SMART BILLING SYSTEM USING NODE_MCU AND RFID

TECHNOLOGY.
PROJECT REPORT
SUBMITTED BY
AJESH R(BJK19ECE002)
ALSEENA J(BJK19EC005)
JOHNY JAGADEESH(BJK19EC011)
JENNIFER THOMAS (BJK19EC010)

Bachelor of Technology
in
Electronics and Communication Engineering

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

2022
APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University

1
 PROJECT REPORT

Submitted in partial fulfilment of

the requirements for the award of Bachelor of
Technology in Electronics and Communication

Engineering

of the A P J Abdul Kalam Technological University.

SUBMITTED BY

AJESH R(BJK19ECE002)
ALSEENA J(BJK19EC005)
JOHNY JAGADEESH(BJK19EC011)
JENNIFER THOMAS (BJK19EC010)

GUIDED BY
MS. ARYA BAULDWIN
Assistant Professor, Dept. of ECE

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Bishop Jerome Institute, Kollam
July 2022

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 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING, BISHOP JEROME INSTITUTE, KOLLAM

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this report entitled ‘ SMART BILLING SYSTEM USING
NODE_MCU AND RFID TECHNOLOGY' is a bonafide record of the Mini Project
work done by AJESH.R (BJK19EC002), ALSEENA J (BJK19EC005),JENNIFER
THOMAS (BJK19EC010), JOHNY JAGADEESH(BJK19EC011)under our guidance
towards partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of
Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Communication Engineering of the
A P J Abdul Kalam Technological University during the year 2022.

Ms. Arya Bauldwin Mr. Roy S Mr. Roy

S
Asst. Professor Asst. Professor Asst. Professor
Dept. of ECE, Dept. of ECE Dept. of ECE
BJI (Guide) BJI (Project Coordinator) BJI (HOD)

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 DECLARATION

We Ajesh.R, Alseena.J, Jennifer Thomas, Johny Jagadhesh, hereby declare that, this project
report entitled "SMART BILLING SYSTEM USING NODE_MCU AND RFID
TECHNOLOGY" is the bonafide work of ours carried out under the supervision of Mrs.
Arya Bauldwin, Assistant Professor, Dept. of ECE. We declare that, to the best of our
knowledge, the work reported herein does not form part of any other project report or
dissertation on the basis of which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion to
any other candidate. The content of this report is not being presented by any other student to
this or any other University for the award of a degree.

Signature(s):
Name of students : AJESH R
ALSEENA J
JENNIFER THOMAS
JOHNY JAGADEESH

Uni. Register No: BJK19EC002

BJK19EC005
BJK19EC010
BJK19EC011

Signature(s):
Name of Guide(s): Mrs. Arya Bauldwin

Countersigned with Name: Mr. Roy S

Head, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Bishop Jerome Institute, Kollam.

Date: ….../….../………

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

First of all, we humbly remember the grace and blessings that Almighty God bestowed on us,

without which our attempt would not have been a success. We take this opportunity to

express our deep gratitude towards those who have guided and supported us to make our

efforts bear fruit.

We are thankful to our respected Principal Dr. Roshan Kumar for providing us with all the

facilities required for the completion of our work.

We express our sincere gratitude to Mr. Roy. S, Head of the Department, Electronics and

Communication Engineering via project coordinator for his support, valuable suggestions and

also for providing the necessary facilities, timely guidance and advices.

We are indebted to our guide Mrs. Arya Bauldwin ,Asst. Professor in Electronics and

Communication Engineering Department, for her excellent guidance, positive criticism and v

aluable suggestions.

We would also like to thank all the faculty members of Electronics and Communication

Engineering department. We sincerely thank our parents and friends for their moral support

and help.

Place: Kollam

Date:

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 ABSTRACT

Shopping supermarkets are one such place where most people are turning towards to

purchase daily necessities such as food, clothes, toiletries, garden tools, household

appliances, etc. in the contemporary scenario. It has

become a high necessity due to public demand to create multiple varieties of places with

advanced infrastructure to ease the customer needs. The Internet of Things has conducted

many experiments in various applications such as smart homes,

electronic medical frameworks, and wearable devices.These lot have now being involved in

creating smart shopping trolleys, as customers often face many problems and inconveniences

while shopping in supermarkets which includes over

time-consuming, less information on the product details, lack of a pre-defined list of items,

and difficulty in random purchases.

