rejected) or m = or or : Coeff. 19. 7+49=0 c=49 [For equal roots b=-7m, As b - dac = 0 (4) (= 16k? - 4k = 0 4k=0 . Wehave, 2+ Kx += 1) +2=0 y+ ke +P -k+2=0 Herea=1, b=, c=R-k+2 ‘eal and equal roots oP dac=0 = QKPR-4 x 102 -k+2)= = Me 4Q2 +2) = 3 AR-R+k-2)=0 > Ak-2)=0 = k-2=0 ke? 22, Given: 4x? + px +3 Herea=4, b=p, D= 0 (Equal roots) As BP ~ 4a (PP? - 4G) = 0 = p-48=0 > 23, Given: 2x? + kx +3 Herea=2, b=k, D=0 As dae = 0 24-0 k= \2R2x6 = 24. We have, ma(6x + 10) + 25 = 0 Ginx? + 10mx + 25 = 0 Herea=6m, b= 10m, c= 25 D=0 «Since roots are equal Pde = 0 “ (10m)2 ~ 4(6m) (25) = 0 100m? — 600m = 0 100m (m - 6) = 0 100m = 0 or m-6=0 m=0 or m=6 [Rejecting m = 0, as coeff. of x? cannot be zero We have, kx(x- 25) +10=0 kx? -2/5 kx +10=0 peas ANTOXS = £45 en3 [Since roots are equal #4010) “0 =m or Herea=k, b= -2V5k, c= 10 D=0 + Roots are equal As B= 4ac=0 2 (2y5K)2-4(K)(10) = 0 (3 Manho) 26, We have, (k +4) 32+ +1) x+1=0 Here,a=k+4, b=k+1, c= D=0 ‘nf's Roots are equal #2 dae =0 2 (k+1)?= 4+ 4)(0 B+ 2k+1—dk 1 K2-2k-15=0 K2-5k + 3k-15=0 K(k 5) + 3(k~5) (&-5)(k +3) k-5=0 or -k+3=0 5 or k=-3 © k=Sand-3Gs 27. 29. 30. We have, (k - 12)32 + 2(k - 12)x + 2=0 The given quadratic equation will have equal roots ifD=0 =» b-4ac=0 Herea=(k-12, b= 2k-12), c=2 = 4ac = = A= 122 -4* 12) x2=0 > «- aaa: 12)-4*2]=0 > (k-12) 4k - 12-2] =0 > 4-12) (k-14) 4(k -12)(k- 14) = 0 k= 12 (rejected) or k= 14 But k cannot be equal to 12 because in that case the given equation will imply 2= 0 which is not cask --fRoots are equal 0 [2k + NP = 4% @) x @ <0 4(@ + 2k +1) - 42 4 + 8k + 4-42 =0 &+4=0 &k=-4 The given quadratic equation can be written as ka? + x2 ~ 2(k- Ie +1 =0 (k+ 1) 22-2 -1xt1=0 @ Here, a= (k +1), c= For equal roots, D = 0 D= tt aac = [-2k-DP-4% +1) x1=0 = 4k - 17 - 4k +1) =0 = Ml +4 ~ 8k - 4k-4 = 0 SMO 1k=0 0 = iG -3)=0 or = 0 (rejected) Putting k = 3 put in equation (), we get 4x2 - art 1= 42 -2r- 2 +1=0 = 2x(2e- 1) -1@r- 1) #0 3 Qr-1)@r-1)=0 = 2y-1=0 oo =t o1 =i axes 7 3 1 ang Roots are 3 and }. For the given quadratic equation to have equal roots, D Herea=(p +1), b=-6p+1), c=3~+9) D= 0 dac = L6p+ DP - 4p +1).3—7+9=0 = 36(p +1? - 12 +1) (p+) =0 Shivlas Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) 129 +1) Bp +3-p-9] = 12 + )Qp-6) =0 249 +p -3)= pti-0 [Roots are equal = b-oF- = B+ 2- 2he- Alac - a ~ be + ab) = 0 = B+ 2~2be~ doc + 4 + Abe ~ dab = 0 Aa - Ye - a) = 0 M2 + + 2 hah + Db ~ A = (-2a? + (b)? + (©)? + 2(-2a)() + 20)(0) + 20- + @P=0 wl 24 yt 22 + Day + dys + dee = ety +2)? Taking square-root on both sides 22) = 0 = [(-22) + a+b+c=0 3 bte=2a 2a=bee 32. We have, 2:2 + px ~ 15 = ince (-5) is a root of the given equation 2 265) + ps) = > 205) -5p-1 = 50-15 = 5p = 35=5p > ps7 “ Now, pa2+2)+k = pxt+pr+k=0 wlFcom () {Roots are equal 49 ~ 28k = 0 - 7 = 49 = 28k Bet 33. (3k + 1)x2 +2 +1) x4 Here,a=3k+1, b= %k+1), c=1 D=0 L's Roots are equal As BP dac=0 . (2k +1)P -4Gk + (a) =0 4(k-+ 1) - 4Gk +1) = 0 402 + 2k +1-3k-1) =0 @-H= => Kk-t) k=0 or k= k=0 or kel Roots are x= 3% ..JAs equal roots (Given) 2(k-+1) x= 2Gk+1) nove OH) When k= 0, x= P42 Equal roots are -1 and -1, | —_Chapter 4: Quadratic Equations | .. Equal roots are 34. Given, (2p + 1)x? - (Zp + 2)x + Zp -3)=0 a and 3. | Here, a= 2p +1, | D=0 As BE dac =0 +. Lip + 2)P - A(@p + 1)(7p - 3) = 0 | > (p+ 27 - A(ldp? - Op + 7p-3) = 0 | = 4p? + 28p + 4 - S6p? + 2dp - 28p +12 = 0 = Tp + Up +16=0 = 7p? - Mp - 16 0 _-{Dividing both sides by 1 = Tp? - 28p + 4p - 16 = 0 = Tplp ~ 4) + 4p - 4) = 0 = P-)Gp+a= = p-4=0 or p40 apes o - pe Roots are x = 52 .»{As equal roots (Given) = p+?) * = 2@ps1) (2842) When p= 4, = 3841) "183 4: Equal ots are § and $. Equal roots are 7 and 7. iF am Roots of Quadratic Equations CATEGORY II (2 Mats) 35. Solve fore: J2¢+9 +x 13. 201600) 36. Solve for x: Jéx +7 -(2x-7)=0 — (201600) 37. Solve the equation 4-3 = 5-5-5 ;x#0,-3, forx, 014) 38. Solve the equation =35 - 3 xe xe 3, forx. 2014p) 39. Solve the equation 14, -1= 3; x#-3,-1, forx (20140) (~ (4 Manto) 40. Solve for x: (2016D) ae 1, arse a x 2x+ Rax ray = 4X43, 41. Solve for x: (2016D) xed g x-2 ag 243 Soh g ted ng 43, net, 2.2 42, Solve the following quadratic equation for x 2 (piptttthei-o 2016D) 43. Solve for x: (20160D) 1 1-2 B=IG= *H=BGE=-H ~F/* ALAS 44. Find the roots of the equation: 1 - 20110) 45, Eind the roots of the equation: phates care bs (20110D) Solve for x: (201300) x-3* 47, Solve for x: (201400) x=2y ed x3) x5 48. Solve for x: (2015D) aa 2 el x-T a 49. Solve for x: (2015D) 50. Find x in terms of a, b and c: a oes Jt x#a,bc (2016D) 51, Solve the following for x: 1 4yt,1 Batbeax Bab 2x 2013D) (2 Maxho) 35. Given. y2x+9+ x= 13 (i) 2 VEV9=13-x =(V2e49)= (13-2 .fSquaring both sides => Wt 9 = 169 + 2 - 26x = 169+ x? 26x-2x-9=0 => x2- 28x +160 => x? 20x - Bx + 160 = x(x = 20) = 8¢¢~ 20) = (e- 20) (e-8) #0 > x-8=0 or -x-20=0 =8 or x= 20es Checking, When x = 8 in (i) (8) 49+8=13 => VB+8=3 5+8=13, > 13-13 wpe 4: X= 8is the solution. Checking, When x = 20 in (), V2QF9 + 20-13 ~{From () v9 +20=13 7420213 [False x= 20 is nota solution. Therefore, x= 8 is the only solution, 36. Jox47 -( = Vort7 = 2-7 i) = (Vér+7)= x -77 {Squaring both sides = 4x2 - 28x +49 4x? - 28x - 6x - 7 + 49 6x + = 42-34 +42 =0 = M17 +215 [Dividing by 2 => 2? 1dx-3x+21=0 => 2x(e- 7) -3(x-7) = &-NQr-3 = x-7=0 or x97 or Checking: When x = 7 in (), V7) +7 - (27) - VJ - (14-7) =0 7-7-0 {True Checking: When x (63)+7-((3) W947 -G-1)=0 V6 - (-4)=0 = 44420 [False x= Tis the only solution, 4.3 37. We have, 4-7 = 53.5 ~ 2x43) (Qx+3) 4-30) => Sx = 8x - 6x2 + 12 - 9x = Sr Br + 6x2 - 12 + 9x =0 > 6x? + 6x - 12=0 a> ter-2 tt dv-x- 0 = x(x +2) - 108 +2) [Dividing by 6 Shiv Bas Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) or x+2=0 = 2Qr+2)= 6-2)Gx-1) Sdrt ge 1br-5- a2 +x = det d-15e4+543x2-2=0 = 3x2 12x +9=0 = xt 4r+3=0 3 Poar-xt3=0 = x(r-3)-1@-3)=0 = (e-1) @-3)=0 > r-10 x1 ven, 4 39. Given, M45 - [Dividing by 3 = Mor3_ 5 x3 "¥sT = 5(r+3)= (=x) (+1) = 5r+15= Txt 11-2-x = Sx+15-1xr-11+ 24x = P-5rt4e0 teaye rtd = x(t 4) - 12-4) 0 => (r-1)@@-4)=0 = x-150 or sxe1 or 3x49 3° Ga aTH =O = at + Gxt x3 43r+9=0 = 4x2 +100 +6=0 = 22 +5r+3=0 {Dividing both sides by 2 = 2+ Bx + e+ = xQx +3) + 1Qr+3)=0 = 2x43) +1) =0 3 et 3 put xe 2 Poe [GivenChapter 4: Quadratic Equations r41,2-2_4 243 41. Given. 3S px #1, 2,2 (x + Dfx+ 2) + (=e 2) _ Se-2)- 2x +3) = esd (e=2) epEedet ede? ae ns 42s 3 22 + A(x 2) = Qx- G2 +x-2) 329 = dx? 4 he B= Ded +2 = dy ~The? =x +22 34x24 dy 8-29 = 22 + ae +? +Mr-22=0 = 5x2 + 19x -30=0 = 5x? + 25x - 6x - 300 | = Sx(x +5) - 6(¢ +5) =0 | = (x +5) Gr-6)=0 0 | iven, ites | . Given. G—@—2) *&-2e—3) 3 | S4x-1 2 > GF e-7EA-H “3 | 2x-4 2 = B-NE-7e= 3 %x-2) 2 => &e-He 3 => (x-1)(x-3)=3 = B-3r-243-3=0 = Pu4 = xx-4)=0 > x0 or x-4=0 x20 or ven. 2 1 44, Given. op ee a1 47 .AGiven 3 G2N=G+4) 1 @rhe-7) a = DE) 30 — = wap = (x + Hr -7) =-30 = P= 7x + Ax 28+ 30=0 3 8-3r+2-0 = Por-t2=0 = x(r-1)-2@-1)=0 > (x- Ne -2)=0 x-2=0 x2 - 3-9) = Qr-3)(x-5)=3x-8 = 2x2 10x ~ 3x + 15-3 +8=0 = 28 - 16x +3 Herea=2, b=-16, c=23 D= BR dac = D = (16? - 42)23) 256 - 184 = 72 2D, Formula: x= 16) + a 22) = 16462 + FB = \36XD = 62 * aoa 8-32, + Roots are 8* 3/2, na 7, = © ¥ 2 -3R- 8 = 8x - 3)(x - 2) = xGr- 8) = 802 - Br - 2r + 6) = 3x? - Bx = 8x2 ~ Ur - 16x + 48 - 322 + 8x = 0 = 5x2 32r + 48 =0 = 5x? - 20x ~ 12x + 48 = 0 = Bx(x - 4) ~ 12(- 4) = 2 Or-1)=0yo54x-3 _ 2 Fe=3)" z Beat = 4G2 - 8 +15) = 4x2 -32r+ 60 = 4o? - 38r + 84 = 22-194 +42 = 2-1 -7r+ & > 2x(x = 6) - 70x -6) = (r-6) (2x-7) = x-6=0 or Aq=1)+4e+1) 29 = @+D@-l) *h-T Ie) +4e41) 29 va Bet = (9-1) + ale +) [4x - 1] = 2902-1) = Br -3 44x + 4] [4x - 1] = 2962-1) = (7x +1) (Ax - 1) = 292 - 29 => 28x? - 3x ~ 29x? - 29 = 2 t+3x-28 = + 7x - 4x - 2 S xe +7)- ae +7) =0 3 @+I(e-4=0 ars7 or me, B Wed ~ Be Mx -2)+3+1) 23 20+ Hw 2) = 35x? 46x2 - 25x + dx +92.= 0 = Mix? -21x-92=0 Here,a=11, 9 b=-21, c= =92 D =~ 4ac = (-21)? - 4 x11 (-92) = 441 + 4048 = 4489 = uae? D re 2B 2 it _ Solutions are x= and 8. Shiv B2s Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) 50. Given. aa*F-6 F-< az —6)4 Hx—a) = Ne=B) = (x ~ fax — ab + bx — ab] = 2c(x- a)(x - b) = (= fax + bx ~ 2ab) = 2c(x? - bx - ax + ab) = ax? + ba? ~ 2ab ~ acx ~ bex + 2abe = 2cx? ~ 2bex = 2cax + 2abe ax? + bx? ~ Dab ~ acx ~ hex ~ 2es? + 2hex + 2oar = 0 ax? + bx? ~ Dex? ~ Dab + box + oa = 0 x(a + b - 2c) + x(-2ab + be + ca) =0 xfx (a + b= 2c) + (-2ab + be + ca)] = 0 x= 0 orx (a+ b~2c) + (-2ab+be+ ca) =0 #0 orx (a+ b~2c) = 2ab~be~ a= 0 2ab = be = ca 4 Uuuss 14 > Tavbvie 22a 2e > Garb Rie ~(2a+b)__ a+b) > Gash +2 tb = 2x2 + Dax + be + ab=0 = 2x (x +a) +(x +a) =0 3 (r+) Qr+b)=0 Sxta=0 or 2x+b=0 ~ ax Situational Problems (2 Marks) 52. 