<CTCS_2022Rc>

4th International Conference on Civil Engineering Trends and Challenges for Sustainability
CTCS 2022

Seismic Analysis of RCC Building with Different Shape of Shear

Wall and Without Shear Wall
*
Bush Rc a, Anoop I Shirkol b Sruthi j s c
a,bDepartment of Civil Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India
cDepartment of Civil Engineering, Vit University, Chennai, India

Abstract

Shear walls are earthquake resistant structural components used in structures at different locations to resist the
lateral loads. Shear wall as possess large in-plane stiffness that aid in the resistance of lateral loads. In this study,
analysis has been carried out on a (B+G+26) storey building in which different and locations of shear walls are
considered. The models considered have been analyzed and modeled using FEM integrated software ETABS
wherein the models are assumed to be present in the seismic zone IV of INDIA given in IS1893-2016. The models
are regular in plan and they are assumed to be on type -II (i.e., medium soil) and the observation made after analysis
through response spectrum s that the a regular structure with uniformly placed shear walls at centre will perform
better in terms of all seismic parameters compared to structures without shear walls and with structures where shear
walls placed in other locations than the centre. The result parameters such as storey drift, storey displacement, storey
stiffness, time period and base reaction of the models have been compared.

Keywords— Shear Wall, ETABS, Natural Period, Storey Displacement, Base Shear and Storey drift

1. Introduction

Earthquake can be defined as the shaking of the ground motion caused due to the release of energy. The vibration
generated plays a vital role in design and analysis of earthquake resistant structures. There are several methods to
reduce this impact. Earthquake imparts both lateral and vertical forces on the structure. The design of earthquake
resistant structures is of high importance to dissipate such forces. The concept of earthquake resistant structures is to
provide adequate stiffness, strength to prevent in elastic deformation. With respect to height of the structure, the
lateral load acting on the structure increases whereas stiffness decreases. In order to tackle this situation certain
elements are added to the structure such as cross braces, moment resisting frames, shear walls, etc.

1.1. Shear Wall

Shear wall is a structural component capable of resisting both gravity loads and lateral loads (Earthquake and
Wind loads). Shear Walls can be defined as a vertical structural member that is provided from the foundation and
run throughout the height of building. The thickness of shear wall usually varies between 150 mm to 400 mm and
this entirely depends upon the number of story, thermal insulation and design period [1]. RCC shear wall has higher
in plane stiffness compared to out plane stiffness. Hence they can resist humongous horizontal loads and can
perform well with the resistance of vertical loads in the direction of orientation of the wall [1]. This attribute of the
shear wall serves to be advantageous in many Structural Engineering applications and hence can reduce the risk of
damage to the structure. Shear walls provide extensive lateral stiffness which helps to prevent the roof or floors from
excessive side-sway..

1.2. Advantage of shear wall

Shear walls offer various advantages such as providing stability and stiffness to the structure, reduces sway and
earthquake damages. To support this statement an example of a recent collapse of Champlain towers that collapsed
in Florida during the early hours of 24th june, 2021 has been described below. A wing of 12 storey Champlain tower
collapsed due to long term penetration of water from the pool area corroding the reinforcement provided in the slab
below. However, only a portion of the tower collapsed while the other half did not collapse. A portion of the tower
stood stiff because of the shear walls. This case study provides a very good reasoning on how effective shear walls
are in providing stiffness to the structure. Lateral forces can cause powerful torsional forces that can rip the building
apart. Shear walls plays an important role in resisting such forces.

2. Literature Review

[2] Mishra studied different shapes of shear wall at different location in structure subjected to seismic loads. It was
concluded that the optimum positions of shear wall is the intermediate position provided as core shear wall or can be
provided in the periphery of the building.[3] Hosseini studied the performance of structure with shear wall subjected
to seismic loads. Rigid frame, wall framed and coupled frame structures have been studied. It was observed that the
walls that were not designed for seismic performance did not collapse due to well distributed reinforcement. [4]
Ashish studied the impact of change position of shear wall with different shapes and parameters such structure drift,
axial load and displacement were compared. It was observed that the member forces increased when the shear wall
was placed at the extreme ends from centre of gravity. Author concluded that as eccentricity increases, occurrence of
non-uniform movement of the building roof increases causing torsion and excessive forces and moment.

