PROJECT SYNOPSIS

of

HEART ATTACK PREDICTION

SYSTEM

Submitted in the partial fulfillment of Bachelors of

Technology in

Computer Science and Engineering

Submitted by
Student Name: Harkirat Singh, Shivam Gupta &
Amandeep
University Roll No : 2003652 , 2003686 ,2003635

Under the guidance

Of
Dr.Parveen Kakkar

DAV Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jalandhar

(2020-2024)
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ABSTRACT
A heart attack occurs when blood flow to the heart is blocked , usually by blood clot . This can
cause pain in the chest , which may feel like pressure , squeezing , fullness or pain . This may also
radiate to other parts of the body.
The aim of the study is to develop a heart attack prediction system using machine learning
algorithms. The system was trained on a large dataset of patients with and without a history of heart
attacks and was validated on an independent dataset. The system uses a range of patient
characteristics, including age, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and medical history, to predict the
likelihood of a heart attack occurring within a specific time frame. The algorithms used that are
included in machine learning are- logistic regression, random forest, and support vector machines.
In conclusion, the heart attack prediction system developed has the potential to improve the early
detection and prevention of heart attacks.
Keywords - logistic regression, random forest, and support vector machines.

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INTRODUCTION

The heart is a kind of muscular organ which pumps blood into the body and is the central part of
the body’s cardiovascular system which also contains lungs. Cardiovascular system also comprises
a network of blood vessels, for example, veins, arteries, and capillaries. These blood vessels deliver
blood all over the body. Abnormalities in normal blood flow from the heart cause several types of
heart diseases which are commonly known as cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Heart diseases are
the main reasons for death worldwide. According to the survey of the World Health Organization
(WHO), 17.5 million total global deaths occur because of heart attacks and strokes. More than 75%
of deaths from cardiovascular diseases occur mostly in middle-income and low-income countries.
Also, 80% of the deaths that occur due to CVDs are because of stroke and heart attack .

Therefore, detection of cardiac abnormalities at the early stage and tools for the prediction of heart
diseases can save a lot of life and help doctors to design an effective treatment plan which ultimately
reduces the mortality rate due to cardiovascular diseases. Due to the development of advance
healthcare systems, lots of patient data are nowadays available (i.e. Big Data in Electronic Health
Record System) which can be used for designing predictive models for Cardiovascular diseases.
Data mining or machine learning is a discovery method for analyzing big data from an assorted
perspective and encapsulating it into useful information. “Data Mining is a non-trivial extraction of
implicit, previously unknown and potentially useful information about data” .

With the advancement in the medical field, importance on collecting and storing data about different
diseases has increased at a fast pace and this kind of data is easily available and accessible to the
researchers. This huge amount of data can be filtered out and be used in unimaginable ways possible
using data structure and data mining.

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There are many studies that have used machine learning to predict heart disease. Here are a few
examples:

1. A study published in the journal Circulation used machine learning to develop a predictive
model for heart failure. The model was based on data from over 5,000 patients, and was able
to accurately predict heart failure risk in individual patients.
2. Another study, published in the journal PLOS One, used machine learning to predict
cardiovascular disease risk in a population of over 150,000 patients. The model was able to
identify patients at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease, and could be used to
inform prevention strategies.
3. A study published in the journal Scientific Reports used machine learning to identify new
risk factors for heart disease. The researchers trained a machine learning model on data from
over 300,000 patients, and found that factors such as air pollution, social isolation, and
alcohol consumption were all associated with increased risk of heart disease.

These are just a few examples of the many studies that have used machine learning to predict and
prevent heart disease. Machine learning has the potential to improve our understanding of heart
disease and help doctors develop more personalized prevention and treatment strategies.

Our project aims to function using machine learning with the help of the accessible to create a heart
attack detection system.

OBJECTIVES
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There are several objectives behind developing a heart attack prediction system using machine
learning. Here are a few:

 Early detection: One of the primary objectives of a heart attack prediction system is to detect
patients who are at high risk of having a heart attack in the near future. By identifying these
patients early, doctors can take steps to prevent a heart attack from occurring or mitigate the
damage if one does occur.
 Personalized treatment: A heart attack prediction system can also help doctors develop
personalized treatment plans for patients who are at high risk of having a heart attack. By
analyzing patient data and risk factors, the system can identify the most effective treatment
options for each patient.
 Resource allocation: A heart attack prediction system can also help hospitals and healthcare
systems allocate their resources more effectively. By identifying patients who are at high
risk of having a heart attack, hospitals can prioritize their care and ensure that they receive
the necessary resources and treatments.
 Patient education: A heart attack prediction system can also help educate patients about their
risk factors and encourage them to adopt healthier lifestyles. By providing patients with
personalized risk assessments and recommendations, the system can help them take
proactive steps to prevent a heart attack from occurring.

Overall, the objective of a heart attack prediction system is to improve patient outcomes and reduce
the burden of heart disease on healthcare systems. By leveraging machine learning to analyze patient
data and identify risk factors, these systems have the potential to transform the way we prevent and
treat heart disease.

Scope of Project
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The scope of making a device based on heart attack prediction using machine learning is quite broad.
Such a device could have several potential applications in healthcare, including:

1. Wearable devices: A heart attack prediction system could be integrated into wearable
devices, such as smartwatches or fitness trackers. These devices could monitor patients'
heart rates, blood pressure, and other vital signs, and provide real-time alerts if the patient's
risk of having a heart attack increases.

2. Diagnostic tools: A heart attack prediction system could also be integrated into diagnostic
tools, such as electrocardiograms (ECGs) or echocardiograms. These tools could use
machine learning algorithms to analyse patient data and identify signs of heart disease or
increased risk of a heart attack.

3. Remote monitoring: A heart attack prediction system could be used for remote patient
monitoring, allowing doctors to track patients' health status from a distance. This could be
particularly useful for patients who are at high risk of having a heart attack and need close
monitoring , but may not be able to visit a healthcare provider in person.

4. Decision support systems: A heart attack prediction system could be integrated into clinical
decision support systems, providing doctors with real-time information about patients' risk
factors and treatment options. This could help doctors make more informed decisions about
patient care and improve patient outcomes.

Overall, the scope of making a device based on heart attack prediction using machine learning is
quite broad, and could have a significant impact on the way we prevent and treat heart disease. By
leveraging machine learning algorithms to analyze patient data and identify risk factors, such a
device could help improve patient outcomes, reduce healthcare costs, and save lives.

Tools and Technologies

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1) BACKEND
a) Django- Django is a free and open-source, Python-based web framework that follows the
model–template–views architectural pattern. It is maintained by the Django Software
Foundation, an independent organization established in the US as a 501 non-profit
b) Python- Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language. Its design
philosophy emphasizes code readability with the use of significant indentation via the off-
side rule. Python is dynamically typed and garbage-collected

2) FRONTEND
a) Tkinter- Tkinter is a Python binding to the Tk GUI toolkit. It is the standard Python interface
to the Tk GUI toolkit, and is Python's de facto standard GUI. Tkinter is included with
standard Linux, Microsoft Windows and macOS installs of Python. The name Tkinter comes
from Tk interface.
b) HTML- The HyperText Markup Language or HTML is the standard markup language for
documents designed to be displayed in a web browser. It is often assisted by technologies
such as Cascading Style Sheets and scripting languages such as JavaScript.

3) Libraries like pandas, matplotlib, sklearn, seaborn library by drawing heatmap, scatter plots,
boxplots, numpy, predicting accuracy of the model through accuracy score defined in SciKit-
learn

Fig.1 : Bar Graph ( Data Visualization)

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