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09 Displacement Method - Slope Deflection Equations

The document discusses the slope-deflection method of structural analysis. It begins by defining key terms like displacement methods, slope-deflection method, and degrees of freedom. It then derives the general slope-deflection equations that express member end moments in terms of angular and linear displacements. Examples are provided to demonstrate applying the method to determine member end moments in beams and frames.

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55 views

09 Displacement Method - Slope Deflection Equations

The document discusses the slope-deflection method of structural analysis. It begins by defining key terms like displacement methods, slope-deflection method, and degrees of freedom. It then derives the general slope-deflection equations that express member end moments in terms of angular and linear displacements. Examples are provided to demonstrate applying the method to determine member end moments in beams and frames.

Uploaded by

Zhwa 18
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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University of Garmian

Civil Engineering Department


Structural Analysis-II
2022-2023

09 Displacement Method of Analysis – Slope


deflection equations

Fkrat L. Hamid
MSc. Structural Engineering
1
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
General Principles and Definitions

➢Methods using displacements as the basic


unknowns are called displacement methods.
➢Slope-Deflection method is one of the important
displacement methods.
➢This method may be used in analyzing all types of
statically indeterminate beams and rigid frames
composed of prismatic or non-prismatic members.
➢The method uses displacements as unknowns, while
in the force method the unknowns are forces.
➢Stiffness coefficient (k) will be used in this method,
while, the flexibility coefficient (fij) was used in
force method.

2
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Degree of freedom:

The number of unknown displacements in the structure is


called degree of kinematically indeterminacy.

Any load applied to the beam will


cause node A to rotate.
Node B is completely restricted
from moving.
Hence, the beam has only one
unknown degree of freedom.
Therefore kinematically
indeterminate to 1st degree.

3
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Degree of freedom:

The beam has nodes


at A, B & C
There are 4 degrees
of freedom 𝜃A, 𝜃B, 𝜃C
and ∆C.
It is kinematically
indeterminate to 4th
degree.

4
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Degree of freedom:

The frame has 3 degrees


of freedom, 𝜃B, 𝜃C and
∆B. It is kinematically
indeterminate to 3rd
degree.

5
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Definitions and Concepts

➢The slope-deflection method uses displacements as


unknowns and is referred to as a displacement
method.
➢In the slope-deflection method, the moments at the
ends of the members are expressed in terms of
displacements and end rotations of these ends.
➢An important characteristic of the slope-deflection
method is that it does not become increasingly
complicated to apply as the number of unknowns in
the problem increases.
➢In the slope-deflection method the individual
equations are relatively easy to construct regardless
of the number of unknowns. 6
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Slope-Deflection Equations

In order to develop the general form of the slope-deflection


equations, we will consider the typical span AB of a
continuous beam as shown

the beam’s internal end moments 𝑀𝐴𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑀𝐵𝐴 can be


determined in terms of its three degrees of freedom,
namely, its angular displacements 𝜃𝐴 , 𝜃𝐵 and linear
displacement ∆ which could be caused by a relative
settlement between the supports 7
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Slope-Deflection Equations

moments and angular displacements will be


considered positive when they act clockwise on
the span

8
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Slope-Deflection Equations

The slope-deflection equations can be obtained by using the


principle of superposition by considering separately the
moments developed at each support due to each of the
displacements, 𝜃𝐴 , 𝜃𝐵 , and ∆, and then the loads.

9
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Slope-Deflection Equations
Angular Displacement at A, 𝜽𝑨 End A of the beam rotates to its final position
𝜃𝐴 while end B is held fixed

10
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Slope-Deflection Equations

Angular Displacement at B, 𝜽𝑩 End B of the beam rotates to its final position


𝜃𝐵 while end A is held fixed

11
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Slope-Deflection Equations
Relative Linear Displacement, ∆
If the far node B of the member is displaced relative to A, so that the cord
of the member rotates clockwise (positive displacement) and yet both
ends do not rotate, then equal but opposite moment and shear reactions
are developed in the member,

12
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Slope-Deflection Equations

Fixed-End Moments. Consider the loading, herein concentrated load P is assumed

13
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Slope-Deflection Equations

If the end moments due to each displacement and the loading


are added together, the resultant moments at the ends can be
written as

14
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Slope-Deflection Equations

15
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Slope-Deflection Equations

Pin-Supported End Span.

Here the (𝐹𝐸𝑀)𝐹 is equal to zero since the far end is pinned, Furthermore, the
(𝐹𝐸𝑀)𝑁 can be obtained, for example, using the table in the right-hand column
on the inside back cover of this book.

16
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Example 9-1

Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam shown
in Fig. below. EI is constant.

17
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Example 9-1

Two spans must be considered in this problem. Since there


is no span having the far end pinned or roller supported

18
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Example 9-1

For span AB, considering A to be the near end and B to be the far end, we have

19
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Example 9-1

The negative value for MBC indicates that this moment acts counterclockwise on the
beam, not clockwise as shown 20
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Example 9-1

21
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Analysis of Frames No-Sidesway

22
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Example 9-2

Determine the moments at each


joint of the frame shown. EI is
constant.

23
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Example 9-2

24
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Example 9-2

25
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Example 9-2

26
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Example 9-2

27
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Quiz

Determine the moments at A, B,


and C and then draw the moment
diagram. EI is constant. Assume
the support at B is a roller and A
and C are fixed.

28
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II
Quiz

29
GENBC312 Structural Analysis-II

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