53. 55. Three consecutive natural numbers are such that the square of the middle number exceeds the difference of the squares of the other two by 60. Find the numbers. (201600) If the sum of two natural numbers is 8 and their product is 15, find the numbers. (201200) A shopkeeper buys some books for 880. If he had bought 4 more books for the same amount, each book would have cost €1 less. Find the number of books he bought. 2012D) Sum of the areas of two squares is 400 cm? If the difference of their perimeters is 16 cm, find the sides of the two squares. (2013D) ‘The diagonal of a rectangular field is 16 metres more than the shorter side. If the longer side is| Chapter 4: Quadratic Equations 37, 58. 59. 61. 67. 14 metres more than the shorter side, then find the lengths of the sides of the field. (20150D) The sum of three numbers in AP. is 12 and sum of their cubes is 288. Find the numbers. 2016D) The perimeter of a right triangle is 60 cm. Its hypotenuse is 25 cm. Find the area of the triangle. 2016D) ‘The sum of two numbers is 9 and the sum of t hei ecprocalsis 1. Find the numbers. 20120) ‘The numerator of a fraction is 3 less than its denominator. If 1 is added to the denominator, the fraction is decteased by 75. Find the fraction. (201200) ‘The difference of two natural numbers is 5 and 1 ih: Find (20140) | ‘The difference of two natural numbers is 5 and | the difference of their reciprocals is =. Find | the numbers. (20140) The numerator of a fraction is 3 less than its denominator. If 2 is added to both the ‘numerator and the denominator, then the sum the difference of their reciprocals is the numbers. of the new fraction and original fraction is 2, A rectangular park is to be designed whose breadth is 3 m less than its length. Its area is to be 4 square metres more than the area of a park that has already been made in the shape of an isosceles triangle with its base as the breadth of the rectangular park and of altitude 12 m. Find the length and breadth of the rectangular park. (20160D) A train travels 180 km at a uniform speed. If the speed had been 9 kmyhour more, it would have taken 1 hour less for the same journey. Find the speed of the train. 01100) A truck covers a distance of 150 km at a certain average speed and then covers another 200 km at an average speed which is 20 km per hour more than the first speed. If the truck covers the total distance in 5 hours, find the first speed of the truck. (201500) ‘Two pipes running together can fill a tank in 133 minutes. Ione pipe kes 3 minutes more than the other to fill the tank separately, find the time in which each pipe would fill the tank separately. (201600) 68, Gs A motor boat whose speed is 20 km/h in still water, takes 1 hour more to go 48 km upstream than to return downstream to the same spot. Find the speed of the stream. (2011D) A motorboat whose speed in still water is 18 knyh, takes 1 hour more to go 24 km upstream than to return downstream to the same spot. Find the speed of the stream. (20140D) The time taken by a person to cover 150 km vwas22 hours more than the time taken in the return journey. If he returned at a speed of 10 knyhour more than the speed while going, find the speed per hour in each direction. 2016) To fill a swimming pool two pipes are to be used. If the pipe of larger diameter is used for 4 hours and the pipe of smaller diameter for 9 hours, only half the pool can be filled. Find, how long it would take for each pipe to fill the pool separately, if the pipe of smaller diameter takes 10 hours more than the pipe of larger diameter to fill the pool. (2015D) A peacock is sitting on the top of a pillar, which is 9 m high. From a point 27 m away from the bottom of the pillar, a snake is coming to its hole at the base of the pillar. Seeing the snake the peacock pounces on it. If their speeds are equal, at what distance from the hole is the snake caught? (2014D) Resto eg (2 Maxks) 52. Let three consecutive natural numbers are: 53. uxtix+2 According to the question, (+12 ~[(e +22 - 2] = 60 42 t1- (2 +d + 4-2) w+ 2x+1-4x-4-60= 2-2-6 2? -9x + 7x - 63=0 30-9) + 7(-9) = 9) +7) x-9=0 or + x=9 or Natural nos, can not be -ve, Numbers are 9, 10, 11. Let the numbers be x and (8 = x). ‘According to the Question, x =x) = 15 = 8-7 =15 uShlvas Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) = 2-8r+15=0 = P+ 22+ 196 + 28x = 32 + 256 + 32x = P-Sr-3r +1520 = 4x -60=0 => x(x -5)-3r-5)=0 = 32-10r + 6x - 60 a-d+atatd=12 = (-3\e-5)=0 > x(e = 10) + 6¢4 ~ 10) | or > &-10) (x46) =0 3, numbers are 3 and 5. > x=10 or x= =6 (Reject) 5, numbers are 5 and 3 x= 10m [As length cannot be negative | 54, Lot the number of books he bought = x Length of shorter sid 0 m | Increased number of books he had bought Length of diagonal = (x + 16) m = 26 m Total amount = %80 . Length of sides are 10 m and 24 m. | According to the question, 57. Let three numbers in AP. are a~d,a,a+ d. | 8080 | litt =u=2 > | tas (@- dP + (+ (a+ d)> = 288 | 2 oa 2 Ora at Bt ere + kd = (e+ 4) =320 1 Bad? + oP = 288 = 8 44x-320=0 > 3a + 6a => x2 + 20r - 16x - 320=0 => 3a(a? + 2d?) | S xe +20) ~ 16(x + 20) 3x 442 + 2) = 288 | > (e+ 20) (- 16) =0 = (16 + 2) = 28 | | | | sxt20 12 Bote a6 3 52-20 fneglate) or Bunm-6s . Number of books he bought i 55. Let the side of large square = x cm When, a ee ae pieeaeee | Let the side of small square = ym en ieee ee According to the Question, em, a= 4, Saumbern ae 22+ y= 400 ..() ul area of square = (side)? ada at die 64,2. 4x-4y=16 .../ Perimeter of square = 4 sides 58. 8 = x-ye4 [Dividing both sides by 4 sxcdty (i) o228em Putting the value of x in equation (i), : (+ y+ y= 400 = P+ By + 16 + 2-400 ¢ 7 * = 2y? + By -384 = 0 Perimeter of right A= 60cm {Given = y+ dy-192=0 atb+c=60 {Dividing both sides by 2 teen => y+ 1by ~ 12y- 192 a+b=60~25=35 @ 232) Ways 19 0 Int. AACB, AC? + BC? = AB? = y~ 12\y + 16) = B+ a= (25)? «-{Pythagoras’ theorem Sy-12=0 or y+16=0 Otel o | sys or y=-16 From (i), a+b = 35 | Se eee roe” 05) [Squaring both sides ide of small square = y og ee and Side of large square =2=4412, | wee — 56. Let the length of shorter side be x m. ae Iength of diagonal = (x + 16) m Area of & and length of longer side = (x + 14) m = J * base * corresponding altitude Using pythagoras theorem, 1 eh eh = fxpxa= G00) .,From (is) = (x +162 = 150 em? 59, Let the numbers be x and 9 - x. _——Chapter 4: Quadratic Equations According to the Question, a, a 11 Q-x4x 1 daria eee aed 3 18 = 9x2 = 2-9 +18 =0 = 2-3x- 6+ 18=0 = x(¢-3) - 6-3) =0 = 6-3) @-6=0 = x-3=0 or axs3 or 3, nos. are 3 and 6, 9, nos. are 6 and 3, 60. Let the denominator be x and the numerator be x-3. +. Fraction = 2 New denominator = x + 1 According to the Question, x-6=0 x26 T x23 _ 15x Br Mx-45 Be 3 15x? ~ 45x = Lax ~ 45x + 14 - 45 = 15x? - Mx? - Mr + 45 = 0 = adr + 45=0 =P 5x- 9x +450 = x(t 5) - 9x -5) =0 = (F-5) (x- 9) =0 « Fraction = 2 or 3 61. Let the larger natural number be x and the smaller natural number be y. According to the Question, x-ys5 a) 1a sould ¥ > oy 10 8 = yr lProm (i) Sy ay 2 il) Putting the value of y in (), we get x- Bes = 2-5055r > x2-5x-50=0 = P-10r + 5x -50=0 (waa = x(e~ 10) + 5(x = 10) = ce x+5=0 orx-10=0 Sxe5 (Not possible because + is a natural number) sx=10 Putting these values of x in (i, 50 Y> ao ayes s Numbers are 10 and 5. 62, Let the larger number be x and the smaller number be y. According to the Question, x-ys5 = oxs5+y ro) HIE > y then F< fProm () fFrom (9 = P+ 7y-2y-14=0 yy +7)-2y+7)=0 Y-DytH=0 yr2e or y+7=0 ya2 or y= When y =2,x=542=7 lProm (i) Numbers are 7 and 2. When y=-7,x=5+(-7)=-2 [From (i) ‘Numbers are -2 and (-7). 