The objective of our project is to overcome the problem of standing in queue and wasting

time. To overcome the above problem, we are proposing a smart trolley billing system that

will audit the purchased products and the payment is made online automatically using the

RFID tag. It will automatically identify and scan the product,and the final billing is made

from the cart itself.So that customers are free from waiting in a long queue at checkout. It

also provides the centralized and automated billing system using RFID. This model is

reasonable and profitable smart shopping cart handled by the IOT innovations. The primary

goal is to provide a technology oriented, time saving and commercial oriented system for

enhanced shopping experience. This system will also provide suggestions for the products

based on user purchased history from a consolidate system. In this system, every product in

mart will have RFID tag, and every cart will be having RFID Reader attached to it. These

features will save time and make shopping easier. Overall we can gain the best shopping

experience.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page No:

ABSTRACT

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF TABLES

Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION

Chapter 2. PROBLEM DEFINITION

Chapter 3. LITERATURE SURVEY

Chapter 4. FINAL SOLUTION

Chapter 5. BLOCK DIAGRAM

Chapter 6. FLOWCHART

Chapter 7. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

Chapter 8. CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS

Chapter 9. SOFTWARE PLATFORM & CODING

Chapter 10. COST EVALUATION

Chapter 11. RESULT

Chapter 12. FUTURE SCOPE

Chapter 13. CONCLUSION

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REFERENCES

Fig. No: Name of Figure Page No:

Fig. Block Diagram of system

Fig. Flow Chart of system
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig. Product Diagram
Fig.

Table No: Name of Table Page No:

Table.10.1 Cost Estimation

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Project Report Smart Billing System using NODEMCU and RFID Technology

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Metropolitian cities are crowded with people in shopping malls to buy their daily needs.
As the market is growing bigger day by day with variety of products and consumer taste
has changed .Shopping malls are centre of attraction because of discounts in products,
cashless transaction, variety of products like household, decorative, kitchen ,sports,
education, stationeries which are all available under one roof. As it is rightly stated,
"Necessity is the mother of invention", one can wish for less time-consuming and an
effortless purchase would always opt for better technological support. The automation of
manual work and the technology advances in the world being co-related; a new system was
invented to ease shopping in supermarkets. So we investigate and understand the method
and significance of a smart shopping cart that uses smart and inexpensive IoT innovation
such as an RFID reader and the NodeMCU. The shopping malls presently use RFID tags which
are tagged for every product which is within trolley and scan many times. The highly
time consuming situation is observed where customer wait for long queues for only one
item. RFID can scan as many as items which is infinite when we see over barcodes. The
space required to install LCD, RFID Reader, and microcontroller is limited such that
trolley turns out to be efficient. It’s also solves key factors like insufficient information of
product, pitfall in prices on items. So we came for unique solution for smart trolley. In
Existing technology we need more human and material resources lot of time is wasted
in scanning the items, making the bills ready and items can be read for shorter
distances only ,barcodes need external power supply so in order to meet all the
requirements of customer we proposed a smart trolley using RFIDS.The proposed
technology focuses on updated technology of RFIDS, Saves precious time of customers
by fast scanning of products, scanning of items for long distances.The exaggerated
shopping trolley system assistances the consumers in reducing the significant amount of
time those consumers used to expend in shopping and it contains real-time informs on
the records are also provided in the store management unit. If clients wishing to
eliminate the product from the cart that they have taken can scan the respective product
once again and it shall be removed.Once buying is over, the total amount will be displayed
in the LCD and billing can be accomplished by using QR code. At the exit point
checking of consignment and packing of merchandise can be done. In order to make
shopping to a lesser extent difficult for shoppers in malls/shops, various strategies
planned for clever purchasing trolleys. It can help reduce labor costs and instill excellent
shopping knowledge in customers. This structure does not force customers to wait in
queues for billing, alternatively, it helps in viewing the items they purchased through a
reader machine fitted in the shopping trolleys which helps them to make the invoicing
process easier and more convenient, by which the process purchases either from a

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predefined list or a random cart will be pre-determined through the reader and the bill is
transmitted to the billing counter through a server.

