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3 - Bus Admittance Matrix

The document discusses the bus admittance matrix (Ybus) which describes a power system with N buses. It covers the basic concept of Ybus, how it is formed by applying KCL at each bus, and provides numerical examples of calculating Ybus for different systems. Properties discussed include Ybus being a square N×N matrix that can be easily formed and modified to model changes to the power system configuration.

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654 views

3 - Bus Admittance Matrix

The document discusses the bus admittance matrix (Ybus) which describes a power system with N buses. It covers the basic concept of Ybus, how it is formed by applying KCL at each bus, and provides numerical examples of calculating Ybus for different systems. Properties discussed include Ybus being a square N×N matrix that can be easily formed and modified to model changes to the power system configuration.

Uploaded by

Raspberry Pi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Lecture 3

BUS ADMITTANCE MATRIX

Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi


Outline:
3a. Basic concept of Ybus.
3b. Formation of Ybus.
3c. Numerical examples on Ybus.
3d. Properties of Ybus.

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Lecture 3a

BASIC CONCEPT OF Ybus

Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi


Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC
Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC
Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC
What is bus admittance matrix?

• A matrix describing a power system with N buses. It gives


a clear picture about the interconnected power system and
buses.

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Lecture 3

BUS ADMITTANCE MATRIX

Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi


Outline:
3a. Basic concept of Ybus.
3b. Formation of Ybus.
3c. Numerical examples on Ybus.
3d. Properties of Ybus.

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Lecture 3b

FORMATION OF Ybus

Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi


Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC
By injecting a current and then applying KCL at all buses:

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


Rearranging the equations yields:

I1  ( y10 _12  y12 )V1  y12V2


I 2   y12V1  ( y20 _ 21  y12 )V2

Writing the equations in matrix form:

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


Observations:
• Diagonal elements:
Yii = sum of all admittances connected to bus i

n
Yii   yij ji
j 0

• Off-diagonal elements:
Yij = - (the admittance connected between buses i and j)

Yij  Y ji   yij
Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC
POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Lecture 3

BUS ADMITTANCE MATRIX

Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi


Outline:
3a. Basic concept of Ybus.
3b. Formation of Ybus.
3c. Numerical examples on Ybus.
3d. Properties of Ybus.

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Lecture 3c

NUMERICAL EXAMPLES ON Ybus

Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi


Example 1: Consider a 5-bus system with the following line
data as indicated in the table below. The table provides
information regarding the network topology of the system by
giving the bus numbers to which the lines are connected. The
table also provides the series resistance, series reactance and
the line charging susceptance for each line in per-unit on an
appropriately chosen base. Consider the π-equivalent model for
the transmission lines. Form Ybus matrix of this system.

Line data From bus To bus R (pu) X (pu) B (pu)


Transformer 1 2 0.01 0.05 0
Transmission line 2 3 0.05 0.25 0.2
Transmission line 2 5 0.06 0.4 0.2
Transmission line 3 4 0.05 0.2 0.1
Transformer 4 5 0 0.04 0

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


Solution: R and X are the parameters of Z. B is the parameter of Y.

Line data From bus To bus R (pu) X (pu) B (pu)


Transformer 1 2 0.01 0.05 0
Transmission line 2 3 0.05 0.25 0.2
Transmission line 2 5 0.06 0.4 0.2
Transmission line 3 4 0.05 0.2 0.1
Transformer 4 5 0 0.04 0

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


Line data From bus To bus R (pu) X (pu) B (pu)
Transformer 1 2 0.01 0.05 0
Transmission line 2 3 0.05 0.25 0.2
Transmission line 2 5 0.06 0.4 0.2
Transmission line 3 4 0.05 0.2 0.1
Transformer 4 5 0 0.04 0

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


All z’s must be converted to y’s:

Ybus matrix is now ready to be built.


Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC
Ybus will be 5×5 matrix of the form:

Y11 Y12 Y13 Y14 Y15 


Y Y22 Y23 Y24 Y25 
 21
Ybus  Y31 Y32 Y33 Y34 Y35 
 
Y41 Y42 Y43 Y44 Y45 
Y Y52 Y53 Y54 Y55 
Simply,  51

• Y11 is the summation of all admittances connected to bus 1.