63. Let the denominator and numerator of the fraction be x and x ~ 3 respectively. Let the fraction be 22 By the given condition, x-342_x- Br. 7 ¥e x-1_2 New fraction, . r=3 F237 20 (-9e+2+xe—0) = x@+2) (e=3)lx +2) +x(e—1) | 4 Foe : = 20[(x - 3) (x + 2) + x(x ~I)] = 29682 + 22) = 20(e2 = x6 + 32-2) = 20x? + Bx = 20202 - 2y - 6) = 29%? + 58x = 40x? ~ 2922 — 40x ~ 58x = 120 = Thx? - 98x - 120 0 3 Tx? - 110s + 12x = 120 <0 > Tx(x - 10) + 12(¢ - 10) = 0 Bie ge=> liy+12=0 or x-10=0 x= FP Reject) or x= 10 Now denominator (x) = 10 then, numerator = x- 3=7 ; ae +: The fraction is 75. |. Let length of the rectangular park = x m, = (11x + 12) (x - 10) =0 breadth of the rectangular park = (x ~ 3)m Base of an isosceles triangle = (x ~ 3)m Altitude of an isosceles triangle = 12 m <, Area of isosceles triangle = x base * altitude x (x3) x12 = 6(e = 3) i) According to the question, ‘Ar (rectangle) - Ar-(isosceles A) = 4m? | <9 x(t-3)-6(¢-3) = 4 [Prom (9 & (i) | = 83x -6x+18-4=0 = P-ox+14=0 = 7x -2e +14 =0 = x(x-7)-2x-7)=0 = or When x = 2, breadth of rectangle becomes -ve, 0 this is not possible. «. Length of the rectangular park, x= 7m and Breadth = (x - 3) = 4m. . Let the speed of the train = x km/hr Let the increased speed of the train = (+9) km/hr According to the question, 180 __180 ye+9 180(x+9-x) xr+9) = x(x + 9) = 1620 = 2 + 9x - 1620-0 = x2 + 45x ~ 36x - 1620 x(x + 45) ~ 36(x + 45) (x 36) (x + 45) =0 x-36=0 or x= 36 or Rejecting negative value as [he spec cannot te ve 16 knyhr Distance | 1 {Tim & Speed of the train 3. Let the first average speed of truck be x km/hr. | Distance ‘Speed Now, new speed = (+ 20) km/hr. ‘As we know, Time = 67. and ‘Shiv las Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) 4 4 UUUdYuuY Let the quicker pipe take to fill the tank 150, 200. “y 3+ 150(%-+20) +2002 _ S420) 150x +3000 + 200 x + 20x 150x + 3000 + 200x = 5(2? + 20%) 350x + 3000 - 5x? - 100x = 0 22 ~ 50x - 600 = 0 3? = 60x + 10x ~ 600 x(x ~ 60) + 10x ~ 60) (~ 60) (x + 10) x-60=0 or x+10=0 x= 60 or x= ~10 (Reject) Speed = 60 kn. | 5 = x minutes ‘Then the slower pipe takes to fill the tank = (x +3) minutes According to Question, Hei x@+3) "40 TBx(x +3) = 402x +3) Bx? + 39x = 80x + 120 Bx? + 39x - 80x - 120 = 0 13x? - 41x - 120 Bx? ~ 65x + 24x ~ 120-0 ‘Bxlx - 5) + 24(x - 5) = 0 (e- 5)(13x + 24) x-5=0 or x+24=0 orz= (jected) x=5 nce, the faster pipe fills the tank in 5 minutes, and the slower pipe fills the tank in 36 . Let .. Speed of the boat upstream speed of the boat downstream +3) minutes, the speed of the stream be x km/hr (20 ~ x) km/hr Given, Distance = 48 km According to the Question, 48, 8Chapter 4: Quadratic Equations | = %6x = 400- j = x8 + 96x - 400=0 and Speed while returning | = x2 +100x-4x-400=0 = (x + 10) = 20 + 10 = 30 knyhr | 2 xe 100-464 10) =0 7 Let the bigger pipe fill te tank in hrs | 3 & peri Aes eb ee mai ee pre 1 = xe or x+100=0 9 1 Sorta 100 wut fetcing ate vate fone the speed cannot be ve a Sete 2 Speed of the stream = 4 km/hr | 69. Let speed of the stream be x km/hr, eee ‘Speed of the boat upstream = (18 - x) km/hr +10 and Speed of the boat downstream = (18 + x) km/hr Given, Distance = 24 km = 2+ 10x ~ 26x = 80 i According to the Question, = 2- 16x - 80-0 a a tance = 2 20x +4x-80=0 Wy PK = 1 ~ATime = Besant = x(x 20) + (x - 20) = 0 29(18-+x—(18—»)] = (e= 20) HA) = = ~Cs=x08+H) sx-20=0 of -x#4=0 | 24(2) = x=20 or 4 (Reject) | = Sue 7) Hence, the pipe with larger diameter fills the = 48r= 304-2 tank in 20 hour 3 Pages and the pipe with smaller diameter fils the tank = x2 + Bix - 6 - 3240 in 30 hours. = x(x + 5A) ~ 6(x + 54) = 0 72 P = (x-6) (x + 54) = x-6=0 or x+54=0 | a lom x=6 or 54 (rejected) | é Since speed cannot be negative | :. Speed of stream, x = 6 km/hr Se tt ee ea my Then the speed of a person while returning Let PH be the pillar. = (x +10) km/hr Let the distance from the hole to the place where Given, Distance = 150 km snake is caught = xm 150 _ 150 1 Let P be the top of the pillar and $ be the point E+) 772 where the snake is coming to its hole. 150(x + 10x) 27 - x)m > Geigy = 2 PC=Q7-2)m = Sx(x + 10) = 3 a> Their speeds are equal = x(t + 10) = 600...Dividing both sides by 5 In rt. APHC = x2 + 10x - 600 | PH? +CH?= PC? Pythagoras’ theorem B+ P= O7-xP => x2 + 30x - 20x - 600 = x(e + 30) ~ 20(¢ + 30) fear (x +30) (= 20) 81 +32 = 729 ~ Six + - Six = 729-81 = 648 > x+30=0 or x-20=0 S x= 30 (rejected) or x= 20 = 8 212m 3 Since, speed can not be negative. Hence, required distance, x =12 m . Speed, x = 20 kmyhr. seesA & AT, 1. Check whether the quadratic equation (x + 1)(@ - 2) + x = 0 have two distinct real roots. Justify your answer. 2, Is 0.2 a root of the equation x? - 0.4 = 0? Justify your answer. 3. Find the roots of the following quadratic equation by using the quadratic formula: fxt- Vir +1=0. 4. Find the roots of 2x? - 2x + 3 = 0 quadratic equation by the factorisation method. 1. Given: (x + (x= 2) #x=0 ‘Simplifying above equation we have: wtx-2e-2+x=0 = #-2 = v+0x-2=0 (On comparing with ax? + bx + c= 0, we have a=1,b=Oandc=-2 Now, D = B2 - dac = (0)? ~ 4(1)(-2)=0+8=8>0 Hence, the equation (x + 1)(x~ 2) + x= 0 has two distinct real roots. 2..No, because 0.2 does not satisfy the given quadratic equation, as, (0.27 ~0.4= 004-04 3. Given: 32?-JTlx +1 = 0.3640 On comparing with ax2 + br + c= 0, we get {Ti andc=1 i? = 4ac Roots are given as, x= BV = tae CVI) + (VT? = 4x Fc = i129 Vii 4353+ Vil, vii -3 So, roots of given quadratic equation are: 3+Vii and viT-3 - _ Sie =2 t Shiv Das Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) IMPORTANT NCERT EXEMPLAR Problems & Selutions 4. 5, 6 4 10. A 1s Given. 21x? - 2x + 5= Multiplying both sides of above equation by 21, we get 44122 - 42 +150 = Mata? - 2x - 2x +1 By splitting the middle term = Mx(21x 1) -1(21r-1)=0 | = @ix-1)@x-1) | = 2r-1=0 or Mx-1=0 1 at | 3 ready | Hence, the equation, 44132 - 42x +1 =O has two equal roots as Find whether the following equations have real roots. If real roots exist, find them: (@) 22 +3r+2=0 1,4 3 (i) sagt ppt eds | (iif) 2 + 5V5x-70=0 | Find a natural number whose square | diminished by 84 is equal to thtice of 8 more than the given number. | A natural number, when increased by 12, equals 160 times its reciprocal. Find the number. A train, travelling at a uniform speed for 360 km, would have taken 48 min less to travel the | same distance, if its speed were 5 km/h more. | Find the original speed of the train. | At present Asha’s age (in years) is 2 more than | the square of her daughter Nisha's age. When | Nisha grows to her mother’s present age, | Asha's age would be one year less than 10 times the present age of Nisha. Find the * present ages of both Asha and Nisha. In the centre of a rectangular lawn of dimensions 50 m x 40 m, a rectangular pond has to be constructed, so that the area of the grass surrounding the pond would be 1184m?, Find the length and breadth of the pond.Chapter 4: Quadratic Equations 1A At t minutes pass 2 pm, the time needed by (ii) 22 +5 Bx -70=0 | the minutes hand of a clock to show 3 pm was Comparing with ax? + bx + = 0, we have found to be 3 minutes less than #/4 minutes. @=1,b=55,andc=-70 Find t. Thus, D = b2 ~ ac = (6 V5)? ~ 4(1)(-70) | 5. (i) Given: -22 + 3x +2=0 Roots of equation are represented as, | | | Comparing with, ax? + bx +c a=-2,b=3,andc=2 ‘Thus, D = 6? - 4ac = @)2- 4-292) 29+ 16=25>0 -. Roots are real. Roots of equation are represented as, 2t-16x+2B=0 x+12= 1160 Comparing this equation with, ax? + bx + ¢= 0, eran we have, a= 2, b= ~16, and ¢= 23 Ae Thus, D = - tac = x24 20x ~ 8x - 160= 0 -16)2 ~ 4 x 2(23) = 256 - 184 e+ 20)- 86 +20 | Zo > (e+ 20)(r-8)=0 «- Roots are real. = x= -20,8 Roots of equation are represented as, | As, x #-20) as a natural number can’t be negative. | bt VB _ {102/72 Hence, the required natural number is 8. 2a 202) 8. Let the original speed of the train = x km/h. Distance covered = 360 km Time taken by train with original speed, 23/3 " i 2 360, jistance : he Time = Distance = 8432 8-3 | ad U Speed 2" 2 New speed of train = (x + 5) km/h. So, the roots of the given equation are Time taken by train to cover same distance with a4 |, 8-2 360 S498 ang 8-3 now speed, fy = 29%Ge 10, According to the question, ty ~ fy = 48 minute 360360 _ 48 O28 = F minute 360(x +5) 360% a wats) 360 + 1800 — 360% > tar => 5(1800) = x84 5r-2250=0 = 32+ G0x - 45x) - 2250 = 0 [By splitting middle term = 2450r ~ 45x - 2250 = 0 => x(x +50) ~ 45(x + 50) = 0 = (x + 50)(x- 45) =0 = (¢ +50) =Oor(x-45)=0 = orx= 45 As, x # -50, as speed cannot be negal Hence, the original speed of the train is 45 kmh. ). Let Nisha’s present age = x year Asha's present age = 22 + 2 year Nisha grows to her mother’s present age after {(22 + 2) - a] years Then, Asha’s age will become (2 +2) + [G2 + 2) - x] year, According to question, Asha’s age = 10x - 1 (G2 +2) + [62 +2) 2t-x+4= 10x -1 22 -11x+5=0 2x2 - 10x - x +5=0 2ex(x ~ 5) -1(x ~ 5) guuuyuuy (-5)@x-1) (-5)=0 or Qx-1)=0 x=5 or x=1/2 Here, x # 1/2 because then Asha’s age =22+2=21 which is not possible. Present age of Nisha Present age of Asha year P42= P42 = 25 +2=27 year Given: Length of the rectangular lawn = L = 50 m and breadth of the rectangular lawn = B= 40m Let width of area of the grass surrounding, the pond = xm Shivlas Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) Then, length of rectangular pond = | = 50-~ (x +x) = 50- 2x and breadth of rectangular pond 10 ~ (x + x) = 40 ~ 2x b Now, Area of grass surrounding the pond =L*B-1* b= 1184 me {Given = 50x 40 ~ (60 - 2x)(40 - 2x9] = 