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3.momentum and Impulse

Mark imparts an impulse of 32.5 kg.m/s on the ball.

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Sarah Villa
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70 views46 pages

3.momentum and Impulse

Mark imparts an impulse of 32.5 kg.m/s on the ball.

Uploaded by

Sarah Villa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Quarter 4 - Module 3:

Impulse and Momentum


Please Open your Camera

SMILE
SquiD
Game
SquiD
Game
In the first season of the Squid game,
Seong Gi-hun was declared as the winner.

However, the last


episode of the squid game
gave us a feeling that there
will be a next season for it.
Suddenly, the movie that you only watched and
enjoyed became a reality to you.

While you are walking on the


street, a group of men
instantly pulled you inside
their car. They covered your
face with a black cloth and
they made you fall asleep.
ARE YOU NOW
READY TO KNOW
WHAT WILL
HAPPEN NEXT?

067 240
What is the obvious
difference of the rock
and the marble?
Why do you think that
the rock was able to
break the glass
compared to the marble?
Why do you think that
the marble will break the
glass wall if you use the
gun?
What do you think are
the two factors that
would break the glass?
If you combine the
mass and velocity of an
object, what do you
think will be formed?
MOMENTUM
& IMPULSE
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
solve problems
involving momentum explain a variety of
define and impulse and; applications of the
momentum and momentum and
impulse; impulse that pertain to
safety.
WHAT IS
MOMENTUM?
These are the two things we
need to consider in defining
momentum:

a. The object has a


mass
These are the two things we
need to consider in defining
momentum:

a. The object has a


mass

b. The object is moving


Any object with a quantity
has a momentum

Momentum simply means


“mass in motion”

It is also known as
translational momentum or
linear momentum
The product of a particle’s mass and
velocity is called the momentum given
by the equation:
p= mv ( 1 )
wherein: p=momentum (kg.m/s)
m= mass (kg)
v= velocity (m/s)
An object can have a
large momentum by
having a large mass or
a large velocity.

Despite having equal velocity, the


truck has higher momentum because
of its mass
Newton actually formulated his
second law in terms of momentum
rather than acceleration. Force is the
rate of change of momentum. In
equation, it is given by
Momentum is a vector
quantity
It follows the direction of the
object’s velocity

o An object moving to the


right and upwards have
positive velocity (+v)
o An object moving to the left
and downwards have
negative velocity (-v)
When an object’s velocity
changes, momentum also
changes

o When an object does not move


or its velocity is zero, its
momentum is zero.

? The amount of an objects


momentum is the same
amount of force needed
to stop it
PROBLEM
SOLVING
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1
A 2,500 kg mini bus from Santiago, Isabela moves at an
average velocity of 25 m/s to Cordon, Isabela. What is
the momentum of the bus?
Given: m=2,500 kg
v= 25 m/s
Find: p
p= mv
p= (2,500 kg)(25 m/s)
p= 62,500 kg.m/s from Santiago, Isabela to
Cordon, Isabela
SAMPLE PROBLEM 2
How fast must a 1800 kg car move to have the same
momentum as the mini bus in sample problem number
1?
Suppose you ride a bus from Iligan City to Cagayan de Oro
City. What do you think will happen to the bus after if it
passes along a curvy road?
a. It will slow down
b. It will speed up
c. The velocity will not
change
After passing a curvy road, the bus travels in a straight
road. How will you describe the velocity of the bus?

a. It increases
b. It decreases
c. It does not change at all
TITL
E

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Maecenas


porttitor congue massa. Fusce posuere, magna sed pulvinar ultricies,
purus lectus malesuada libero, sit amet commodo magna eros quis
urna.

Nunc viverra imperdiet enim. Fusce est. Vivamus a tellus.

Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada


fames ac turpis egestas. Proin pharetra nonummy pede. Mauris et orci.
There were only 25 passengers in the bus. Along the way, 5 passengers
drop at Laguindingan bus stop, and another 4 passengers dropped-off at
TITL
Opol bus stop. What can you say about the mass of the bus?

a. It increases E
b. It decreases
c. It does not
change at all
When the object slows down or
moves faster, its velocity
decreases or increases. If there
is a change in the velocity or
the mass of an object, there is
also a change in momentum.
And that change of momentum
is called IMPULSE
IMPULSE
Recall that the second law of motion can be written as:

Acceleration can also be expressed as the change of


velocity over change in time.
IMPULSE

FΔt = mΔv

is called Impulse (I)


IMPULSE
IMPULSE
A force of short duration is an impulsive
force. The impulse (J) that this force
delivers to an object is the area under
the force-versus- time graph. For time-
dependent forces, impulse and
momentum are often more useful than
Newton’s Laws.
o Strictly speaking, impulse has units of N.s but by derivation, it is
also equivalent to kg.m/s, which is the unit of momentum.
MOMENTUM PRINCIPLE
An impulse delivered to an object causes the
object’s momentum to change. Working with
momentum is similar to working with energy. It is
important to clearly define the system. In equation,

067 067
MOMENTUM BAR CHARTS
The momentum principle tells us that impulse transfers
momentum to an object. A momentum bar chart,
similar to an energy bar chart, shows this principle
graphically.

For example, the bar chart represents


the ball colliding with a wall.
Momentum bar charts are a tool for
visualizing an interaction.

067
Conservation of Momentum
The total momentum of an isolated system is conserved.
The particles interact with each other but not with the
environment. Regardless of how intense the interactions are,
the final momentum equals the initial momentum.

Law of conservation of momentum. The total


momentum of an isolated system is a constant.
Interactions within the system do not change the
system’s total momentum.
DID YOU KNOW ?
The word momentum means
“movement” or “moving
power”. The symbol for
momentum is “P” which
stands for progress. The term
was first used by the German
scientist Gottfried Wilhelm
von Leibniz. He defined
progress as the quantity of
motion with which a body
proceeds in a certain direction.
PROBLEM
SOLVING
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1
Mark kicks a 0.05 kg ball, giving it a speed of 65 m/s.
What impulse does he impart on the ball?

J= (0.05 kg)(65 m/s)


J= 32.5 kg.m/s

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