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Project Report Smart Billing System using NODEMCU and RFID Technology

CHAPTER 2
PROBLEM DEFINITION

We are in the world of Internet of things (IOT), and here all interactions between physical

objects have become a real. This has created a new revolution in all our systems. This created

many dispute in data management, wireless communication and real-time decision making.

Initially we used to generate bill in the paper format and then later we use the technology.

Likewise shopping is easy, but waiting at the bill counter can be very boring & laborious.

Rush plus cashiers who prepare a bill with a barcode scanner take longer & have longer-

lasting results. This innovative project includes an automated billing system that can be

placed in a shopping trolley. This automated payment system includes an RFID reader

controlled by Arduino instead of the traditional barcode readers. The barcode scanner was

used to read and scan the barcodes. But later, we focused on the smart trolley billing system

using RFID tag which is a digital storage device that is used for identification and the

information recording. A reader can access or read the data into the RFID tags through the

electromagnetic induction. A user can only use the RFID tag without the power consumption.

Any product, he/she has to scan it against the RFID reader & then has to get it into the cart.

All the product details are displayed on the LCD along with the price of the product. As the

shopper goes on adding products, every product is detected by the module & therefore the

price will increase accordingly. In case if the shopper changes his/her mind & doesnt want

any product added into the trolley, he/she can remove it by scanning the same product once

again against the reader & the price added will be deducted automatically. Billing is done

with barcodes which is very time consuming process. In this technology, we require scanning

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each and every item based barcode labels attached to that item. It has to done by man power

since we need to scan each label manually. And another disadvantage is that barcode cannot

read from long distance. So, our aim is to design automatic billing system which based on

Radio Frequency Identification.

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Project Report Smart Billing System using NODEMCU and RFID Technology

CHAPTER 3
LITERATURE SURVEY

A. Smart Shopping Cart

In this they have made a system model which supports easy shopping. This model is attached
to the trolley for easy viewing. It consists of RFID reader which is used to scan each product
which has the RFID tag in it. The billing is done in smart trolley itself. The product name and
its price will get displayed on LCD screen.
B. RFID Based shopping Trolley for Supermarket :
In this [2] paper it consists of RFID and Arduino. Here the number of product and the product
weight will be displayed, along with the price details. If it does not match with the database
then buzzer will beep

C. Smart Cart using Arduino:

Another model [3] consists of RFID, IR sensor, ultrasonic sensor. The reader reads the tag in
the product and the corresponding amount is transferred to the billing desk. They can get the
hardcopy of bill from the desk after payment.
D. Smart Cart with Automatic Billing
In this [4] the author innovate a system which supports smart billing trolley. In that they are
representing the system with the additional functionality, which will calculate and update the
customer bill. The product and the price will be displayed in the LCD screen. They can
directly go the billing desk and pay the amount.

E. Smart trolleys for Shopping Malls

Now-a-days number of large as well as small shopping malls [5] has increased throughout the
global due to the increasing public demand and spending. Constant enhancement is required
in the traditional billing system so as to improve the quality of shopping. To improve the
existing system this shopping cart will generate the shopping bill on cart itself with the help
of RFID reader. This system will save the time of customers and workload of employees in
the mall.

F. Smart cart using automatic billing, product information, product recommendation using
RFID
At the billing desk, the bill which is displayed on the screen will be transferred to the systems
memory. This is possible by the module which is present inside the RFID, which transfers the
bill wirelessly.The disadvantages of this system model is that once after displaying the total
number of products and price,we have to enter a key.And after that no addition or deletion of
product will happen.

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G. Smart shopping cart with automatic billing system through RFID and transmitter and
receiver
In malls, there can be a big rush on holidays, weekends especially during on special offers
and discount. Due to purchasing in the shopping mall, now-a- days customer prefer the online
shopping to get the required items like Amazon, Flipkart and Snapdeal etc. so to solve this
problem this paper proposed the virtual cart, using which one can overcome the
complications of online and offline shopping by ensuring a better experience.