1184 => 2000 ~ (2000 - 80x - 100 + 4x2) = 1184 = 80x + 100x ~ 4x? = 1184 = x2- 45x + 296 => 22-37x- Be +296=0 [By spli => x(t ~ 37) - 8x -37) =0 = (x-8)@-37)=0 = x=80r37 fo x=37 Length of pond = 50 - 2x = -24 and breadth of pond | = 34m = 40 = 2x = -34 and breadth of pond 10 - 2x = 40-16 4m But length and breadth cannot be negative, «. Length of pond = 34m and Breadth of pond = 24 m 11. Total time taken by minute hand to run from 2pm to 3 pm = 60 minutes. According to question, P+ ap 252 2+ 18t- 14t-252=0 --{By splitting middle term = t+ 18)- 140 + 18) = 0 = (+ 18)(¢- 14) =0 = f= 18 orld As time cannot have negative value, ¢ # -18 ‘Therefore, required value of t is 14 minutes. uuy sees1. Raj and Ajay are very close friends. Both the families decide to go to Ranikhet by their own cars. Raj’s car travels at a speed of x km/h while Ajay’s car travels 5 kny/h faster than Raj’s car. Raj took 4 hours more than Ajay to complete the journey of 400 km. Based on the above situation, answer the following questions: 1. What will be the distance covered by Ajay’s car in two hours? (a) 2(x + 5)km (© (&-5)km (6) 2G¢ + 10)km (@ @r+5)km 2. Which of the following quadratic equations describes the speed of Raj’s car? (a) 2-5x-500=0 (b) x2 + 4r- 400-0 (0) 2 +5x-500=0 (d) xP - 4x + 400=0 3. What is the speed of Raj’s car? (@) 20 km/hour (b) 15 km/hour (6) 25 km/hour (@ 10 km/hour 4, How much time did Ajay take to travel 400 km? | (a) hrs (6) 40 hes (¢) 25 hrs (A) 16 hes IL, The speed of a motor boat is 20 km/hr. For covering the distance of 15 km the boat took 1 hour more for upstream than downstream. Based on the above situation, answer the following questions: 5. Let speed of the stream be x knyhr. then speed of the motorboat in upstream will be (a) 20 km/hr () 20 +3) km/hr (© Q0-x) km/hr (a) 2 km/hr Mm. 10. 11. 2 3. maga CASE BASED QUESTIONS . What is the relation between speed, distance and time? (a) speed = (distance)/time (0) distance = (speed)/time (6) time = speed x distance (d) speed = distance * time 7. Which is the correct quadratic equation for the speed of the current? (a) x2 + 30x ~ 200 (6) x2 + 30x ~ 400 (b) 22+ 20x - 400 = 0 (@ 2 - 20x - 400 = 0 3. What is the speed of current? (@) 20 km/hour (€) 15 km/hour (b) 10 km/hour (25 km/hour ). How much time did the boat take going downstream? (a) 90 minutes (6) 15 minutes {(€) 30 minutes (@ 45 minutes ‘A quadratic equation can be defined as an equation of degree 2. This means that the highest exponent of the polynomial in it is 2 The standard form of a quadratic equation is ax? + bx + ¢ = 0, where a, b and c are real numbers and a # 0. Every quadratic equation has two roots. With the help of the above information, answer the following questions: ‘Which of the following quadratic equation has no real roots? (@) x2 + 7-450) -4x2 + 7x (9 -2x2 + 5x-2=0 (a) 3x2 + 6x +2=0 Which of the following quadratic equations has rational roots? (a) 2+ x-1=0 (2 - 5x + (9 4x2-3r-2=0 — (d) 6x?7-x+ 1120 Which of the following quadratic equations has irrational roots? (a 3x2 #2x42=0 (bp dx2-7r+3=0 (0) 6x2 - 3x -5 (@) 2x2 + 3x-2°0 Which of the following quadratic equations has equal roots? (a) 2 -3x+4=0 (9 5x2 - 10x +1 =0 () 2x2 -2x+1=0 (0) 9x2 + 6x +1=0 sugiisany G3ISVa 4isvdQuadratic Equations wee 14, Which of the following quadratic equations has two distinct real roots? (a) 2+3x+1=0 — (b) -2+3r-3=0 (0) 4x2 + 8x + (@ 3x2 + 6r+4=0 IV. Quadratic equations started around 3000 B.C. with the Babylonians. They were one of the world’s first civilisation, and came up with some great ideas like agriculture, irrigation and writing. There were many reasons why Babylonians needed to solve quadratic equations. For example to know what amount of crop you can grow on the square field. Based on the above situation, answer the following questions: 15. The sum of squares of two consecutive integers is | 650. The quadratic equation would be: (a) x2 + 2x -650= 0 (b) 2x2 + 2x - 649 = 0 (9) x2 ~ 2x -650=0 — (d) 2x? + 6r - 550 = 0 16. The sum of two numbers is 15 and the sum of their reciprocals is 3/10. (a) 2+ 10x 150-0 (b) 15x2- x + 150-0 (9 22-15x+50=0 (d) 3x2- 10x + 15=0 17. Two numbers differ by 3 and their product is 504, (a) 3x2 - 504 = 0 (0) x2 - 504x +3 =0 (0) 50h2 +3 = x (@ 2 + 3x - 50 18. A natural number whose square is diminished by 84 is thrice of 8 more of given number. (a) 2+ 8r-84= 0 (b) 3x2 -84x $3=0 (9) 2-3x-108=0 (dx - 11x +60=0 19, A natural number when increased by 12, equals 160 times its reciprocal. (@) x2 ~ 12x + 160= 0 (b) 22 - 160x + 12=0 (0) 12x2~x-160= 0 (d) 2 + 12-160 =0 ShivDas Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) V. If p(x) is a quadratic polynomial i.e, p(x) = ax? + bx +c, a= 0, then p(x) = 0 is called a quadratic equation. Now, answer the following questions: 20. Which of the following is correct about the quadratic equation ax? + br + c= 0? (a) a, b and c are real numbers, c#0 (6) a, b and c are rational numbers, «#0 (6) a, b and care integers a, b and c#0 (@) a, b and c are real numbers, a #0 21. The degree of a quadratic equation is (a)1 2 @3 Ws 22, Which of the following is a quadratic equation? (a) x( +3) +7 = 5x11 () (= 1-9 = (= Hlx-3) (9 PQx +1)-4= 52-10 (@ x(x - 1)(e + 7) = 6x - 9) 23. Which of the following is incorrect about the quadratic equation ax? + bx + ¢= 0? (@) If aa? + ba + c= 0, then x = ~ 42+ 20x - 2000 = 0 CHAPTER-4: Quadratic Equations oa | | | | 3. (a) Given. 2 + 5x ~ 500 = 0 = 324 25x - 201 -500=0 = (x +25) (r-20)= x= 20 or x = -25 (Rejected as Speed cannot be negative) Distance _ _400_ _ 400 © 4. (@) Time = “Soar Gor)" 25 = 16 hours 5. (0) (20-3) km/hr 6. (a) speed = (distance)/time 7. (0) According to Question, : 345 150+ x-20+x) A = “20=3)(20+3) 22+ 30x - 400 =0 8. (b) x2 +30x - 400=0 x2 + 40x ~ 10x ~ 400 = 0 => x(x-# 40) -10(e + 40) =0 x=10 and x= ~40 (Since speed cannot be ~ve) 9 (@) Distance = 15 km a Speed = 20 +10 =30 km/h Time = 3573 hour or 30 minutes 10. (a) To have no real roots, discriminant (D = b? ~ 4ac) should be < 0. (a) D= 7? ~ 4(-4)(-4) = 49 - 64 = -15 <0 49-32=17>0 11. (b) To have rational roots, discriminant (D = #2 - 4ac) should be > 0 and also a perfect square. (@ D= (2-4 5, which is not a perfect square. (®) D=(-5)2-4(1)(6) = 25-24 = 1, which is a perfect square. (9D (@ D=(-4?-4@)011) 12. (9. To have imational roots, discriminant (D = I? - ac) should be > 0 but not a perfect square (@) D= 2? 49)Q) =4- 24-200 (9D 4+120= 129 > O and is not a perfect square (Dd 9+ 16 = 25> 0 and also isa perfect square. 13. (@) To have equal roo, discriminant (D = &~ 4c) should be = 0 (@) D=(-3-4()(4) = 9-16=-7 <0 -263, which is not a perfect square. suogiysang gisva isvdQuadratic Equations Gass Shivbas Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) + 4<0 ; (10)? ~ 4(5)(1) = 100 - 20 = 80 > 0 ~ 409) (1) = 36 - 3 14. (a) To have two distinct real roots, discriminant (D = - dac) should be > 0. 62 4G)(4) =36 — 4 tegers be x and x + 1 50 15. (b) Given, 22+ (2 +1) => det +2e+1-650 16. (0) Let the two numbers be x and 15 - x. According to Question, = 2x2 + 2v- 649 =0 a = 1005- x+ x)=3x(15-x) = 150=45x- 33? => Bx? 45x + 150=0 > 2-15r+50=0 17. (@) Let the numbers be x and x +3, : ALT.Q, x(x +3) = 504 > 843r- 504=0 i 18. (¢) Let the number be x : According to Question, x2- 84 = 3(x + 8) i = 2 -8he3r+ 2 “> xt-3x-108=0 19, (d) Let the number be x ‘According to question, x +12 = => x24 12x-160=0 20. (d) a, b and c are real numbers, a #0 | 22. (a) Options: £ (a): x(x +3) +7 2 x - 1 SP 43e+7=5x-11 = 2-2x+18=0isa quadratic equation. Wk (e-D2-9=(@-Hle¥3) : = P-dy-8=x-x-12 => x-4=Oisnota quadratic equation. ©: = = 2x) - 4x2 + 6 = (is not a quadratic equation. @: = => 23+ 2x=0is not a quadratic equation. 23. (d) All of these 24. (¢) Formula oeeeSelf Assessment Test QL. Show that x = -3 is a solution of: 2x? + 5r-3=0 Q2, Find whether the quadratic equation x? - x + roots or not. If yes, find the roots. ‘has real For Solutions Q3. Find the nature of the roots of the quadratic equation: please SCAN wtar+5=0 i Q4. Find the Discriminant (D) of the quadratic equation i 3. V3x2 + 10r + V3 = ' Q45. Find the value of kif = 2s the solution of kx2-+ 2x ~ Q6. Find the roots of the following quadratic equation, if they exist, using the quadratic formula: 2x? - 2V2 x+1=0 Q7. 1662+) (@ + 8%) = (ax + by), prove that = Q.8. Form the quadratic equation in x whose roots are 2 + /5 and 2-/5. 