• Y22 is the summation of all admittances connected to bus 2.
• Y33 is the summation of all admittances connected to bus 3.
• Y44 is the summation of all admittances connected to bus 4.
• Y55 is the summation of all admittances connected to bus 5.
These are the “diagonal elements”
Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC
How about the “off-diagonal” elements?

Simply,

• Y12 is the negative of the admittance between buses 1 & 2 in


the SLD. (Y21 = Y12)
• Y13 is the negative of the admittance between buses 1 & 3 in
the SLD. (Y31 = Y13)
• Y14 is the negative of the admittance between buses 1 & 4 in
the SLD. (Y41 = Y14)
• Y23 is the negative of the admittance between buses 2 & 3 in
the SLD. (Y32 = Y23)
• ….
• ….
• And so on.
Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC
This is the final Ybus matrix:

 3.8462  j19.2308  3.8462  j19.2308 0 0 0 


 3.8462  j19.2308 4.9821  j 25.322  0.7692  j 3.8462 0  0.3667  j 2.445 
 
Ybus   0  0.7692  j 3.8462 1.9457  j8.4021  1.1765  j 4.7059 0 
 
 0 0  1.1765  j 4.7059 1.1765  j 29.6559 j25 
 0  0.3667  j 2.445 0 j 25 0.3667  j 27.345

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


Example 2: the values marked on the SLD are the
impedances in pu. All resistances are neglected. Assume
voltages at buses 1, 2 and 4 are 1.0 pu with zero angle.
Determine the bus admittance matrix.

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


Solution:
Number of buses is N = 4. Therefore, Ybus is 4×4 matrix.
Voltage sources are converted to current sources and all
impedances are converted to admittances using:

1
y
z

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


Therefore,

And,
Y11 Y12 Y13 Y14 
Y 
Y22 Y23 Y24 
Ybus   21

Y31 Y32 Y33 Y34 


 
Y41 Y42 Y43 Y44 
Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC
The elements of Ybus are:

Y11   j  j 2.5  j 5   j8.5


Y12  Y21  j 2.5
Y13  Y31  j 5
Y14  Y41  0

Y22   j1.25  j 2.5  j 5   j8.75


Y23  Y32  j 5
Y24  Y42  0

Y33   j 5  j 5  j12.5   j 22.5


Y34  Y43  j12.5

Y44   j12.5
Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC
Finally,Ybus is:

  j8.5 j 2.5 j5 0 
 j 2.5  j8.75 j5 0 
Ybus  
 j5 j5  j 22.5 j12.5
 
 0 0 j12.5  j12.5 

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


Example 3: Obtain the bus admittance matrix of the system
shown below. The impedances in per unit are marked on the
SLD.

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


Solution:

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


Example 4: Assuming a voltage magnitude of 1.0 per unit at
buses 3 and 4, convert the loads to per unit impedances.
Convert network impedances to admittances and obtain the
bus admittance matrix.

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


Solution:

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC
Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC
POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Lecture 3

BUS ADMITTANCE MATRIX

Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi


Outline:
3a. Basic concept of Ybus.
3b. Formation of Ybus.
3c. Numerical examples on Ybus.
3d. Properties of Ybus.

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS

Lecture 3d

PROPERTIES OF Ybus

Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi


Properties of Ybus matrix:

• Square matrix (N × N).


• Its size identifies number of buses.
• Can be easily formed.
• Can be easily modified in case of any changes in the
system like addition or removal of a transmission line.
• Used in solving load flow problems.

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


• Symmetric matrix:

n(n  1)
number of entries needed to be stored=
2
Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC
• It represents the actual connection of buses.
• A sparse matrix: most of elements are zeros (more than
90 %)

How?
In a large power system the bus is connected to only
few (3 to 5) nearby buses.

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC


Example: IEEE 30 bus system:

Prepared by: Dr. Ahmad Al-Subhi - YIC

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