Project Report Smart Billing System using NODEMCU and RFID Technology

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 CHAPTER 4
FINAL SOLUTION

In existing system, customer will not know the amount of total purchase, until he went to the
counter for paying bill. One can remove certain product, once he approaches to the counter,
where he decides which product should be reverted back. To avoid these type of troubles, we
develop a smart trolley, where one can know the total bill of the products purchased and bill
amount is also sent to the billing section wirelessly.
In the proposed system, we are using the RFID reader at the trolley side and every product in
the supermarket has its unique RFID tag with unique ID. Once the customer drops a certain
product in the trolley, then the tag attached to that product was read by the RFID reader and
sent to the controller. The controller counts the product value and displays its value on the
LCD screen of the trolley. Like that we can add any number of products of our need and
check the total bill on the LCD screen. After completion of the shopping, one should press
the upload button at the trolley side to send the bill amount to the counter section over the
ZIGBEE communication module. The bill amount was received by the ZIGBEE receiver and
send to the PC to display in the Hyper Terminal

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Project Report Smart Billing System using NODEMCU and
RFID Technology

CHAPTER 5
BLOCK DIAGRAM

The purchase when the power switch is turned on . An RF ID sticker will be present on every
products . Whenever a product is shown to the RF ID reader it sends a ssignal to the NODE
MCU then it searches its memory and detects the data for the corresponding RF ID . It then
send the name of the product and its price to the LCD display which displays it . This process
continues until the Purchase end tag is shown to the RF ID reader . Whenever that Tag is
detected the NODE MCU send the data ’s to the master computer and the RTC module send
the time to the NODE MCU which then sends the information to the LCD display which
display the total purchase cost and the purchase time.

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Project Report Smart Billing System using NODEMCU and
RFID Technolog

CHAPTER6

FLOWCHART

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PSEUDOCODE
1) Initialize the system.
2) Scan the RF ID Tag.
3) If a valid RF ID Tag is detected then a beep sound will be heard , product name and cost
will be shown on the LCD Display and price of the product will be added to the total price.
4) If an invalid RF ID Tag is detected then “Invalid Tag” will be shown on the display.
5) Whenever an already read product is shown again to the RF ID scanner then that products
name will be shown on the display and its price gets reduced from the total price recorded.
6) This process continues until the end Tag is shown to the RF ID tag reader.
7) Then the total bill along with the time of ending the purchase will be shown on the display.

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Project Report Smart Biling System using NODEMCU and RFID Technology

CHAPTER 7
HARDWARE DESCRIPTIONS

ESP8266 NODEMCU

The NodeMCU (Node MicroController Unit) is an open-source software and hardware

development environment built around an inexpensive System-on-a-Chip (SoC) called the
ESP8266. The ESP8266, contains the crucial elements of a computer: CPU, RAM,
networking (WiFi), and even a modern operating system and SDK. That makes it an
excellent choice for Internet of Things (IoT) projects of all kinds.

SPECIFICATIONS

Microcontroller ESP-8266 32-bit

NodeMCU Model Amica
NodeMCU Size 49mm x 26mm
Carrier Board Size n/a
Pin Spacing 0.9" (22.86mm)

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Clock Speed 80 MHz
USB to Serial CP2102
USB Connector Micro USB
Operating Voltage 3.3V
Input Voltage 4.5V-10V
Flash Memory/SRAM 4 MB / 64 KB
Digital I/O Pins 11
Analog In Pins 1
ADC Range 0-3.3V
UART/SPI/I2C 1/1/1
WiFi Built-In 802.11 b/g/n
Temperature Range -40C - 125C

DS3231 RTC MODULE

DS 3231 Real Time Module(RTC. DS3231 is a low-cost, extremely accurate I2C real-timeclock
(RTC), with an integrated temperature-compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO) andcrystal.
Compared to the DS1302 solution, the DS3231 has many advantages, it function with a VCC
ranging from 2.3V to 5.5V and has a battery backup. Unlike the DS1307, the DS3231also has
an integrated crystal (so no external crystal required), temperature sensor, 2programmable
time-of-day alarms, and a 32.768 kHz output pin to ensure higher accuracy.