09. Rewrite the following as a quadratic equation in x and then solve for x: 4 5 3 33> Brag *40-9 Q40. Solve for x: (x + 4)(x +5) =3(x + 1)(x +2) + 2x Q.11. Find the roots of the equation: 12, Solve for x: Qe 1 ar+9 0 ice Narra). (i) Sheet it irt: a*0,b20,x20 ' Q.3. Find an ‘of k if the equation: 2x2 ~ 2(2k - 1) x + 4 = 0 has equal roots. Q.14. Find the value of c for which the quadratic equation 42? - 2 (c + 1) x + (c + 4) = has equal roots, Q.15. If the equation (1 + m2) x2 + 2mcx + (2 ~ a) = Ohas equal roots, prove that 2 = a%(1 + m2), Q.16. Find the value of a: such that the quadratic equation (ct - 12) x? + 2(«1 - 12) x + 2 = 0 has equal roots. Q47. If (-5) is a root of the quadratic equation 2x2 + px - 15 = 0 and the quadratic equation p(x? +x) + k= Ohas equal roots, then find the values of p and k. 18. Solvefors: (3229) -10(2*3) =3,2% diced Q.19. Two numbers differ by 3 and their product is 54, Find the numbers. Q.20. The sum of two natural numbers is 8. Determine the numbers, if the sum of their reciprocals is 8/15. Q.21. Divide 12 into two parts such that the sum of their squares is 74. Q.22. The sum of the squares of two positive integers is 208, If the square of the larger number is 18 times the smaller number, find the numbers. Q.23. There are three consecutive positive integers such that the sum of the square of the first and the product of other two is 154. What are the integers? Q.24. The sum $ of m successive odd natural numbers starting from 3 is given by the relation S = n(n + 2). Determine n, if the sum is 168. Q.25. The numerator of a fraction is one less than its denominator. If three is added to each of the numerator and denominator, the fraction is increased by 3/28. Find the fraction. Q.26. In a class test, the sum of the marks obtained by P in Mathematics and Science is 28. Had he got 3 more marks in Mathematics and 4 marks less in Science, the product of marks obtained in the two subjects would have been 180. Find the marks obtained in the two subjects separately. ooee 23Chapter: F Arithmetic Progressions *= SEQUENCE: A sequence is an arrangement of numbers in a definite order and according to some rule, Example: 1, 3,5, 7, 9, is a sequence where each successive term is 2 greater than the preceding term and 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, ... is a sequence where each term is the square of successive natural numbers. «= TERMS: The various numbers occurring in a sequence are called ‘terms’. Since the order of a sequence is fixed, therefore the terms are known by the position they occupy in the sequence, Example: Ifthe sequence is defined as 1 3 5 7 9 n L 4 t 4 First Second Third ni general term (a,) term (2) term (a) term (ay) “term "© ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION (A.P. ; An Arithmetic progression is a special case of a sequence, where the difference between a term and its preceding term is always constant, known as common difference, i, d. The arithmetic progression is, abbreviated as A.P. The general form of an A.P. is «. a, a+ d, a+ 2d. For example, 7, 9, 11, 13.., Here the common difference is 2. Hence itis an A.P. «= Ian A.P. with first term a and common difference d, the n'* term (or the general term) is given by a, = a+ (it~ Dd swhere [a= first term, d = common difference, n= Number of terms Example: To find seventh term put n= 7. a,= a+ (7~ 1d or a, = a+ 6d sa The sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is given by S,= F2a+(n~ Yd) or Flatt] .utohere [1 is the last term of the finite AP e Ifa, b, carein A.P, then b= “55 and b is called the arithmetic mean of a and c. sees maa |Chapter 5: Arithmetic Progressions SUBJECTIVE Topicwise Question Bank (Q & A) Common Difference (1 Mash) 1. Find the common difference of the A.P. Be e . (20130) 2. Find the common difference of the A.P. 11-69 1-1 | t, Lee 20130) | 3. Calculation the common difference of the A.P. 1 (2013D) | 4. What is the common difference of an A.P. in | which ay, ~ a, = 847 (20170D) | (I Mark) 1. The common difference, de ay-a= SF = 166-1 _ 6h “ae 8 3. Common difference, 4 4. ay ~ ay (a+ 204) - (a+ 64) = => 20d - 6d = 84 => id= 84 nth term of an A. CATEGORY 1 (2 Maho) 5. Find whether ~150 is a term of the A.P. 17, 12, 7,2, ou? 2011p) 6. Which term of the progression 4, 9, 14, 19, .. is 109? 2011p) 7. The 4* term of an A.P. is zero. Prove that the 25th term of the A.P. is three times its 11" term. (20160) 8. The 7" term of an A.P. is 20 and its 13" term is 32, Find the A.P. (201200) Find how many two-digit numbers are divisible by (201100) How many natural numbers are there between 200 and 500, which are divisible by 7? 201100) How many two-digit numbers are divisible by 3? (201200) How many three-digit natural numbers are divisible by 7? (2013D) Find the number of all three-digit natural numbers which are divisible by 9. (20130D) Find the number of natural numbers between 101 and 999 which are divisible by both 2 and 5. 201400) Which term of the A.P. 3, 14, 25, 36, ... will be 99. more than its 25" term? (201100) (3 Marto) 16. ‘The 17* term of an AP is 5 more than twice its 8th term. If the 11" term of the AP is 43, then find its n'* term. 2012D Determine the A.P. whose fourth term is 18 and the difference of the ninth term from the fifteenth term is 30. (2011) ‘The 16" term of an AP is 1 more than twice its 8' term. If the 12" term of the AP is 47, then find its nt* term. (2012D) ‘The 19*® term of an AP is equal to three times its 6! term. If its 9" term is 19, find the A.P. 201300) The 9" term of an A.P. is equal to 6 times its second term. If its 5" term is 22, find the A.P. 201300) |. The sum of the 5! and the 9 terms of an AP is 30. If its 25" term is three times its 8" term, find the AP. (201400) If the seventh term of an AP is } and its ninth 9 (014d) 9. 10. nL. 2 123, 1. 15, 17, 18, 19. term is 3, find its 63 tem. (2 Maxho) 5. Given: 1* term, «= 17 Common difference, d= 12-17 n® term, a, = ~ 150 natin = 150 W+-NE (1) (5) = 150 - 17 = -167. Here, d 2. -150 is not a term of given A.P. ~4=14-9=19-14=5 Difference between consecutive terms is constant. Hence it is an A.P. Given: First term, «= a, = 109 (Let) a,=a+(n-1)d = 19=4+(0-1)5 > 109-4=(1-1)5 d=5, [General term of AP. => 105 (n - 1) 3 n=U+1=2 109 is the 22"4 term . Let 18 term = 2, Common difference = a= 00+8d=050=-a Wl) a+ 24d = 3(a + 102) > -Bd + 24d =3-3d + 10d) {From () = d= 21d From above, aa; = 3(a1;) (Hence proved) 10. . Leta be the 1°" term and d be the common difference. a+ 6d [by subtracting Putin he ae fn a+6Q)= = at+12=20 a=8 AP.is a, = 8 8, 10, 96 d=18-12=6, a= a+d, a+2d, a+3d, 8+2; 8 +22); 8+3Q);.. RB 12, 18, 24, 96 2, 12+ (n= 1)6=96 = (1-16 = 96 - 12 = 84 = on-1=-Seu 3 n=14+1=15 :. There are 15 two-digit numbers divi 203, 210, 217, ..., 497 Here a = 203, 110 ~ 203 a+(n-1)d 203 + (n= 1) 7= 497 (n-1) 7 = 497 ~ 208 = 294 Shiv Das Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) n=a2+1=43 ‘There are 43 natural nos. between 200 and 500 which are divisible by 7. 11 Two-digit numbers divisible by 3 are 12, 15, 18, . 9 Here,a=12, d=15-12"3, a, = at(n-Id=a, 12+ (1-1) @)=99 (1-1) @) =99-12=87 n-1=% =29 n=29+1=30 ‘There are 30 such numbers. agit nos” are 100, 101, 102, 3 digits nos. “divisible by 7” are: 105, 112, 119, 126, .», 994 99 2. Asa+ (n-1)d 105 + (n - 1)7 = 994 (n= 1)7 = 994 - 105 n=127 +1 = 128 . To find: Number of terms of A.P, i, 1. AP. = 108 +117 + 126 + ... + 999 1 term, a= 108, ‘Common difference, d= 117 - 108 = 9 199 a+(n-1)d 108 + (n ~1) 9 = 999 14, Numbers divisible by both 2 and 5 are 110, 120, 130, .., 990. Here a= 110, d= 120-110= 10, As at (n—1)d= a, = 990 110 + (n ~ 1)(10) = 990 (2 ~ 1)(00) = 990 - 110 = 880 = = 88 n= 88-41" 89 15. Let the required term be n*™ term, i, Here, d= 14-3 = 11 and According to the Question, a, 9 + a+ dd = (n- » (11) = 99 + 24 (11) (n~1) (11) = 11 9 + 24) n-1=33 0 S+1= 4 «34% term is 99 more than its 25" term. (3 Maxto) 16, ayy =5 +2 (ag) a4 16d = 5 + 2(a + 7) ay = 43 a+ 10d = 43 |Chapter 5: Arithmetic Progressions at16d=5 420+ 14d | 2d-5+10d = 43 16d ~ 14d ~ 5 = 2a~ a [From (i) 2Wd-5=a | 12d=48 a=4 From (), a=2(4) -5=8-5=3 As a,=a+(n-1)d q,=34(n-1)4e3+dn-4 a, = (n=) = 18 ths ~ By a+ 3d=18 a +36) = 18 --{Feom () a+15=18 a=18-15=3 APis a a+d 3, 345, 3 8 2 AP. is 3, 8, 13, 0. yg = 1 + 2) at 15d =1+2(a+ 7d) a+ 1d = 1420+ 14d 17. =30 a+ 1d~a- 6d = 30 d=5 a+ 2d, 3 +265), 2B, 18, ay = 47 ‘15d - 14d-1=2a-a a- 6 From (i) and (ji), a=4-1=3 As nf term =a (n= 1) d nt term = 3 + (n- 1) 4 =344n-4=4n-1 Given: 29 = 3(a,) = at 18d = 3(a + 5d) 19. From (),4= 3@)=2 | 2 AP. is | a atd, +2, | 3 342 Bd, | 3, 5, in 20. 9 term = 6 (2 term) nat8d=6(@@+d) .