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Important Questions of Halo Alkanes and Halo Arenes Class XII, JEE NEET by DR Parihar

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187 views14 pages

Important Questions of Halo Alkanes and Halo Arenes Class XII, JEE NEET by DR Parihar

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Mayank Singh
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Short Answer Questions-Il Short Answer Questions-II (PYQ) .1. Draw the structures of the major monohalo product for each of the following reactions: [CBSE (F) 201 a. Fs ome Bey fest « — Ans. Ly 4+ Bry, heat GH—CH, cr a Br a. OL cn, t BF ——? Ans. ea, + HBr ——> CH, Q OH HCI, heat 2 HO—CH, OH on HA, heat or cl—cu: HO—C) Q.2. Write the major product(s) in the following reactions: [CBSE (F) 2076] Q. CH;—-OH ya, no Ans. CHy-OH pay, CHCl Q. QO Ey CHy Ans. OL ae, Br CH; CH a. CH,CH, Cl 2. 2 ‘Ans, CH3—C. me Q.3. How do you convert [CBSE East 2076) Q. chlorobenzene to toluene? Ans. -1 + 2Na + ClCH, SS. cH; + 2Nacl (Chlorobenzene Toluene Q. but-1-ene to but-2-ene? Ans. (CH,—CH,—CH == CH; “} CH,—CH,—CH—CHs ~" CH; —CH —— CH—CH3 Bet Leoe ‘But 2 ene a Q. ethanol to ethyl! lodide? Ans. 3CH;—CH,—OH + Ply From (Pand I) Ethyl alcohol S 3CH;—CH,—I + H3PO; Ethyl ioide Q.4. Following compounds are given to you: 2-Bromopentane, 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 1-Bromopentane [CBSE Delhi 2017, Q. Write the compound which is most reactive towards Sn2 reaction. Ans. 1-Bromopentane, it is primary halide therefore undergoes Sn2 reaction faster. Q. Write the compound which is optically active. Ans. 2-Bromopentane as carbon number two is symmetric carbon. Q. Write the compound which is most reactive towards f-elimination reaction. ‘Ans. 2-Bromo-2-methyl butane, because tertiary alkyl halides on dehydrogenation form ‘most substituted alkene which is more stable. Q.5. Answer the following questions [case (F) 2015, Q. Why are alkyl halides insoluble in water? Ans. This is due to the inability of alkyl halide molecule to form intermolecular hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Q. Why is butan-1-ol optically inactive but butan-2-ol is optically active? Ans. ou CHs—CH2*~ C— CHsdue to presence of a chiral carbon butan-2-ol is an " optically active compound, Q. Although chlorine is an electron withdrawing group, yet It |s ortho, para directing in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Why? Ans. As the weaker resonance (+ ) effect of Cl which stabilise the carbocation formed tends to oppose the stronger inductive (— /) effect of Cl which destabilise the carbocation at ortho and para positions and makes deactivation less for ortho and para position Q. 6. Give reasons: [CBSE Dethi 2019, Q. mButyl bromide has higher boiling point than tbutyl bromide. ‘Ans. Butyl bromide being a straight chain alkyl halide has larger surface area than tertbutyl bromide. Larger the surface area, larger the magnitude of the van der Waa''s forces and hence higher is the boiling point. Q.7. How do you convert the following: [CBSE Panchkula 2013) Q. Prop-1-ene to 1-fluoropropane Ans. CH;—CH==CH, —~» CHs—CH,—CH,—Br “4 CH;—CH,—CH.—F Prop: 1-ene ~~ : 1 Phootopropane Q. Chlorobenzene to 2-chlorotoluene Ans. cl cl CH, O +cH,-c) = Aue AlCh | Chlorobenzene Chloromethane 2-Chlorotoluene Q. Ethanol to propanenitrile Ans. CH3—CH;—OH “3 CH;—CH,—Cl *“3 CH;—CH:—C ==N Baba Propadeere Q.8. Give reasons for the following: [CBSE Bhubaneshwar 2015, [HOTS] Q. Benzyl chloride is highly reactive towards the Sw1 reaction. ‘Ans. Benzyl chloride is highly reactive towards the Sx1 reaction because the intermediate benzyl carbocation formed in slowest step is stabilized through resonance. CH cH, cH, CH, s—$—§_é i Beary cation stable by resonance Q. 2-bromobutane is optically active but 1-bromobutane Is optically inactive. ‘Ans. 2-bromobutane is a chiral molecule as it contains an asymmetric carbon atom therefore, itis optically active whereas 1-bromobutane is an achiral molecule as it does not contain asymmetric carbon atom therefore it is optically inactive Br le hth H Carbocation of 2-Bromobutane Q. Electrophilic reactions in haloarenes occur slowly. Ans. Halogen in haloarenes withdraws electrons through —/ effect and release electrons through +R effect. The inductive effect is stronger than resonance effect and causes net electron withdrawal. As a result, the electrophilic substitution reactions in haloarenes occur slowly, Q.9. Consider the three types of replacement of group X by group Y as shown here. cms om, cams nw] z xk moy, XK u Le x” Won, New = aston oo This can result in giving compound (A) or (8) or both. What Is the process called if 1. (A)Is the only compound obtained? li, (B) is the only compound obtained? iil. (A) and (8) are formed in equal proportions? [CBSE (F) 2019, Ans. I. Retention i, Inversion lil. Racemisation Q.10. Write IUPAC names of the following: mC OH cH, HC CH, o a wo

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