Specifications:
● Size: 38mm (length) * 22mm (W) * 14mm (height)
● Weight: 8g
● Operating voltage :3.3 - 5 .5 V
● Clock chip: high-precision clock chip DS3231
● Clock Accuracy :0-40 range, the accuracy 2ppm, the error was about 1 minute
● Calendar alarm clock with two
● Programmable square-wave output
● Real time clock generator seconds, minutes, hours, day, date, month and year timing and
provide valid until the year 2100 leap year compensation.

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● Memory chips: AT24C32 (storage capacity 32K)

RC522 RFID READER

RC522 RFID Card Reader Module 13.56MHz is a low-cost MFRC522 based RFID Reader
Module that is easy to use and can be used in a wide range of applications. The MFRC522 is
a highly integrated reader/writer IC for contactless communication at 13.56 MHz.RC522 is
the highly integrated RFID card reader which works on non-contact 13.56mhz
communication, is designed by NXP as low power consumption, low cost and compact size
read and write chip, is the best choice in the development of smart meters and portable hand-
held devices.MFRC522 use the advanced modulation system, fully integrated at 13.56MHz
with all kinds of positive non-contact communication protocols.Support 14443A compatible
answer signal. DSP deals with ISO14443A frames and error correction. Furthermore, it also
supports rapid CRYPTO1 encryption to validate Mifare series products. MFRC522 supports
Mifare series higher speed non-contact communication, duplex communication speed up to
424 kb/s. As a new family member in the 13.56MHz RFIDfamily, MFRC522 has many
similarities to MF RC5200 and MF RC530 and also has more new features.
SPECIFICATIONS

1. Integrated MFRC522
2. 13.56MHz contactless communication card chip.
3. The low-voltage, low-cost, small size of the non-contact card chip to read and write.
4. Working current：13 – 26mA / DC 3.3V
5. Standby current：10 – 13mA / DC 3.3V

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6. Sleep current：<80uA
7. Peak current：<30mA
8. Working frequency：13.56MHz
9. Card reading distance ：0～60mm （Mifare1 card）

16×2 LCD Display with I2C/IIC Interface

An electronic device that is used to display data and the message is known as 16×2 LCD. As
the name suggests, it includes 16 Columns & 2 Rows so it can display 32 characters
(16×2=32) in total & every character will be made with 5×8 (40) Pixel Dots. So the total
pixels within this LCD can be calculated as 32 x 40 otherwise 1280 pixels. 16 X2 displays
mostly depend on multi-segment LEDs. There are different types of displays available in the
market with different combinations such as 8×2, 8×1, 16×1, and 10×2, however, the LCD
16×2 is broadly used in devices, DIY circuits, electronic projects due to less cost,
programmable friendly & simple to debug.Here I2C is used instead of direct connection from
the LCD to the NodeMCU which reduces the overall wirings.It also allows flexibility in a

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connections.

Specifications
● The operating voltage of this display ranges from 4.7V to 5.3V
● The operating current is 1mA without a backlight
● PCB size of the module is 80L x 36W x 18H mm
● PCF8574 controller
● LED color for backlight is white
● Number of columns – 16
● Number of rows – 2
● Characters – 32
● Pixel box of each character is 5×8 pixel
● Font size of character is 0.125 Width x 0.200 height.

Project Report Smart Biling System using NODEMCU and RFID Technology

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 CHAPTER 8
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Project Report Smart Billing System using NODEMCU and RFID Technology

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 CHAPTER 9
SOFTWARE PLATFORM

Arduino IDE

The Arduino projects provides the Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE),
which is a cross-platform application (for Windows, macOS, Linux) that is written in
functions from C & C++. It is used to write and upload programs to Arduino compatible
boards, but also, with the help of third-party cores, other vendor development boards. The
program or code written in the Arduino IDE is often called sketching. We need to connect the
Arduino board with the IDE to upload the sketch written in the Arduino IDE software. The
sketch is saved with the extension &#39;.ino.&#39;
The Arduino IDE will appear as:

The editor has features for cutting/pasting and for searching/replacing text. The message area
gives feedback while saving and exporting and also displays errors. The console displays text
The bottom right hand corner of the window displays the configured board and serial port.
The toolbar buttons allow you to verify and upload programs, create, open, and save sketches,

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and open the serial monitor.