[Asa,= a+ 8d = 60+ 6d 8d - 6d = 6a a 2d = nig a+ 1d — (a+ 8d) = 30 8d= 30 (i) a+ d= 47 d-1+1d= 47 [From (?) + (n= 1d Now, a at dd = 22 + 4x(54) a+ ax(% a+ 10a 2 ta=2 [From () a=2 Sq - From (i), d= 3(2)=5 APis 0 atd, eee. 2, 7 5 + dy = 30 [Given atdd+a+8d=30 a= a+ (12d 2a+12d= 30 =9.a+ 6d = 15...{Dividing by 2 a+ 2d, 2+10, 12, 21. a= 15-64 @) Now, dys = 3(as) a+ 2dd = 30+ 74) 15 - 6d + 24d = 3(15 - 6d +74) ..,From () 15 + 18d = 3(15 + d) 15 + 18d = 45 + 3d 18d - 3d = 45-15 15d = 30 2 From (j),a= 15 - 6(2) = 15 -12=3 AP.is a, atd, at2d at3d nth term of an A.P. CATEGORY II (2 Masho) 23. Find the 9" term from the end (towards the first term) of the A.P. 5, 9, 13, ..., 185. (2016D) 24. Find 10% term from end of the A.P. 4, 9,4, on, 254. (201100)Find the middle term of the A.P. 6, 13, 20, 216. (20150) 26. Find the middle term of the A.P. 213, 205, 197, 37. (2015D) 27, Find the value of the middle term of the following AP: -6, 2,2, ., 58. @2o1ib) 28, Which term of the progression 20, 194, 183, 17}, w= is the first negative term? _(20170D) (2 Manho) 23. Here First term, a= 5 ‘Common difference, d= 9-5 = 4 Last term, ! = 185 nth term from the end = I - (n - 1)d 9 term from the end = 185 ~ (9 - 1)4 185 - 8 x 4 = 185 ~ 32 = 153 24, Common difference, d= 9 - 4 4-9-5 Given: Last term, |= 254, n= 10 term from the end =~ (1-1) d 110" term from the end = 254 ~ (10-1) *5 = 254 - 45 = 209 The given AP. is 6,13, 20, .., 216 Let m be the number of terms, d=7,0= 6,0, = 216 + (tI 216 = 6 + (n-1).7 216 - 6 = (n-1)7 25. (e) 2 dug a4 15d =6+15*7 = 101 AP. : 213, 205, 197, 37. Let a and d be the first term and common difference of A.P. respectively, Here a = 213, d= -8, a, = 37, where n is the number of terms a, = 0+ (n-1)d 26. 37 = 213 + (n= 1) (8) =176 we 1 3 mB nasty" _ (241) Middle term = ("51)" =(2 54) = 12% term ay, = a + 11(A) = 213 + 11(-8) = 125 Shiv Bas Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) 27. Here a = ~6, -2- (-6) As we know, a+ (n= 1) d 6+ (n-1)4 = (n-)4 4, 58 4, = 58 +6= 64 = (1-1) 3 n= 16 61'=17 (oda) Midale term = (*224)" o term } term = 9" term 6 +32=26 - (8 y= a+ 8d =-6 +8) Middle term = 26 37 71 Tee 28. Given: AP. 20, Herea=20, For first negative term, ¢, < 0 = a+(r-Id<0 5 tor m-n(-} = 3n-3>80 Fqr-1)<-20 = 3(n-1)>80 > 3% 83 | a | =n D = n> 278 | 3 sts negative term is 28% term, | | | ‘Sum of first n terms of an A.P. CATEGORY I (2 Marks) 29. How many terms of the A.P. 27, 24, 21, should be taken so that their sum is zero? (2016D) How many terms of the A.P. 65, 60, 55, .. be taken so that their sum is zero? 2016D) ‘The first and the last terms of an AP are 5 and 43 respectively. If the sum of all its terms is | 400, find its common difference. (2074p) | The first and the last terms of an AP are 8 and | 65 respectively. If the sum of all its terms is | 730, find its common difference. (2014D) | (3 Maho) | 33. Find the number of terms of the A.P. 18, 15%2, | 13, my ~49%4 and find the sum of all its terms. «| 20130) | ‘The 14" term of an AP is twice its 8" term. If | its 6 term is -8, then find the sum of its first | 20 terms. (201500) | The 13" term of an AP is four times its 3 term. If its fifth term is 16, then find the sum of its first ten terms, (201500) 30. 31. 32, 34. | | : Lo — iChapter 5: Arithmetic Progressions 36. If the sum of first 7 terms of an A.P is 49 and that of its first 17 terms is 289, find the sum of first 1 terms of the A.P. 2016D) ‘The first term of an A.P. is 5, the last term is 45 and the sum of all its terms is 400. Find the | number of terms and the common difference | of the AP, (201700) | ‘The sum of the first seven terms of an AP is | 182. If its 4** and the 17% terms are in the ratio | 1:5, find the AP. (201400) Find the 60! term of the AP 8, 10, 12, ., if it has a total of 60 terms and hence find the sum Of its last 10 terms. 201500) | ‘An Arithmetic Progression 5, 12, 19, .. has 50 terms. Find its last term. Hence find the sum of its last 15 terms. (201500) If the sum of first 4 terms of an A.P. is 40 and that of first 14 terms is 280, find the sum of its first n terms. 20110) The first and the last terms of an A.P. are 8 and 350 respectively. If its common difference is 9, how many terms are there and what is their sum? 01D) Sum of the first 20 terms of an AP is -240, and its first term is 7. Find its 24" term. (2012D) (4 Marke, 44. Find the common difference of an A.P. whose first term is 5 and the sum of its first four terms is half the sum of the next four terms. (20120D) If the sum of the first 7 terms of an AP. is 119 and that of the first 17 terms is 714, find the sum of its first 1 terms. (20120D) Find the number of terms of the A.P. -12, -9, 6, 21. IF 1 is added to each term of this A.P., then find the sum of all terms of the A.P. thus obtained. (2013D) In an AP of 50 terms, the sum of first 10 terms is 210 and the sum of its last 15 terms is 2565. Find the AP. (2014D) SOLUTIONS (2 Marko) 29, Here, 1" term, @ = 27 Common difference, d= 24 - 27 Given: S, = 0 37. 38, 39, a1, 2, 7. > Bit (nti) =0 = F127) + (#- 1-3) =0 = n(G4-3n+3)=0 Gs or (67-3n)=0 = -Bn=-57 => n=19 Since n, i, number of terms cannot be zero. ‘Number of terms = 19 30. 1* term, a = 65 Common difference, d = 60 ~ 65 5, {Given = Flat (H- 1d =0 => $1265) + (n-1)(-5)] =0 = 1130 -5n +5) =0 = n(135 - 5n) = 0 = 120 or 135-51 = = Sn =-135 3 122 ce n, i.e, number of terms can not be zero. Number of terms = 27 31. Here, a, = 45, §, = 400, a=5, n=2, d=? Now, Hla + | at (n= 1d o+aj-400 | 5+(n-na-as $150] = 400 (n-1)d= 40 = 400 7 n= 246 49] 6 -1)4= 40 fFrom (3) 32. Here a, = @=8; a, = 65 Given: S, = 730 = 4@+65)=700 5.=%ay+4,) 4 (73) = 730 ae n= 730% 2 =20 Now, a, = a+ (n~1)d = 65 8+'Q0-1)d=65 = 19d =65-8=57 d=3 (3 Marko) 33, Here 1* term, a = 18 ‘Common difference, d= 15534, 35. =135, m-9( 2 (n= 1) (5) = -135 135 (r-1)= 8 =27 - Total number of terms, n= 27 +1 = 28 Ass= Feta) 2 Sym Zfis+(2)] grate an 6-99 21452) «700 «att Let st term, d = Common difference ha ig {Given a Bite 2@e7o Beas => a+13d = 20+ 14d => la-2a= 14d - 13d > 0 {Given tom (0 => d=-2 Value of d put in equation (i), we get = and = a=-(2) Now, 2 Now, Sum of first 20 terms, So = FRx 2+ 0-1-2) = Fat (nya) So 3 = 4a, > a+ 12d =4(a+ 2d = a+12d~4a-8d=0 3s 3 idem ae Now, j= 16 => at+4d=16 30 = a+4(%) =16 Thief runs = 1 mins LE Policeman runs = (1-1) mins 10 ~ 100 = 10, ‘n’ =n - (= 1)terms Here, a = 100, 8, = Fl2a+ (wd 100n = 59 faca00) + x -1 - 1)000) (n= 1) [200 + 10n ~ 20) = 200n (—1) [10m + 180] = 200n 10n2 + 180n ~ 101 ~ 180 - 200 = 0 410n2 - 30n - 180 = 0 m=3n-18=0 «[Dividing both sides by 10 1? 6+ 3-18 = 0 nen -6) +36 -6)=0 (i #3) (n-6)=0 n+3=0 or n-6=0 n=3 orn But n (time) can not be negative. 1. Time taken by policeman to catch the thief n-1=6-1=5 minutes Boduae Fuyuua eee 72. 73. 37, Let total time be n minutes. Total distance covered by thief in n minutes Total distance covered by policeman nd, ain. 2% in in tems Bec) 7 Ga Here, a = 60, d= 65 - 60=5,'n'=n-2 S, = 5l2a+ (n- 1d] (n- 2-05] => (1 ~2) [120 + 51 ~ 15] = 100n = (n= 2) [Sn + 105] = 100n = 5y? #1051 = 10n 210 ~ 100 = 0 = bn? 5-210 =0 = m= n= 42=0 ..{Dividing both sides by 5 > m®-In+6n-42=0 = 2 =) 9660) + 50n = z [2(60) nla ~7) + 6(0 - 7) = (1-7) (n+6)=0 -7=0 or n¥6 or m= =6 (reject) But m (time) can not be negative. .. Time taken by policeman to catch the thief =n -2=7-2=5 minutes Here the AP. is 1, 2,3, su 49 Here a=1,d= 1,4, = 49 Now, = Stes a-1-na Spx—1) = S49 ~ Sx nla (n- Da = Bora + asa - = Fas asa) K-12 + K- x Flas X- 1d 490+ 48) -X2+ KD] 450 — X(X +1) 2450 - X2 =X vuyuug % x =35 AX can not be -ve.1. Do the numbers J3,/12,/27,/48 AP? Two A.P.s have the same common difference. ‘The first term of one A.P. is 2 and that of the other is 7. The difference between their 10% terms is the same as the difference between their 21* terms, which is the same as the difference between any two corresponding terms. Why? In which of the following situations, do the lists of numbers involved form an A.P.? Give reasons for your answers. () The fee charged from a student every ‘month by a school for the whole session, when the monthly fee is €400. (i) The fee charged every month by a school from Classes I to XII, when the monthly fee for Class I is £250 and it increases by 350 for the next higher class. (iii) The amount of money in the account of Varun at the end of every year when %1000 is deposited at simple interest of 10% pa. (2) The number of bacteria in a certain food item after each second, when they double in every second. Justify whether it is true to say that the following are the n® terms of an A.P. ()n-3 i) 1+ n+ MSA een. 1. V3, VT2, \27,VB..... ie..V3,2N3,3V3, 43, Ee 4. Here, «= V3, a= 23,0, =3V3 and ay = 4y3 Now, dy = az - a = 