A. EARTHQUAKE ANALYSIS METHODS ARE GENERALLY CLASSIFIED AS FOLLOWING TYPES:

 Equivalent static analysis

 Push over analysis
 Response spectrum analysis
 Linear dynamic analysis
 Non-Linear dynamic analysis
 Time history analysis
 Non-Linear static analysis.

As per Indian Code [5] if the height of the building exceeds 15 meters and located in Zone IV, dynamic
analysis has to be performed. Dynamic analysis can be performed by either of the two methods- response spectrum
method or time history method. In the present study, G+26 storey building has been analysed by response spectrum
method. [11] Response Spectrum can be defined as the graph showing the maximum response against the natural
frequency of a Single Degree Of Freedom System (SDOF)‘‘This method is helpful to find the maximum allowable
limit for the displacement values and forces in each mode of vibration using smooth design spectra. The main
constraint of the Response spectrum analysis is that they are globally suitable to linear systems.

3. Objective of the study

 To analyze the (B+G+26) storey building with Different Shapes of shear wall at Different location.
 To study the behaviour of the structure with respect to different shapes and location of shear wall in order
to find out the optimum location and Shape of shear wall
 To compare the parameters such as Base shear, Natural Period, Storey shear, Storey displacement and
Storey drift.

4. Modelling and Analysis

In this study, 26-story building having individual storey height of 3m is modelled through ETABS software. The
models considered have been assumed to be fixed at the base and has been assumed to be situated at Delhi that
belong to zone IV. In this paper seven models were considered consisting of one bare frame model and the rest of
the models with different shapes and locations of shear wall. Results parameters such as base shear, storey shear,
natural period, storey displacement and storey drift have been compared among the models.
4.1. Modelling

In this study, six different shapes of shear wall with different location and one without shear wall is taken into
consideration. The structure with different shapes of shear wall with different location are modelled and analyzed.

4.2. Analysis data

Floor Area 35.5 X 35.5

No of Story in the structure B1+G+26

Grade of Concrete used M-35

Grade of Steel used Fe-415

Height of a single storey 3m

Column size from 6 to 15 (Floor) 650*650(mm)

Column size from 16 to 26(Floor) 600*600(mm)

Beam size from 1 to 12 (Floor) 500*600(mm)

Beam size from 13 to 26 (Floor) 400*600(mm

Slab Thickness 200mm

Wall Thickness 230mm

Zone IV

Soil Type II

Importance Factor 1.2

Response Reduction factor 5

4.3. Loading data on building

Floor Finish 3kN/m2

Floor Finish on Roof 4kN/m2

Live Load on Floor 4kN/m2

Live Load on Roof 1.5kN/m2

Wall Load on Floor beam Wall 15kN/m

Wall Load on Roof Beam 5kN/m

 Fig. 1.1 Plan of Structure Box- Fig. 1.2 Plan of Structure Z- Shape
Shape shear Wall (Model 1) shear Wall (Model 2)

Fig. 1.3 Plan of Structure T- Fig. 1.4 Plan of Structure

Shape shear Wall (Model 3) Quadrant- Shape shear Wall
(Model 4)

Fig. 1.6 Plan of Structure

Fig. 1.5 Plan of Structure L-
Side Shear Wall (Model
Shape shear Wall (Model 5)
6)

Fig. 1.7 Plan of Structure Without shear Wall

(Model 7)
 I. Results and Discussion

Fig 2.1 comparison of storey displacement in Rsx Fig 2.2 comparison of storey displacement in Rsy

A. Displacement

Displacement of models with and without shear wall in addition to different shapes and location of shear wall has
been calculated using the response spectrum method under zone-IV. The values obtained from analysis are shown in
Fig 2.1 and 2.2. which portrays the maximum displacement for all the models. It is observed that providing shear
wall reduce the displacement of a building. From fig-2.1 and 2.2, the maximum storey displacement in RSX load
case is less for T-shape model and in RSY load case is less for quadrant shape

Fig 2.3 comparison of storey drift in Rsx Fig 2.4 Comparison of story drift ratio in Rsy