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Project Report Smart Billing System using NODEMCU and RFID Technology

CHAPTER 10
COST ESTIMATION

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Project Report Smart Billing System using NODEMCU and RFID
Technology

CHAPTER 11
RESULTS

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ADVANTAGES
1.Easy to use and reduces man power.
2.Safe, secured and needs low power.
3.It is echo friendly; with this we can eliminate usage of paper.
4.It very attractive and eye catching.
5.Easy to shop
6.Easy to use
7.Flexible

APPLICATIONS
1.Shopping applications
2.Industrial application, etc

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Project Report Smart Billing System using NODEMCU and RFID Technology

CHAPTER 12
FUTURE SCOPE

This system can be also implemented using LI-FI, NFC & other communication systems.
This system can be advanced by using Beacon Module instead of RFID Module
Load sensor is also a helpful implementation.
In addition to the product details, nutrition facts of the eatables can be added.
Automatic track detection & movement of the cart can be implemented by using various
sensor technologies.
Shopping budget limit can be set; when the limit exceeds buzzer should beep indicating this.
Providing an option to the shoppers to priorly create a shopping list.
The same system can be used in various places.
In the Future Enhancement, we can add the indoor navigation system which can locate the
required product from the customer place of location. Here we have used a very low range
RFID reader, which can be further enhanced with a high range reader when it comes for real
enactment of this prototype. Although many new developments have been made in this area,
supporting such application is still a major challenge.

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Project Report Smart Billing System using NODEMCU and RFID Technology

CHAPTER 13
CONCLUSION

This proposed paper signifies the need to improve the shopping experience and security

concerns with a safe smart purchasing system that is based on RFID technology. The

intelligent racks will track the articles on the racks by reading

the RFID signals from the tags. The intelligent carts can read and collect information about

the goods inside carts and can eventually verify the customer's purchase through checkout

points. The Internet of Things is one of these systems which

link different objects The Internet of Things is a technology like this that connects different

objects in a network and is a milestone in the era of an intelligent society. Smart shopping

technology allows consumers to shop effectively on their

shopping cart. So we conclude that the automatic billing of goods employing RFID

technology will in the future become a more viable choice. The device is efficient, compact,

and performs very efficiently based on RFID technology. Our project

redefined the buying process according to the customer's point of view. Obviously, with its

precision, quick response, and durability, RFID has outsmarted barcodes. Our concept has

removed the consumer practice of relying on the retailer for product details. Billing is

stopped entirely, saving the client time and making it easier for the shopkeeper to handle.

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This prevents standing in queue for the customer as the trolley itself is accustomed with the

RFID reader for billing and payment. Various parameters are shown, such as machine smart

trolley parameters, such as product name, cost of the product, and weight.

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Project Report Smart Billing System using NODEMCU and RFID Technology

REFERENCES

Hubert, M. blut, C. Brock,C.Backhaus and T.Eberhardt ―Acceptance of smart phone based

mobile shopping: mobilebenefits, customercharacteristics, perceived risks and the impact
of application context”,IEEE 2018.
Chandrashekhar P, Ms.T. Sangeetha ―Smart shopping cart with automatic central billing
system through RFID and zigbee‖,IEEE,2014.

A conference paper on ―Iot Based Smart Shopping Mall‖ by 1 Ashok Sutagundar, Masuda
Ettinamani, Ameenabegum Attar.

A conference paper on ―Internet of Things (IOT)Based Smart Shopping Center " RFID, by
Ajay Kumar, shlok Srivastava and U. gupta.

A conference paper on ―IoT Applications on Secure Smart Shopping System "by Ruinian
Li, Tianyi Song, Nicholas Capurso, Jiguo Yu, Jason Couture, and Xiuzhen Cheng.

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