23 - V3 = V3 = dy ay a= 33 - 23 = 3 and d= aj~a,=4y3 -33 = VB As d; = dz = ds, therefore given list of numbers forms as A.P. . Let the first term of first A.P, and second A.P. is ‘Ay and a respectively. Let the common difference of two APs = d We have, Ay = 2,a,=7,d=? IMPORTANT NCERT EXEMPLAR Problems & Selutions ‘Shiv Bas Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) According to question, Ago ~ Mag = Axi ~ fay = An ~ Ay (As + 9d) ~ (ay + 9d) = (Ay + 20d) ~ (6 Aaa, Aya =A, 2-7 =A, a, Aen Id - 5 a+ (n- 1a) A-a= = 2-7 5=-5 (Hence proved) The fee charged from a student every month by a school for the whole session is, 400, 400, 400, 400, As the difference between successive terms of given list of numbers is same as 0, so it forms an AP, with common difference, d = 0. The monthly fee from I to XII is given as: 250, (250 + 50), (250+ 2 x 50), (250 +3 % 50) 250, 300, 350, 400, Here, d; = 300 - 250 = 50 350 - 300 = 50 100 ~ 350 = 50 As, a, = dy = dy, therefore given list of numbers formed by monthly fees from I to XII forms an AP. u = 2 @ @ Principal Rate Time 10 1100031031 = 1x11 ~ 109 So, the amount of money in the account of Varun at end of every year is given as: 1000, (1000 + 100% 1), (1000 + 100 x 2), (1000 + 100 3), ie, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, Here, d, = 1100 ~ 1000 = 100 = 1200 - 1100 = 100 4; = 1300 ~ 1200 = 100 As, dy = dy = dy, therefore given list of numbers forms an A.P. Let the number of bacteria present in food initially = x Since, they double in every second Therefore, number of bacteria after every second are given as %, 2x, 220), 2(2 % 2x), be, x, 2x, Ax, Bx, Here, dy (ii) Simple Interest = (i)Chapter 5: Arithmetic Progressions 4. ue 9. 10, n. 13. 14. As, dy = dy = dey therefore given list of numbers forms an AP. ( Yes, Here, a,, Put n Put Put n Put Now, 1, 3, Sow forms an AP. Thus, 2n - 3 is the nt term of an A.P. (ii) No. Here, fmt ne Put n= 1, a =1+1 + (1) Put n= 2,q)=1+2+ Q)2=14+2+4=7 1434 @)2=14349=13 1444 (@P=144+16=21 7-3 As, dy # dy # dy therefore list of numbers 3, 7, 13, Zn does not form an A.P. Thus, 1 + 1 + nis not the nth term of an AP. Find a, b and c such that the following numbers are in A.P. a, 7, b, 23 and c. Determine k so that k? + 4k + 8, 2k? + 3k + 6, 3K? + dk + 4 are three consecutive terms of an AP. The angles of a triangle are in A.P. If the | greatest angle is twice the least, find all the angles of the triangle. Which term of the A.P. 53, 48, 43.... is the first negative term? If a,, = 3 ~ 4n, then show that ay, dy, dor form an A.P. Also, find Sag. Inan ALP, if S, = n(4n +1), then find the A.P. In an AP,, if S, = 3n? + 5 and a, = 164, then find the value of k. Find the sum of all the 11 terms of an A.P. whose middle most term is 30. Find the sum of last ten terms of the A.P. 8,10, | Wyasny 126, Find the sum of first seven numbers which are multiples of 2 as well as of 9. (we 15.) The sum of the first m terms of an A.P. whose first term is 8 and the common difference is 20 is equal to the sum of first 2 terms of another AP. whose first term is -30 and the common difference is 8. Find n. #16. Yasmeen saves %32 during the first month, 736 in the second month and %40 in the third month. If she continues to save in this manner, in how many months will she save 2000? Nie Sasy 5, Here, dy =7-a m0) b-7 (ii) B-b (iii) c- 23 fio) Since a, 7, b, 23 and care in AP.. Therefore, dy = dy = d = dy Taking (ii) and (iif), we get b-7=2-b => %=30 = b=15 Taking (i) and (i), we get 7 5-7 [Using b = 15 = asd Taking (iii) and (iv), we get B-b=c-B => B-b=c-23 [Using b = 15 => 8=c-B = 8+B=c = c=31 Hence, a = -1, b = 15, c= 31 6. The numbers k2 + 4k + 8, 2K2 + 3k + 6, 3k?+ 4k +4 are three consective terms of an A.P. if (22 + 3k + 6) ~ (2 + 4k +8) = GE + 4k +4) ~ (2 + 3k + 6) = B-k-2=R4+k-2 = -k=k>%k=0=k=0 Hence, the value of k = 0 7. Let a - d, a, a+ d be the three angles of the triangle that form A.P. According to the question, 2Ya-d=atd 2Qa-2Wd=atd a A) (a-d) +a (a+ d) = 180° wfAngle-sum-property of aA * 3a= 180° => a= 60° fii) From (i) and (ii), 3d= 60° d = 20° Now, the angles are, a~ d= 60° ~ 20° = 40° a= 60° a +d = 60° + 20° = 80°es 8 1. ). Given that, nt" term of the series is a, ). Given: §, = n(4n + 1) oli) Given: a, = 53, d= 48 - 53 For 1% ve term, a, < 0 a+ (n-1d<0 53 + (n- 1)(-5) <0 53-5 +5<0 58-5 <0 16 Method un! Method 58 <5 i) 38 of 116 or n>116 z. 18 -ve term is 12" term, Put n= 1, ~4(1) = Put = 2, -4Q)=3 - Put 1 =3, 3-4@)=3-12 | Putn=4, 3-4(4) = So, the series becomes -1, Here, dy = ay ~ a dy = 3 ~ ay dy = a ~ a5 = -13 - (9) Since, dy ds, s0 given series of terms form | an AP. Now, So = 5 [2a + (n - 1)d] [Here n = 20 0(-2 + (19)(-4)) = 10(-2 - 76) 10 x ~78 = -780 Hence, the sum of 20 terms of A.P. -1,-5,9, We know that, the n'™ term of an A.P. is given as: | a, = ndn +1) ~(n- HlaQn-1) +1) [Using = 2 +n ~ (n~ 1)(4n ~ = 2 + m= dni? + An + 3 = 3 > 4,=8n- Put m= 1, a; = 8(1) -3 Pat 1227 8Q)-3 Put n= 3,3 = 8@) - % Hence, the required AP. is 5, 13, 21, Given: S,=3n? +5n ..(f) and a, = 164 We know that, y= Sy Sy a =a, = 3n2 + Bn 3(n - 1}? - 5(n- 1) [Using (0 => ty = 3n2 + Sn 3(n? +1 - In) - Bn #5 Sa, =3n2 +5 - 312-3 + 6n Sn +5 > 4,-6n42 i) Putting n= k in equation (i), we get: % Shiv Bas Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) > 6-10. k=27 12 Since the total numberof terms ie, = 11, which is odd. Midate term = ©" frm BED ga Lo 6h term We have given, ag = 30 Ss at3d= 30 ol) Now, Sy = la + (1d un Su= Fla + 104) Si = 11(@ + 5d) = 11 x 30 = 330 -{Using () Hence, the sum of all the 11 terms of A.P. is 330, 13. For finding, the sum of last ten terms, we write the given A.P. in reverse order. So, the new A.P. becomes: 126, ... 12, 10, 8 i) Here, first term, a= 126 and, common difference, d = 8 ~ 10 = -2 As, sum of first m terms of an A.P. is given as: S,= Flea + (x 1)d) So = 2212026) + 0 - 1)¢-2) 5[2(126) + 9(-2)] = 5(252 - 18) 234 = 1170 Hence the sum of last ten terms of the A.P. 8 10,12) 126 is 170. 14. To find” the series of numbers which are multiples of 2 as weil as of 9, we first take the LCM of 2 and , whichis 18 So, the series of numbers which are multiples of 2s well as of 9 is: 18, 36, 54, Here, a= 18, 6-18 = 18,1 =7 Now, Sorc) s5= Zia + = m9 z 316 + 6 « 18] =7 «72 = 508 dy = 20 first term (23) = -30, d ‘Iy) 15. For first APs 0, For second AP. We have given, 2 eu + Qn 1)d) Fm + (n-Chapter 5: Arithmetic Progressions 16. 18. 19. a [2(8) + (nr ~1)20] = 2[2(-30) + (2m - 1)8] 16 + 20 ~ 20 = 2[-60 + 16n - 8] 20m - 4 = 2[16n - 68] 20n - 4 = 32n - 136 -12n = -136 +4 -12 = -132 guuguy 2B ‘Amount saved during the first month = %32 Amount saved during the second month = %36 ‘Amount saved during the third month = %40 Thus, we have an A.P. 32, 36, 40, Here: a = 32, d= 36-32 = 4,5, We know that, S,, = 7a + (n= 1d] 2000 = 200= $12 * 32+ (n= 1) x4] 200 = (64-4 4n 4) u 2000 = 5 (60 + 4n) 2000 = 25 +n) 1000 = n(15 + n) n+ 151 ~ 1000 = 1 + 40n ~ 251 - 1000 (+ 40) ~ 25( + 40) {n + 40)(n - 25) =0 (1 +40)=0 or (n-25)=0 n=25 or n =-40 (rejected) Hence, £2000 will be saved in 25 months. eUduudus eastern ‘The sum n of the first five terms of an A.P. and ‘the sum of the first seven terms of the same A.P. is 167. If the sum of the first ten terms of this A.P. is 235, find the sum of its first twenty terms. Find the sum of those integers from 1 to 500 which are multiples of 2 or 5. The eighth term of an A. is haf its second term and the eleventh term exceeds one-third of its fourth term by 1. Find the 15t* term. ‘An AP. consists of 37 terms. The sum of the three middle most terms is 225 and the sum of the last three terms is 429. Find the A.P. Find the sum of the integers between 100 and 200 that are not isible by 9. The ratio of the 11" term to the 18** term of an A.P. is 2: 3, Find the ratio of the 5 term to the 21% term and also the ratio of the sum of the first five terms to the sum of the first 21 terms. (war ‘Show that the sum of an A.P. whose first term, is a, the second term b and the last term c, is equal to (1tei+e~2a) qual to EO Solve the equation ~4 + (-1) +2+ 17. Let the first term, common difference and the number of terms of given AP. be a, d and n respectively. ‘Sum of first five terms of an AP. is given as, (a+ 6-1) Sara = 50+2i 24. += 437, Sa-+ 10a al) Sum of first seven terms of an A.P. is given as, § = Sane = 1d) = Se Fin + 6d = 70 +34) = S=%a+nd « According to question, Ss + S; = 167 Sa Sut 10d + Ta + Zid = 167. [From () & (2) S i+ 31d = 167 i) Also, we have given, Sig = 235 = Byes ao-1q +235 = 5(2a+ 9d) = 235 S +9947 (i) Solving equation (i) & (o), we get ‘1pl2a + 31d = 167 => 12a + 31d 2a +d 120+ Sud = 282 = Bd=115 a Putting value of d in equation (fo), we get +95) =47 = 45 = m=2 = 20 Now, Say = 5 [2a + (20 - 1)d] Soq = 10[2 * (1) +19 x ()] = 10(2 + 95) Sq = 10 « 97 = 970 Hence, the sum of first twenty terms of A.P. is 970 . 