B. Storey Drift Ratio

Storey drift can be defined as the difference in displacement among two successive stories divided by the height
of the storey. The storey drift of structure with different shapes of shear wall and the structure without shear wall are
calculated using response spectrum analysis method. Zone-IV is considered for the analysis. The values obtained
from analysis is shown in Fig 2.3 and 2.4. Fig 2.3 and 2.4 portrays the maximum storey drift for all models. It is
observed that by providing shear wall it reduces the storey drift. Fig 2.3 and 2.4, the max storey drift in RSX load
case is less for T-shape model and in RSY load case is less for quadrant shape.
Fig. 2.5 Comparison of Storey Stiffness in RSX Fig. 2.6 Comparison of Storey Stiffness in RSY

C. Storey Stiffness

It is observed by using response spectrum method that for RSX load case with different shapes of shear wall
where the storey stiffness is maximum for T shape model and minimum stiffness for without shear wall structure.
For RSY load case the storey stiffness maximum for quadrant shape model and less for the structure without shear
wall

TABLE III.: BASE SHEARS FOR SEVEN MODELS

Modal Base Shear In Base Shear In

(X) Kn (Y) Kn
Z Shape 6309.011 6053.36

T-Shape 6173.68 5403.697

Box Shape 5830.063 5865.59
Quadrant Shape 5462.22 6473.367
L Shape 5316.13 5521.231
Side Wall 5222.274 5356.055
Without Shear 5061.388 5060.632
Wall

D. Base Shear for all Seven Buildings

Table III shows the base shear for all the models models. It is obvious that the base shear is higher with model
with Z shape model and lower for the structure with no shear wall. This shows that the stiffness and mass for the
model with z shape shear wall is higher whereas the stiffness and mass for the model without shear wall is much
lower.
TABLE IV MODAL TIME PERIOD

BOX SHAPE Z SHAPE T- SHAPE QUADREN T L SHAPE SIDE WITHOUT SHEAR

SHAPE WALL WALL
CASE MODE PERIOD PERIOD PERIOD PERIOD PERIOD PERIO PERIOD (sec)
(sec) (sec) (sec) (sec) (sec) D (sec)
Modal 1 3.417 3.409 3.564 3.751 3.812 3.936 4.706
Modal 2 3.394 3.289 3.277 3.096 3.664 3.693 4.591
Modal 3 2.813 2.589 2.731 2.471 2.853 3.259 4.201
Modal 4 1.015 0.983 1.092 1.101 1.126 1.207 1.616
Modal 5 0.982 0.925 0.901 0.877 1.093 1.151 1.583
Modal 6 0.819 0.71 0.792 0.705 0.821 1.023 1.463
Modal 7 0.494 0.471 0.548 0.531 0.545 0.612 0.918
Modal 8 0.471 0.434 0.41 0.408 0.532 0.586 0.904
Modal 9 0.394 0.329 0.376 0.33 0.385 0.528 0.844
Modal 10 0.296 0.289 0.338 0.321 0.328 0.376 0.647

E. Comparison of Modal Time Period for all Seven Buildings

Table IV portrays the natural time period values for all models i.e. structure with various shapes of shear wall at
various locations and structure without shear walls. Above results shows that the natural time period for the structure
having Z shape shear wall is less i.e. the displacement will be less that leads to higher stiffness. The natural period of
structure without shear wall are more that implies the structure is less stiffness..

5. Conclusions

In this study, (B+G+26) storey structure with various shapes at different location are analysed through ETABS
software. The conclusions that were arrived as follows:

 Base shear was found to be higher for the model with Z shaped shear wall gives higher which in turn
means that the stiffness as well as the mass of structure will be greater. The model without shear wall
has been observed of base shear of lesser value which states that the stiffness and mass of structure will
be lesser.
 Storey stiffness is maximum for the model with z shaped shear wall when compared to all the other
models.
 Natural period is higher for the model with Z shaped shear wall among all the other models.
 Storey displacement has been observed to be lesser for the model with box shaped shear wall.
 Storey drift is observed to be the least for T- shaped shear wall building.
 It is observed that values such as stiffness, base shear, time period, storey displacement and storey drift
changes with respect to the location of shear wall. Hence it is important to find out the optimum location
for better results.

References

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location in soft story building subjected to seismic load." International Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN (2015): 2395-0056.
[3] Hosseini , Prof.N.V.Ramana Rao, M. (2019). Impact of Dynamic Analysis of High Rise Structure with Dual
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