18, Since, multiples of 2 or 5 from 1 to 500 = Multiple of 2 from 1 to 500 + Multiples of 5 from 11 to 500 - Multiple of 10 from 1 to 500 24, 6, ny 500) + (5, 10, 15, ny 500) = (10, 20, any 500) (9)19. 20. 3 500 Let number of terms in A.P, A.P.z and A.Ps be ny ng and ny respectively. For AP., 500 = 2+ (n, ~ 1) x2 = B0=1+(m-1) = m= 250 For A.P.z, 500 = 5 + (n)- 1) *5 = 100=1+(m-1) = m= 100 For AP, 500 = 10 + (73 - 1) * 10 = 50=1+(i5-1) > m=50 ‘Thus, from equation (i), ‘Sum of Multiples of 2 or 5 from 1 to 500 um of (2,4, 6, «. 500) + Sum of 6,10, ... 500) = Sum of (10, 20, ... 500) "11 + 500] + "2 [5 fy 12 + 500) + °2 [5 + 500] ~ [10 + 500) = 62750 + 25250 - 12750 88000 - 12750 = 75250 Let the first term and common difference of A.P. be a and d respectively. According to question, 4 a 2% 1 at 7d = 5 (a+ d)[Using, a, = a+ (n= 1)d = let td=a+d = a= -13d (i) L Now, ay = 54441 a crime erage = 30+30d=0+3d+3 = M+27d=3 213d) + 27d = 3 = 26d +274 =3 ad Putting value of d in equation (i), we get a+13Q)=0 = a=-39 Sg =a + 1d = -39 + 14) = -39 + 42 = 3 Given: Total number of terms ie, = 37, which is odd. {From (A) ‘ Midale term = 270" term = 19% term So, the three middle most terms are 18", 19% and 20 terms, ‘Shiv Bas Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics X) Here, sum of the three midclle most terms =25 fe, ayy + ayo + agg = 225, [Given > (a+ 17d) + (a+ 18d) + (a + 19d) = 225 [ea at (n= 1d > Ba + 54d = 225 > at Bi=75 ol) Also, given that, sum of last three terms = 429 a5 + yg + ayy = 429 (a+ 34d) + (@ + 35d) + (@ + 36d) = 429 = 3a + 105d = 429 3 a+ 35d= 143 i) On subtracting equation (i) from equation (i), we get 17d = 68 = d=4 Putting value of a+ 18(4) = = 4-7-2 Required A. ive, 3, 7, U1, 15, wn 21, The sum of the integers between 100 and 200 which is not divisible by 9 = (Sum of total numbers between 100 and 200) - (Sum of total number between 100 and 200 which is divisible 1 in equation (), we get 5 2a 4,0 +d,a+2,a+ Bdyn by 9) ) The integers between 100 and 200 are 101, 102, 103, 198, As we know, a = 1= a+ (= 1)d = 199 = 101+ (n-1)1 3 (1-1) = 99 89 = 2 tao) + 09-11) = 21202 + 981 = 2 x 300 = 99 x 150 = 14850 i ‘The integers between 100 and 200 divisible by 9 are 108, 117,126, sone 198. Here a; = 108, d= 117 - 108 = 9, 4, = 198 an a+ (nt 198 = 108 + (n= 19 198 - 108 = 9n 9 %9 Ben = on=0 9 Sy = FB * 108 + 10 « 9} (iy Therefore, Sum of the integers between 100 and 200 which are not divisible by 9 = 14850 ~ 1683 = 13167 {Using (0, (i) (ii) = Zpaie + 90] = 1688Chapter 5: Arithmetic Progressions 22. Let a and d be the first term and. common difference of an A.P. Now, n'® term of an A.P. is given as: y= a+ (n~ 1d Therefore, 11° term of A.P, ay, =a + 10d And, 18 term of A.P., qg= a+ 17d According to question, my tg = 2 a+iod 2 a+i7d “3 | = 30+ 30d = 2a + 34d => a=4d (i) Now, a5 =a+4d=4d+4d=8d {Using () And, ayy = a+ 20d = 4d + 20d = 24d [Using (9) 5: yy = Bd : Ad = 1:3 Now, sum of first five terms of A.P. is given as, $5 = a+ 6-1] = F2¢4 + 40) waUsing = 3 x 12d = 30d Sum of the first 21 terms of A.P. is given as, Su = 2 ppae @t ty» 2 fa +200 er 2 (ena) = 2040 So, ratio of the sum of the first five terms of the AP. to the sum ofits first 21 terms is given as Ss Sqy = 30d: 294d = 8249 28, Given? AD. is as 4b Here, first term, ‘a! = Common difference, and last term,‘ = ay > at(a-1b-a) nfUsing a, = a+ (n= Dd tees ba_bee-2e ba baa © «+ Required sum of AP. is given as, 8, = 5120+ (n~ ahd - 0] J (e+c-20) = ahaw Cate a) foci +e~2a) = 1ge= 29 Grane proved) Siven: Equation ip 4-142 +..." 437 odd 4,d=-1+4=3,1= : oe. nd = ree rt ore = ne tthe m7 = nn Sum of an AP., S, = “ [2a + (n - 1d] oe 4734 of wlGiven 8, = 437 107 22 ga x44) = GEM C8" yy x2 + 7x ~ dr ~ 28 = 437 «6 x2 + By ~ 28 - 2622 x2 + By ~ 2650 = 0 x2 + 58x ~ 50x ~ 2650 x(x + 53) - 50(x + 53) (& ~ 50) + 53) =0 0 or x45 or x= -53 (rejected) Hence, the required value of x = 50. uuuuurArithmetic Progressions 1. Find the production during the first year. (a) 4,000 sets (©) 2,000 sets (6) 6,000 sets (2) 5,000 sets 2. The increase in production every year is a fixed number. What is that number? (a) 2000 () 2200 (0) 1900 (4 2400 3. Production during first 3 years is (a) 21400 (6) 2600 (o) 21600 (@) 11500 4. The year in which the production is %29,200. ( 12 4 (915 16 5. Difference of the production during 7th year and 4th year. (a) 6650 & 6610 (0) 6601 (@ 6600 IL Your friend Veer wants to participate in a 200 m race. He can currently run that distance | in 51 seconds and with each day of practice it takes him 2 seconds less. He wants to do in 31 seconds. 1. India is competitive manufacturing location due to the low cost of manpower and strong technical and engineering capabilities contributing to higher quality production runs. The production of TV sets in a factory increases uniformly by a fixed number every year. It produced 16,000 sets in 6 year and 22,600 sets in 9"* year, maa CASE BASED QUESTIONS 6. Which of the following terms are in AP for the given situation: (@) 51,53, 55, (6) 51,49, 47, (¢) -51, -53, @ 51, 55, 59. 7. What is the minimum number of days he needs to practice till his goal is achieved: (@) 10 or @n @9 8. Which of the following terms is not in the AP of the above given situation @ai 3 ~37 Wx 9. If nth term of an AP is given by a, = 2n + 3 then common difference of an AP is (2 ®3 5 ji The value of x, for which 2x, x +10, 3x + 2 are three consecutive terms of an A.P. (6 6 (18-18 TIL. Your elder brother wants to buy a car and plans to take loan from a bank for his car. He repays his total loan of €1,18,000 by paying every month starting with the first instalment of 71,000. If he increases the instalment by 7100 every month, answer the following: 10. 11. The amount paid by him in 30th instalment is (a) 3900 (&) 3500 (©) 3700 (a) 3600CHAPTER-S: Arithmetic Progressions 12. The amount paid by him in the 30 instalments (a) 837,000 () 373,500 (0) 375,300 (@ 775,000 13. What amount does he still have to pay after 30th instalment? (a) %45,500 (6) 44,500 (@) 354,000 | 14. If total instalments are 40, then amount paid in | the last instalment? | (a) 24900 ( 33900 (e) 85900 (a 29400 15, The ratio of the Ist instalment to the last installment is (®) %49,000 (a) 1:49 ( 10:49 (9 10:39 (@ 39:10 IV. Ina pathology lab, a culture test was conducted. In the test, the number of bacteria taken into consideration in various samples are all 3-digit numbers that are divisible by 7, taken in order. On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions: 16. How many bacteria are considered in the fifth sample? (a) 126 ( 140 (9) 133 (us 17. How many samples should be taken into consideration? (a) 129 ( 128 (o) 130 (127 18. Find the total number of bacteria in the first 10 samples. ‘ones (as | (0 1302 (a 1540 | 19. How many bacteria are there in the 7th sample from the last? (a) 952 (945 (6) 959 (a 966 20, The number of bacteria in 50" sample is (a) 546 (b) 553 (©) 448 (a 496 | v. a. Vi 26. 27. 28. 29. Amit was playing the number card game. In the ‘game, some number cards (having both +ve or -ve numbers) are arranged in a row such that they are following an_ arithmetic progression. On his first turn, Amit picks up 6! and 14" card and finds their sum to be -76. On the second turn he picks up 8 and 16! card and finds their sum to be -96. Based on the above information, answer the following questions: What is the difference between the numbers on any two consecutive cards? @7 5 On ws The number on first card is @2 63 @5 Wz . What is the number on the 19'* card? @ 88) 83-92 (a) -102 |. What is the number on the 23" card? (a) -103 (6) 122 () -108 (a) -117 The sum of numbers on the first 15 cards is (a) 840 (6) 945 () -427 (a) ~420 Plates of same size are arranged in stacks as shown in given figure. a Based on the above situation, answer the following questions: How many plates will be there in the 10" stack? @2 (6) 2B (29 32 Which of the following can not be the number of plates in any of the stacks? 2% 3 AT (53 If the diameter of a plate is 14 cm, what will be the area of canvas required to just cover the third stack given width of a plate to be 0.5 cm? () 194 cme (@ 330 cm? What will be the weight of the 11'* stack of plates if 1 cm? of the material weights 5 g? (a) 12.32 kg. (b) 13.48 kg, (0) 885 kg (a) 9.625 kg, suo;sang gasva isvi